Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran
مجله پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Med J Islam Repub Iran
Medical Sciences
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir
2
journal2
1016-1430
2251-6840
8
10.18869/mjiri
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1399
10
1
gregorian
2021
1
1
35
1
online
1
fulltext
en
Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection by Sambucus ebulus extract in vitro
Virology
Virology
Original Research
Original Research
<strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of drug-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been increasingly reported. Therefore, attempts to discover new antiviral agents in particular from natural compounds are required. In this study, we evaluated the possible inhibitory effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Sambucus ebulus (S. ebulus) against HSV-1.<br>
<strong>Methods:</strong> S. ebulus extract was produced by maceration method. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity effects of the S. ebulus extract; also, antiviral effects were measured both by test TCID50 and quantitative real-time PCR methods. To study the inhibitory impact of S. ebulus extract on the expression of HSV-1 antigens, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was also performed. All analyses were performed using the GraphPad Prism software v. 7.0.<br>
<strong>Results:</strong> In the postexposure assay of HSV-1 with S. ebulus extract at the highest nontoxic concentration (75 μg/mL), S. ebulus extract led to 2.6 log10 TCID50 reduction in infectious virus titer. At the highest nontoxic concentration, the S. ebulus extract led to inhibition rates of 91.2%, based on the quantitative real-time PCR assay results (p<0.001). Also, in the immunofluorescence assay, a significant reduction was observed in fluorescence emission intensity in HSV-1-infected cell treated with S. ebulus extract compared to the control group.<br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> S. ebulus extract is a novel and effective natural compound in reducing HSV-1 titer and future studies should be conducted to discover the complete mechanism of antiviral effect of this natural compound.
Herpes simplex virus, Antiviral activity, Natural product, Sambucus ebulus
72
77
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4980-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Hadi
Ghaffari
drhadighaffari@gmail.com
200319475328460063518
200319475328460063518
No
Infectious Diseases Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, & Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
Angila
Ataei-Pirkooh
ataei.a@iums.ac.ir
200319475328460063519
200319475328460063519
No
Department of Medical Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Sayid Mahdi
Mirghazanfari
smmirghazanfari@gmail.com
200319475328460063520
200319475328460063520
No
Department of Physiology and Iranian Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad
Barati
m.barati@ajaums.ac.ir
200319475328460063521
200319475328460063521
Yes
Infectious Diseases Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran