eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
249
254
article
Role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and MMP inhibitors on intracranial aneurysms: a review article
Azam Maradni
azam.mardani@yahoo.com
1
Alireza Khoshnevisan
akhoshnevisan@tums.ac.ir
2
Seyed Hamzeh Mousavi
shm135978@yahoo.com
3
Seyed Hasan Emamirazavi
emami_r@health.gov.ir
4
Abbas Noruzijavidan
noroozi@tums.ac.ir
5
Brain and spinal injury repair research center (BASIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and spinal injury repair research center, Tehran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Surgery, Brainand spinal injury repair research center (BASIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Brain and spinal injury repair research center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cerebrovascular
disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world, and about
one-fourth of cerebrovascular deaths are due to ruptured cerebral aneurysms
(CA). Hence it is important to find a way to reduce aneurysm formation and its
subsequent morbidity and mortality. Proteolytic activity capable of lysing
gelatin has been shown to be increased in aneurysm tissue and expression of
plasmin, membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase- 1(MT1-MMP), and matrix
metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in aneurysmal wall is more than what we observe in
normal cerebral arteries. MMP inhibitors such as doxycycline and statins may
prohibit aneurysm formation and growth. MMPs are important in tissue remodeling
associated with various physiological and pathological processes such as
morphogenesis, angiogenesis, apoptosis and tissue repair. In this article we
review the role of MMPs and MMP inhibitors in formation of aneurysm.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1963-en.pdf
Cerebral aneurysm
MMPs
MMP inhibitors
Doxycycline
Statins.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
236
248
article
Response-oriented measuring inequalities in Tehran: second round of Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2), concepts and framework
Mohsen Asadi-Lari
asadilari@iums.ac.ir
1
Mohammad Reza Vaez-Mahdavi
vaezmahdavi@shahed.ac.ir
2
Soghrat Faghihzadeh
faghihz@modares.ac.ir
3
Bahman Cherghian
cheraghian2000@yahoo.com
4
Alireza Esteghamati
5
Ali Asghar Farshad
fdgir@yahoo.com
6
Mehdi Golmakani
golmakani@yahoo.com
7
Ali-Asghar Haeri-Mehrizi
haeri.stat@gmail.com
8
Hossein Hesari
hessari@mappi.helsinki.fi
9
Naser Kalantari
nkalantari1334@gmail.com
10
Mohammad Kamali
kamali@mkamali.com
11
Ramin Kordi
ramin_kordi@tums.ac.ir
12
Hossein Malek-Afzali
malekafzali@tums.ac.ir
13
Ali Montazeri
montazeri@acecr.ac.ir
14
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh
mazmoradi@yahoo.com
15
Department of Epidemiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Physiology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Medical School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Occupational Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Health, Municipality of Tehran, Iran.
Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Oral Public Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rehabilitation Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sports Medicine Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Current evidence consistently confirm inequalities in health status among
socioeconomic groups, gender, ethnicity, geographical area and other social
determinants of health (SDH), which adversely influence health of the
population. SDH refer to a wide range of factors not limited to social
component, but also involve economic, cultural, educational, political or
environmental problems. Measuring inequalities, improving daily living
conditions, and tackling inequitable distribution of resources are highly
recommended by international SDH commissioners in recent years to ‘close the
gaps within a generation’. To measure inequalities in socio-economic
determinants and core health indicators in Tehran, the second round of Urban
Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2) was conducted in
November 2011, within the main framework of WHO Centre for Health Development
(Kobe Centre). Method:
For ‘assessment’ part of the project, 65 indicators in six policy domains
namely ‘physical and infrastructure’, ‘human and social’, ‘economic’,
‘governance’, ‘health and nutrition’, and also ‘cultural’ domain were targeted either
through a population based survey or using routine system. Survey was conducted
in a multistage random sampling, disaggregated to 22 districts and 368
neighborhoods of Tehran, where data of almost 35000 households (118000
individuals) were collected. For ‘response’ part of the project, widespread
community based development (CBD) projects were organized in all 368
neighborhoods, which are being undertaken throughout 2013. Conclusion:
Following the first round of Urban HEART project in 2008, the second round was
conducted to track changes over time, to institutionalize inequality assessment
within the local government, to build up community participation in
‘assessment’ and ‘response’ parts of the project, and to implement appropriate
and evidence-based actions to reduce health inequalities within all
neighborhoods of Tehran.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1962-en.pdf
Health inequality
Urban HEART
Social determinants of health
Community based development.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
233
235
article
Multiple lumbar vertebral fractures following a single idiopathic seizure in an otherwise healthy patient a case report
Ebrahim Ghayem Hasankhani
1
Farzad Omidi-Kashani
omidif@mums.ac.ir
2
Orthopedic Research Center, Orthopedic department, Imam Reza Hospital, MashhadUniversity of Medical science, Mashhad, Iran.
Orthopedic Research Center, Orthopedic department, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical science, Mashhad, Iran.
It
has been reported that fractures are more common in epileptic patients relative
to the general population. Seizures by repeated muscular contractions can
increase fracture risk throughout the skeleton, but the reported papers about
non traumatic vertebral fractures following a single episode of seizure are
rare and mostly located in thoracic spine with only one or two vertebral
fracture. The case we reported here was a 42 year old otherwise healthy man who
had three vertebral fractures due to a single idiopathic seizure affected the
lumbar region with no previous history of underlying disease, trauma, or drug
use.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1961-en.pdf
Seizure
Vertebral fracture
Non-traumatic fracture.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
229
232
article
Harlequin ichthyosis in a neonate born with assisted reproductive technology: a case report
Roya Farhadi
dr.royafarhadi@gmail.com
1
Seyyed Habib Kazemi
dr.ss.kazemi@gmail.com
2
Pediatric department of Booali-Sina Hospital, MazandaranUniversity of Medical science, Sari, Iran.
Mazandaran University of Medical science, Sari, Iran
Harlequin
ichthyosis is a rare and the most severe form of congenital ichthyosis.
Although prenatal diagnosis is difficult for this disorder, recently, this
obstacle has markedly improved with the use of DNA-based prenatal diagnosis.
Here in, we presented a neonate with harlequin ichthyosis born by assisted
reproductive technology (ART). In this case, the diagnosis of harlequin
ichthyosis was not established by conventional prenatal screening.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1960-en.pdf
Harlequin ichthyosis
Harlequin fetus
Assisted reproductive technology
Prenatal diagnosis
In vitro fertilization.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
225
228
article
Review of the training program of pediatric residents: is it appropriate for their future careers?
Hossein Moravej
drmoravej@yahoo.com
1
Seyed Mohsen Dehghani
2
Department of Pediatrics, Nemazee Teaching Hospital, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Nemazee Teaching Hospital, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Background:
Training of pediatric residents is a dynamic process which should be changed as
the nature and epidemiology of pediatric diseases change. In this study, we
compared the training program of the pediatric residents with the disorders of
the pediatric patients who had referred to pediatric offices. Methods:
The study was conducted in pediatric offices in Shiraz, South of Iran. The main
complaints of all the patients who were referred to these offices in the first
3 days of the four seasons of the year were recorded. Finally, descriptive
statistics was used to determine the frequency of different complaints among
these patients. Results:
There are 58 Pediatrics offices in Shiraz and 37 offices completed the
questioners (64%). The most frequent complaints of the patients were related to
infections, especially respiratory and gastrointestinal ones. Nutritional and
growth problems were other frequent complaints. Nonetheless, a high number of
the patients were referred due to skin, eye, or ear problems or for check up of
the baby. Conclusion:
There is an important training–practice problem in the curriculum of pediatric
residents. Thus, we suggest decreasing the periods of inpatient subspecialty
training and increasing the period of outpatient dermatology, ophthalmology,
otolaryngology, and well-baby clinics.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1959-en.pdf
Training
pediatric residents
complaints.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
215
224
article
Marjolin\'s ulcer: clinical and pathologic features of 83 cases and review of literature
Mohammad Sadegh Fazeli
mhfazeli@sina.tums.ac.ir
1
Amir Hosein Lebaschi
ah_lebaschi@razi.tums.ac.ir
2
Morvarid Hajirostam
morehaj@yahoo.com
3
Mohammad Reza Keramati
dr_morezak@yahoo.com
4
Department of Surgery, Imam medical complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Department of Surgery, Imam medical complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Surgery, Imam medical complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Surgery, Imam medical complex, Tehran University of MedicalSciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Marjolin's ulcer is a rare, aggressive condition that arises on chronic skin
lesions and diseases. In this article, we will report 83 cases of this disease. Methods:
Retrospectively, we retrieved 83 records of patients with cancer arising from
chronic skin conditions. Data concerning demography, type of original skin
insult, time interval between original lesion and cancer, cancer histology, and
lymph node involvement were recorded. Results:
The mean age was 55.30 years (range: 21-90). There were 51 males (61.5%) and 32
females (38.5%). Foot was the most prevalent site of primary skin lesion
(49.4%) followed by scalp (15.6%). Original skin insults were burn (87.9%),
osteomyelitis (2.4%), radiation (2.4%), electrical burn (1.2%), surgical scar
(2.4%), pemphigus (1.2%), bite (1.2%), and bed sore (1.2%). Histologic
diagnosis were well differentiated SCC (38.6%), SCC, differentiation not reported
(24.1%), moderately differentiated SCC (13.2%), BCC (9.6%), poorly differentiated
SCC (6.0%), melanoma (2.4%), verrucous carcinoma (2.4%), MFH (1.2%),
mucoepidermoid carcinoma (1.2%), and leiomyosarcoma (1.2%). Most of the cases
occurred more than 20 years after the initial skin insult. There were 6 (7.2%)
cases that developed within 1 year (acute Marjolin's Ulcer). Forty three
patients (69.3%) had palpable regional lymph nodes. Conclusion:
Data in this series were in confirmation with many other reports. Marjoln's
ulcer should be considered as a significant post-skin injury complication.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1958-en.pdf
Marjolin\'s ulcer
Burn
Chronic skin disease.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
210
214
article
Treatment of segmental vitiligo with normal-hair follicle autograft
MirHadi Aziz Jalali
researchdermatology@yahoo.com
1
Babak Jafari
babakjafari@tums.ac.ir
2
Mansour Isfahani
isfahanim@ tums.ac.ir
3
Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh
mohammadalinilforoushzadeh@yahoo.com
4
Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and Dermatology Department, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and Dermatology Department, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Medical school, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University ofMedical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Segmental vitiligo is a small subset albeit persistent form of focal vitiligo
with dermatomal distribution and resistant to medical therapy. In recent years,
surgical therapy as hair follicle autograft transplantation has been a hot
topic in management of segmental vitiligo. In this study, we evaluated the
efficacy of this method in segmental vitiligo lesions. Methods:
The study recruited 10 patients who suffered from resistant segmental
vitiligo to evaluate the effect of transplantation of pigmented hair follicles
on re-pigmentation of the affected area. In this method, one or two punched-biopsy
skin sample with a diameter of 5mm were harvested from occipital area of the
scalps. Grafts were trimmed and divided into the follicular segments with at
least one follicle in the interior and then inserted in the depigmented areas.
Follow-up plan studies were scheduled to evaluate presence of pigmentation in
the perifollicular areas. Results:
After 2 weeks, re-pigmentation was detectable surrounding the grafted hair
follicles in 60 % of the cases. After 6 months, all of the patients had
detectable re-pigmented area of about 2-9 mm. Conclusion:
giving the surprising result of the study, hair follicle autograft transplant
is an effective treatment option in the persistent segmental vitiligo.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1957-en.pdf
Vitiligo
Surgical therapy
Hair follicle
Autologous transplantation.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
204
209
article
The association between dietary antioxidant intake and semen quality in infertile men
Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
azadnajarzadeh@ssu.ac.ir
1
Abdolrasoul Mehrsai
mehrsai@yahoo.com
2
Ebrahim Mostafavi
Eb_mostafavi@yahoo.com
3
Mahmood Reza Gohari
mgohari@iums.ac.ir
4
Farzad Shidfar
farzadshidfar@yahoo.com
5
Nutritionist, Department of Nutrition, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Department of Statistics & Mathematics, Hospital Management Research Center, IranUniversity of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Oxidative stress is detrimental to semen quality and has a significant role in
the etiology of male subfertility. Methods:
Dietary intake of antioxidants were compared between thirty two men with
oligolastheno/ teratazoospermic (cases) and 32 normospermic volunteers
(controls) attending fertility clinic in Mirza Koochak-khan Hospital in Tehran,
Iran. All participants were nonsmokers and matched according their age and Body
Mass Index (BMI). Nutrient consumption was calculated using a semi-
quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Semen samples were collected and
were assessed by measuring volume, concentration, motility and morphology. Results:
infertile subjects had a significantly lower intake of zinc and folate compare
to control ones (p<0.001). Dietary intake of vitamin C and E was lower than
recommended values in 59.4% of case group that was significantly different from
control ones (p<0.05). In control group, 36.4 and 40.9% of participants had
insufficient dietary intake of vitamin C and E, respectively. Significant
correlations were found between folate (r=0.5, p<0.001), zinc (r=0.6,
p<0.001) and percentage of motility and also between vitamin E and
morphology (r=0.3, p=0.03), zinc and concentration (r=0.4, p=0.004) in all
participants. Conclusion:
In summary, a low intake of folate, zinc, and vitamin E were related to poor
sperm concentration and motility.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1956-en.pdf
Dietary antioxidant
Male infertility
Oligasthenoteratozoospermia.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
195
203
article
Effects of ageing on speed and temporal resolution of speech stimuli in older adults
Zahra Jafari
jafari.@iums.ac.ir
1
Shaghayegh Omidvar
shomidvar.audio@gmail.com
2
Fateme Jafarloo
fateme.jafarloo@yahoo.com
3
Rehabilitation Research Center (RRC), Department of Basic Sciencesin Rehabilitation, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Audiology, School ofRehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Audiology, School ofRehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
According to previous studies, most of the speech recognition disorders in
older adults are the results of deficits in audibility and auditory temporal
resolution. In this paper, the effect of ageing on timecompressed speech and
auditory temporal resolution by word recognition in continuous and interrupted
noise was studied. Methods:
A time-compressed speech test (TCST) was conducted on 30 young and 32 older
adults with normal hearing thresholds. Lists of monosyllabic words were used at
three time compression ratios. Auditory temporal resolution was determined by
measuring the monosyllabic word recognition score (WRS), in the presence of continuous
and interrupted noise, at three signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns). Results:
There was a significant difference in TCST scores at the three compression
ratios within and between young and older adult groups (p< 0.001). Similar
results were obtained in WRSs at the three S/Ns in the presence of interrupted
and continuous noise (p< 0.001), and in the degree of auditory temporal
resolution (p=0.007). A significant correlation was found between the level of
test difficulty of TCST with WRSs in both young (r = 0.549, P=0.002) and older
adults (r= 0.531, P=0.003). Conclusion:
Our results showed that ageing remarkably affects the processing of fast speech
stimuli and temporal resolving ability. These results are more supportive of
the effect of ageing on speech perception than on loss of hearing.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1955-en.pdf
Ageing
Time-compressed speech
Word recognition score
Auditory temporal resolution
Interrupted noise
Continuous noise.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
186
194
article
Sellar reconstruction algorithm in endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: experience with 240 cases
Maryam Jalessi
jalessimd@gmail.com
1
Guive Sharifi
gsharifimd@gmail.com
2
Mohammad Rasool Mirfallah Layalestani
mirfallahi@gmail.com
3
Ebrahim Amintehran
amintehran@ent-hns.org
4
Parin Yazdanifard
parinyazdanifard@yahoo.com
5
Omidvar Rezaee Mirghaed
6
Mohammad Farhadi
Farhadi@ent-hns.org
7
Endoscopic Pituitary and Skull Base Surgery Unit, ENT-Head and Neck Surgery ResearchCenter and Department, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endoscopic Pituitary and Skull Base Surgery Unit, ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Research Center and Department, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and Neurosurgery Department, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Research Center and Department, Rasool Akram Hospital,Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endoscopic Pituitary and Skull Base Surgery Unit, ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Research Center and Department, Rasool AkramHospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Neurosurgery Department, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endoscopic Pituitary and Skull Base Surgery Unit, ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Research Centerand Department, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Proposing a strategy for sellar reconstruction in endoscopic transsphenoidal
transsellar approach for pituitary adenoma. Methods:
240 patients with pituitary adenoma underwent pure endoscopic endonasal
transsphenoidal surgery. Intra-operative CSF leaks were classified as grade 0,
no observable leak grade 1, CSF dripping through an arachnoid membrane defect
of less than 1 mm and grade 2, CSF flowing through an arachnoid defect of more
than 1 mm. Sellar reconstruction was performed according to our staging system
in stage I, the defect was covered with oxidized cellulose and sphenoid sinus
filled up with Gelfoam. In stage II, a layer of fat was applied on the defect
and fascia lata placed epidurally. In stage III, one or two layers of fascia
were used with adding surgical glue and/or lumbar drainage. Mucosa of sphenoid
sinuses was kept intact as much as possible and approximated at the end of
procedure. Result:
intra-operative CSF leaks grade 0, 1 and 2 resulted in 133(55.4%), 78 (32.5%)
and 29(12.1%) patients, respectively. Stage I of reconstruction was used in 126
patients (52.5%) with no intra-operative CSF leak or sever prolapse of
arachnoid membrane. Stage II was performed in 80 patients (33.3%) with either
leak grade 1 (73 patients) or grade 0 with severe prolapse of the suprasellar
components induced in the sella (2 cases) or in whom extra-pseudocapsular
dissection performed (5 cases). Stage III was performed in 34 cases (14.2%)
with either CSF leak grade 2 (29 patients) or grade 1 with simultaneous severe
destruction or removal of sellar floor laterally, superiorly or inferiorly (5
patients) which made it impossible to place the fascia underlay to the bone. A
minimum of 18 months follow-up showed development of 2 CSF leaks (0.8%), one
pneumocephalus (0.4%) and 2 meningitis (0.8%) cases. Conclusion:
Given the low postoperative CSF leak rate, we demonstrated that our adopted
sellar reconstruction strategy focusing mostly on the adopted intra-operative
CSF leak grading system is safe and useful for overcoming devastating
complications like postoperative CSF leaks.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1954-en.pdf
Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery
reconstruction
cerebrospinal fluid leak.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
179
185
article
Trend of diseases among Iranian pilgrims during five consecutive years based on a Syndromic Surveillance System in Hajj
Seyed Mansour Razavi
razavy@sina.tums.ac.ir
1
Ahmad Sabouri-Kashani
Sabourika@yahoo.com
2
Hossein Ziaee-Ardakani
drhziai@gmail.com
3
Aminreza Tabatabaei
aminrezataba@yahoo.com
4
Mojgan Karbakhsh
mkarbakh@tums.ac.ir
5
Hamidreza Sadeghipour
sadeghipour@sina.tums.ac.ir
6
Seyed Abdolreza Mortazavi-Tabatabaei
rtaba@yahoo.com
7
Payman Salamati
psalamati@sina.tums.ac.ir
8
Department of Community Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Hajj Medical Center, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Every year more than 2 million people depart from Iran to Saudi Arabia for Hajj
ritual which can be faced with some different diseases. There are not much
information about frequencies and trend of diseases in Hajj. The main objective
of this study was to determine the trend of prevalent diseases during five
consecutive Hajj rituals among Iranian pilgrims. Methods:
We established a specific surveillance system for all Iranian pilgrims who had
participated in Hajj from 2004 to 2008. We monitored the pilgrims’ health
status before departure, through their journey. The understudied diseases were
19 selected types of diseases in the Hajj. The occurrences of diseases were
recorded on a researchers-made questionnaire. We used chi-square test for analysis
with the alpha lower than 5% to reject the null hypothesis. Results:
During 5 consecutive periods, a total of 254,823 of Iranian pilgrims were
monitored for more common diseases with this system. The most prevalent
diseases were as follows: at least one type of respiratory involvement (71.26%),
common cold like syndrome (47.15%), and musculoskeletal disorders (18.67%), The
frequency of respiratory involvement was lower in 2006 than other years (p
<0.001).There were statistically significant differences between the numbers
of hospitalization and patients who were referred back to Iran with the year of
Hajj (p <0.001). Conclusion:
Health managers should be informed about trend and frequency of more prevalent
diseases in Hajj. Easy access to health information via such surveillance
system can be possible.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1952-en.pdf
Disease
prevalence
respiratory disorders
Iran
Saudi Arabia
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
168
178
article
Trend of smoking among students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences: results from four consecutive surveys from 2006 to 2009
Masoumeh Amin-Esmaeili
m.aminesmaeeli@farabi.tums.ac.ir
1
Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
rahimia@tums.ac.ir
2
Masud Yunesian
yunesian@tums.ac.ir
3
Elaheh Sahimi-Izadian
elahehsizadian@yahoo.com
4
Mahdieh Moinolghorabaei
moin.drm@yahoo.co.uk
5
Department for Mental Health and Substance Use, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department for Mental Health and Substance Use,Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University ofMedical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research and School ofPublic Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA) Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Smoking within students community of the medical sciences can negatively impact the attitudes of the society in future. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and trends of smoking among students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Method: This study was conducted in four consecutive years from 2006 to 2009. The study sample was taken from the first- to fourth-year, undergraduate and graduate (doctorate) students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Census was applied for sampling. Structured questionnaires were distributed to students of each class. The study was anonymous and self-administered. Results: From 2006 to 2009, a total of 1568 to 1761 students participated in the study each year. Over the study period, i.e. 2006-2009, the prevalence of cigarette smoking was decreased (the overall prevalence was 12.5% in 2006, 12.9% in 2007, 10.8% in 2008, and 10.5% in 2009). The corresponding values for the one month prevalence were 8.2%, 7.8%, 6.1%, and 5.8%, while those for the prevalence of daily smoking were 3.4%, 4.0%, 2.9%, and 1.8%, respectively. The decreasing trend was particularly more significant for female students. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the prevalence of smoking among students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences was in the lower end of the spectrum, in comparison to other universities in Iran and other countries. Additionally, similar to the pattern observed in the developed world, this trend was decreasing, particularly among girls. Implementing preventive measures for accelerating the decreasing trend, as well as continuous monitoring is recommended.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1937-en.pdf
Tobacco
Prevalence
Epidemiology
Medical Students
Iran.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2013-11
27
4
163
167
article
New method for fixation point of tibialis posterior tendon transfer
Ali Yeganeh
dryeganeali@yahoo.com
1
Arash Motaghi
drarash54@yahoo.com
2
Gholamreza Shahhoseini
gholamreza.sh@yahoo.com
3
Hosein Farahini
hoseini.f@yahoo.com
4
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hamedan University of Medical Sciences,Hamedan, Iran.
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: The transfer of the tibialis posterior tendon to the dorsum of foot can restore the function of the paralyzed dorsiflexor muscles of the foot and ankle. In order to reduce the wound complication in the insertion site of tendon to bone by a plantar knop we used a new method of fixation by an absorbable screw inserted dorsally. Methods: we performed this operation on 15 patients in a 3 years period. All patients had drop foot deformity due to irreversible lesions of the peroneal nerve. The inclusion criteria was the peroneal nerve palsy that was not improved after 18 months even by using nerve releasing or nerve repairing. All patients were evaluated after 6 months for ankle function and wound complications. Result: Of 15 patients one was excluded from study. At 6 month ten patients got excellent score (66%) and 4 good score (26%) further ankle function. There was no wound complication at insertion site. Conclusion: This simple modification for insertion site fixation had good result in restoring ankle function whiles eliminated the possibility of plantar pressure sores caused by fixation knop.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1935-en.pdf
Foot drop deformity
Tibialis posterior tendon
Peroneal nerve palsy.