Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran
مجله پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Med J Islam Repub Iran
Medical Sciences
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir
2
journal2
1016-1430
2251-6840
8
10.18869/mjiri
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1391
2
1
gregorian
2012
5
1
26
2
online
1
fulltext
en
Point-of-admission hypoglycaemia among under-five Nigerian children with plasmodium falciparum malaria: prevalence and risk factors
Pediatric
Pediatric
Original Research
Original Research
<font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt text-align: justify"><b><font size="3"><font face="Calibri">Abstract<o:p /></font></font></b></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt text-align: justify"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3"><b>Background:</b> Hypoglycaemia
is a well recognized complication of falciparum malaria in children but its
diagnosis may be overlooked because all the clinical features may be mimicked
by severe malaria. To determine the prevalence of hypoglycaemia at the point of
hospital admission of under-fives with falciparum malaria and identify its risk
factors in patients seen in a Nigerian secondary-health-care institution.<o:p /></font></font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt text-align: justify"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3"><b>Methods:</b> During a 12-month
period and at the point of hospital admission, venous blood sample was
collected into an appropriate sample bottle (fluoride-oxalate bottle) from 502
children who were below 5 years of age with positive falciparum malaria
parasitaemia. The blood sample was analysed using the glucose-oxidase method.
The duration of illness, degree of parasitaemia and time of last meal were
noted for each child.<o:p /></font></font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt text-align: justify"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3"><b>Results:</b> Ninety two
(18.3%) out of 502 children below five years old with falciparum malaria had
hypoglycaemia ( blood glucose below 2.6 mmol/L or 50 mg/dl) at the point of hospital
admission. Twenty three percent (78 out of 339) of children below 36 months old
were hypoglycaemic compared to 8.6% (14 out of 163) children aged 36 months and
above (p=0.01). Prevalence of hypoglycaemia was higher in girls (20.7%) than boys
(16.3%) [Odd ratio, OR = 0.75 (95% Confidence Interval, CI = 0.48-1.18)]. Forty
(13.1%) out of 305 children whose time of last meal was 12 hours and below had
hypoglycaemia compared to 52(26.4%) out of 197 whose time of last meal was
greater than 12 hours (p=0.02). Hypoglycaemia at admission point was
associated with a significant increase in mortality rate (p=0.00). The
duration of illness and the degree of parasitaemia did not have significant
difference with the prevalence of hypoglycaemia.<o:p /></font></font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt text-align: justify"><font size="3"><font face="Calibri"><b>Conclusion:</b> In falciparum
malaria, a greater interval (between 2 meals) than 12 hours in children below
36 months old predisposed them to hypoglycaemia. Routine monitoring of blood
glucose at the admission point is suggested in malaria endemic region.<o:p /></font></font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font>
Hypoglycaemia, prevalence, under-fives, risk factors.
78
84
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-302&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Alphonsus N.
Onyiriuka
alpndiony@yahoo.com; didiruka@gmail.com
20031947532846002992
20031947532846002992
Yes
Department of Child Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Pmb 1111, Benin City, Nigeria.
Olasimbo O.
Peter
olasimbosojinu1@yahoo.com
20031947532846002993
20031947532846002993
No
Paediatric Unit, St Philomena Catholic Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Louis C.
Onyiriuka
chinedu.louis@gmail.com
20031947532846002994
20031947532846002994
No
School Of Medicine, College Of Medical Sciences, University Of Benin,Benin City, Nigeria.
Patience O.
Awaebe
patcoded@yahoo.com
20031947532846002995
20031947532846002995
No
Medical Laboratory Unit, St Philomena Catholic Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Fidelis U.
Onyiriuka
ivorytowersy2k@yahoo.com
20031947532846002996
20031947532846002996
No
School Of Medicine, College Of Medical Sciences, University Of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.