eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
357
358
article
PATTERN OF MALIGNANT TUMORS IN KERMAN PROVINCE (EXCEPT RAFSANJAN CITY), 1996-1999
Ali Zare Mehrjardi
1
Dept. of Pathology, Bahonar Hospital, Kerman, 76137, Iran.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-675-en.pdf
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
353
355
article
VISCERAL LE ISHMANIASIS (KALA-AZAR) WI TH A RARE MANIFESTATI ON OF SUBMENTAL ADENOPATHY
MH BARADARANFAR
1
F BEINESH
2
From the Depts. Of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and Pathology, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I.R. Iran.
From the Depts. Of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and Pathology, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, I.R. Iran.
Visceral leishmaniasis is a protozoar disease caused by L.donovani. Transmission
to humans (incidental host) occurs via insect bite and the phlebotomous (female
sand-fly) transmits the disease.
Common presentations of the disease include hepatomegaly and splenomegaly,
but fever, chills and night sweats may be part of the disease's symptoms. Lymphadenopathy
without systemic manifestations is a very rare presentation of the disease.
We hereby present a 9 year old boy in whom the only presentation of visceral
leishmaniasis in him was a 2x 1.5 cm submental mass without any signs or symptoms.
After excisional biopsy Leishmaniasis was confirmed and the patient underwent medical
management that resulted in complete recovery.
Visceral leishmaniasis must be considered as a cause of lymphadenopathy in endemic
areas.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-674-en.pdf
Leishmaniasis
Lymphadenopathy.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
347
352
article
GASTROESOPHAGEAL LE IOMYOMATOSIS IN A YOUNG WOMAN WITH V ULVAR LEIOMYOMATOSIS AND GALLSTONE DISEASE: REPORT OF A RARE CASE
ALIREZA TAVASSOLI
1
FATEMEH TAVASSOLI
2
NORIE SHARIF
3
ALI SADRIZADEH
4
From the Department of Surgery, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad, Iran.
Gastroesophageal-vul var leiomyomatosis is a very rare condition it is characterized
by diffuse, ill-defined proliferation of smooth muscle in the esophagus and vulva.
We present an interesting case of esophageal leiomyomatosis in a woman with a
history of vulvar leiomyomatosis and a gall bladder full of stones. She was 18-years old
and had a 4 year history of vulvar mass and clitoromegaly, with subclinical dysphagia.
This paper represents the first reported simultaneous occurrence of these three pathologic
entities in the English literature.
Esophago-vulvar leiomyomatosis should be considered in a young patient with
vulvar mass and long-standing dysphagia in whom a smooth, tapered esophageal narrowing
on barium study and circumferential esophageal wall thickening on CT scan are
seen. An esophagectomy combined with a reconstruction procedure is indicated.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-673-en.pdf
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
343
346
article
ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT IN A CASE OF KLIPPEL-FElL SYNDROME AND LITERATURE REVIEW
ZAHID HUSSAIN KHAN
1
HASSAN REZA KHODADADI
2
PAYAM EGHTESADI-ARAGHI
payameghtesadi@hotmail.com
3
From the Department of Anesthesiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197, Iran.
Klippel-Feil syndrome is known by the classic triad of shortness of the neck ,
limitation of neck movements, and a low posterior hairline. There are often accompanying
cervical spinal abnormalities such as kyphoscoliosis as well as urogenital and
cardiac abnormalities.
Presented here we have a 20 year old young man with hypoesthesia and decreased
motor function in the right hand. The problem began one year back following a
minor head trauma and had a progressive course involving the legs, especially the feet.
Cervical magnetic resonance imaging was compatible with C3-C4 cord compression
as well as blocked vertebrae. The patient was evaluated to be in Mallampati class II.
Endotracheal intubation was performed employing gentle manual axial traction in both
anterior and posterior operative approaches without any neurological sequela. It is
recommended that in situations where fiberoptic or Bullard laryngoscopes are not available
and Mallampati class is low, direct laryngoscopy associated with gentle axial traction
may be a plausible substitute.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-672-en.pdf
Klippel-Feil syndrome
Endotracheal intubation
Axial traction
Cervical spine instability.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
337
341
article
EFFECT OF AMYGDALUS COMMUNIS ON GROWTH AND TOXIN PRODUCTION OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE
RAMAZAN ALI ATAEE KACHOEE
ataee@bmsu.ac.ir
1
QHORBAN BEHZADIAN NEJAD
2
From the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Military Medicine Institute, Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
It is known that the major etiologic agent of pseudomembranous colitis in
man is Clostridium difficile. With respect to traditional use of almond paste in the
treatment of infantile diarrhea, we studied the effects of the aqueous extract of
Amygdalus communis (AEAC) on the growth and toxin production of Clostridium
difficile in culture medium and the rabbit ligated ileal loop.
Three groups of male New Zealand white rabbits (1.5 -2 kg) were used in this
study and ligated segments of the small intestine (4 -5cm) were prepared and injected
with 1 mL of 24 hour extract culture filtrate, a mixture of vegetative cells of Clostridium
difficile and different concentrations of AEAC, 1 mL mixture of purified toxins (A and
B) and AEAC, and 1mL suspension of bacterium (10000 CFU/mL) alone.
The results of this study revealed that AEAC at a concentration above 80 mg/mL
completely inhibited the growth of Clostridium difficile. Although concentrations below
80 mg/mL of AEAC did not inhibit bacterial growth, synthesis or excretion of
toxins A and B were inhibited. Injection of the mixture of AEAC and toxins A and B into
the ligated segments of the small intestine yielded a positive result with no fluid accumulation
at a level acceptable for diarrhea in comparison with positive controls (p<0.0 1).
In conclusion, although inoculation of bacterial suspension plus AEAC into the
ileum of the animal model prevented colonization, growth, and toxin production, the
results varied according to the concentration of both AEAC and number of viable
bacteria. Thus, the significance of these results relative to the use of almond paste in
prevention of gastrointestinal disease due to Clostridium difficile, requires further study
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-671-en.pdf
Clostridium difficile
Toxin A and B
Pseudomembranous colitis
Amygdalus communis.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
331
336
article
PHOSPHOLIPID ANALOGUE DISTRIBUTIONS OF IRANIAN ISOLATES OF CANDIDA
ALI ZAREI MAHMOUDABADI
zarei40@hotmail.com
1
DAVID B. DRUCKER
2
From the Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
The University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
The aim of this study was to analyse polar lipids of Candida species isolated
from Ahwaz (Iran) by Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry (FAB MS).
Nine isolates of Candida Sp. were identified by growth at 45°C, production of
chlamydoconidia on cornmeal agar, colonial colour on CHROMagar Candida,
germ tube production and ID 32C kits. Then polar lipids were extracted from
freeze-dried cultures and analysed using FAB MS. The most intense carboxylate
and phospholipid molecular species anions were of m/z 281 (CI 8:1) and miz 51 5
(PA 23:2). However, the most intense carboxylate and phospholipid analogues in
Candida parapsilosis were 292 (Un) and 555 (PA 26:3), which differed from
other yeasts. Isolates were grouped by single linkage clustering based on correlation
coefficient for strain pairs calculated with carboxylate and phospholipid
molecular species distributions. FAB MS can differentiate the C. albicans based
on analysis of polar lipid distributions. These findings support that differentiation
between C. albicans and other species is possible based on polar lipids.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-670-en.pdf
Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry
Candida
Phospholipid
Fatty acid.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
319
324
article
VASODILATOR EFFECTS OF ACETYLCHOLINE IN AN EXPERIMEN TAL MODEL OF HEART FAILURE
M MOHAMMADI NAGHADEH
1
JC MCGRATH
2
From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R. Iran,
the Clinical Research Initiative ill Heart Failure, West Medical Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G21 8QQ
The purpose of the work presented here was to investigate endotheliumdependent
relaxations in the rabbit coronary ligation model of heart failure. We
investigated endothelium-dependent relaxations at the level of larger vessels (thoracic
aorta and vena cava left renal artery and left renal vein lateral saphenous
artery and lateral saphenous vein and finally central ear artery and marginal ear
vein) in a model devised to mimic heart failure. The model presented here i s the
rabbit coronary ligation model in which myocardial infarction was produced in
male New Zealand white rabbits (2.6kg-3.0kg) by ligation of the marginal branch
of the left descending coronary artery. The development of chronic heart failure
was allowed to proceed over eight weeks. Animals were killed by overdose with
pentobarbitone sodium (i.v. injection). Arteries and veins were carefully removed
with as little connective tissue as possible and placed i n cold physiological salt
solution (PSS). The arterial and venous rings were mounted in 10mL isolated
organ baths, bathed in Krebs maintained at 37°C and gassed with 95% 02 plus 5%
CO2 , The rings were then placed under different resting tensions. Acetylcholine
(ACh) was chosen as endothelium-dependent vasodilator. After initial application
of tension, tissues were left to equilibrate for a 60 min period. Then all tissues
were precontracted with noradrenaline (1µM) nearly ten minutes before initial
application of vasodilator. This induced submaximal contraction in all vessels
with the exception of the ear vein. When the noradrenaline-induced contraction
reached a plateau, cumulative concentration-response curves (CCRC) to acetylcholine
were obtained by increasing the concentration in half-log increments. The
results led to two major conclusions with respect to the model. First, the relaxation
responses to acetylcholine were not impaired. Second, the results of our experiments in
this model of heart failure suggest that normal stimulation of endothelial NO is preserved
in peripheral conduit and capacitance vessels.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-669-en.pdf
Heart failure
Endothelium-dependent relaxation
Acetylcholine.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
315
318
article
PREPARATION OF ENRICHED IMMUNOGLOBULIN M AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN A FROM HUMAN PLASMA
KAMRAN MOUSAVI HOSSEINI
1
MOJGAN POURMOKHTAR
2
RASSOUL DINAR VAND
3
HOURI REZVAN
4
MOHAMMAD ALI JALILI
5
From the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center and Iranian Blood Research and Fractionation Co., Tehran
the Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
the Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
From the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center and Iranian Blood Research and Fractionation Co., Tehran
From the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center and Iranian Blood Research and Fractionation Co., Tehran
As IgM and IgA-enriched preparations are needed to complete the immunotherapeutic
spectrum, a simple procedure is described for the preparation of IgM and IgA enriched
immunoglobulins. Fraction III which was prepared by cold ethanol fractionation
was treated by octanoic acid followed by ethanol precipitation and ion-exchange
chromatography using Sephadex DEAE A-50 and 0.1 M tris-D.35M NaCI buffer, pH
8.1, resulting in recovery of 85 % IgM, 84% IgA and 33 % IgG. The comparison of our
results with immunoglobulins' percentage in plasma indicates that IgM and IgA -enrichment
was obtained by three times.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-668-en.pdf
Immunoglobulin; IgM; IgA; Enrichment; Ion exchange chromatography.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
309
314
article
THE EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTICS ON LPS RELEASE FROM SALMONELLA TYPHI AND I T S RELATION TO TNF-a, PRODUCTION BY HUMAN WHOLE BLOOD, "EX-VIVO"
GHOLAMREZA SHAJARI
shajari@dr.com
1
BAHMAN ABARAEI
2
ABDOLFATTAH SARRAFNEJAD
3
From the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Department of Bacterial Vaccine and Antigen Production, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Hygiene, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
It seems that rapid destruction of gram negative bacteria by antibiotics contributes
to the clinical deterioration of some patients with gram negative infections. Antibiotics
increase the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in blood and cerebrospinal
fluids. Released LPS can activate blood cells to produce tumor necrosis factor-alpha
(TNF-a) and other cytokines. TNF-a appears to be a major mediator in development
of fever, hypotension, multi-organ failure and death.
In this research, standard Salmonella typhi Ty 2 -5536, a pathogenic Salmonella
and standard Escherichia coli K12,QD5003 for comparing, were incubated in
the presence of chloramphenicol, ampicillin and'co-trimoxazole at concentrations that
killed >99.9% of organisms as determined by quantitative culture techniques.
The results obtained showed that chloramphenicol produced lower LPS levels
and lower TNF-a levels from whole blood cells when compared with those of ampicillin
and co-trimoxazole. Therefore chloramphenicol is the preferred antibiotic against S.
typhi because it decreases the induced-pathological effect of TNF-a in gram negative
infections.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1619-en.pdf
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay (LAL)
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-a)
Bioassay
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
305
308
article
LOW DOSE PREDNISOLONE WITH INCREASE IN DOSAGE INTERVAL IN FREQUENT RELAPSING NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN FALLAHZADEH
fallahzadeh@dr.com
1
HASHEMI GHAMAR
2
From the Department of Pediatrics, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
From the Department of Pediatrics, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
In order to avoid using cytotoxic drugs and to minimize prednisolone side effects
in frequent relapsing or steroid-dependent idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, 35 patients,
3 to 15 (mean= 8.1) years of age, were studied. While in remission for at least 6
weeks, the dose of prednisolone was reduced to 0.1-0.37 (mean= 0.23) mg/kg/day as
a single dose for 12 to 72 (mean= 27.6) months. It was followed by a tapering method,
with gradual increase in the interval instead of decrease in the dose for about 10 to 12
months, and about 18.4 months follow-up without treatment. About 54.3% of the patients
had no relapse during the treatment period and the relapse rate per patient per
year was 3.94 during the preceding 12 months before the study, 0.51 during treatment
(p<0.001) and 0.23 after discontinuation of the drug. Each relapse was treated by a
standard dose of prednisolone for 2 months and then the low dose regimen was resumed.
The patients tolerated the drug well with minimal side effects. It is concluded
that long term, low-dose daily prednisolone therapy followed by gradual increase in the
interval is a safe, well-tolerated and effective method of maintaining prolonged remission
in most children with frequent relapsing idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1617-en.pdf
Nephrotic syndrome
Low-dose prednisolone
Tapering
Frequent relapses
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
301
304
article
HIGH-DOSE ORAL PYRIDOXINE FOR TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC RECURRENT INTRACTABLE SEIZURES
JAVAD AKHOONDIAN
j-akhondian@mums.ac.ir
1
SAEED TALEBI
2
From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ghaem General Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical
From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ghaem General Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical
Intractable epilepsy is a common clinical problem in pediatrics and approximately
13% of children with epilepsy experience intractable seizures. To determine
the efficacy of pyridoxine in treating seizures, 30 infants and children with
recurrent seizures were enrolled in the present study. All of them were treated
with high-dose oral pyridoxine (40 mg/kg/day), as an adjunct to antiepileptic drugs.
Clinical efficacy criteria were based on the daily frequency of seizures after
therapy was initiated during the following three weeks.
The results indicated that the mean frequency of seizures decreased significantly
from the first (16.2±11) to the fourth visit (7±6.2) (p<O.OOl, t=4). Three patients
became completely seizure free. No adverse effects of pyridoxine were apparent
during the observation period.
We conclude that pyridoxine is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated adjunct
to routine antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of recurrent intractable seizures in
children.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1615-en.pdf
Intractable seizure
Pyridoxine
Antiepileptic
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
297
300
article
CHANGING OF STUDENTS\' VIEWS TOWARD ADDICTION BY SELF -INTRODUCED DRUG ABUSERS AND THEIR FAMILIES
JALAL YOUNESI
1
MOHAMMAD REZA MOHAMMADI
jyounesi@uswr.ac.ir.
2
From the Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare Tehran, and the National Research Center of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
From the Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare Tehran, and the National Research Center of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
A group of high school students attended 7 educational sessions for a preventive
drug abuse program. The students were exposed to drug abusers and their
families. Drug abusers and their families informed the subjects about the consequences
of addiction in their life: how they became addicted and how the addiction worsened
their psychosocial life. Moreover their families explained to students the miserable situation
of their family after addiction of one of the family members. Each session took
about 70 minutes and the students were allowed to ask questions concerning addiction
from drug abusers and their families.
The results of pre-test and post-test of students' views toward addiction showed
significant differences between the students' views before and after attending the sessions,
and their views became more negative than before attending the sessions. The
results were interpreted through social comparison (downward)I theory and the Iranian
proverb once again prevailed: If you would like to learn morality, you should learn
it from people who don't behave on morality.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1613-en.pdf
Addiction
social comparison
preventive program
Iranian proverb
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
293
296
article
HEARING LOSS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
MM GHASEMI
Ghasemi-M M @ MUMS.ac.ir
1
M BAKHSHAEI
2
A SAHEB JAMEI
3
From the Department of Otolaryngology and Nephrology, Ghaem Medical Centel; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Inner ear cells are sensitive to some metabolic and hormonal disorders, but
the relation between chronic renal failure (CRF), regular dialysis treatment (RDT)
and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is still a debatable field. The object of this
paper was to verify the presence of SNHL in patients submitted to hemodialysis
with different duration due to CRF and in those submitted to conservative treatments
compared to normal controls. Sixteen chronic renal failure patients, thirty CRF
patients with different duration of hemodialysis (14 cases less than 5 years, 9 cases
between 5 to 10 years and 7 cases more than 10 years) and sixteen controls were
studied according to clinical exam, pure tone audiometry and immitanciometry. The
hearing acuity in the CRF groups compared to the normal group showed impairment,
mainly in 4 and 8 kHz. There was no statistically significant difference in hearing acuity
between CRF patients on RDT and those with conservative management.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-667-en.pdf
Sensorineural hearing loss
Chronic renal failure
Hemodialysis
Audiometry.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
289
292
article
PREPARATION OF FIBRIN GLUE AS A BIOLOGICAL SEALANT TO CONTROL BLEEDING IN HEART MUSCLE AND BLOOD VESSELS
S.A.H JAHANMEHR
1
S.H AHMADI
2
M.A MOHAGHEGHI
3
H AMANPOUR ZERAETI
4
SA EMAMI
5
From the Paramedical Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
From the Paramedical Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.
Fibrin glue is used for control of bleeding in various surgical procedures. In
this work the ability of fibrin glue to seal punctures in the vascular system is
demonstrated. Blood samples were taken from rabbits, fibrinogen was separated
and fibrin glue was eventually prepared. The rabbits were anesthetized and a midline
incision was carried out. The heart and abdominal aorta were exposed. Punctures
were made in different parts of the vascular system and bleeding was controlled
either with (test) or without (control) fibrin glue. Oozing was also tested
by scratching the rabbit's ears.
A minimum of 6 rabbits was employed for each experience. The mean bleeding
time using fibrin glue was found to be 37 seconds. This average without fibrin
glue was more than 3 minutes. This study shows the powerful effect of this biological
glue in bleeding control, and its routine use is therefore recommended,
especially in major surgery.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1661-en.pdf
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
285
288
article
SCREENING OF FETAL CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMAL ITIES BY OBSTETRIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN TEHRAN, IRAN
SR DADGAR
1
MH . BADAKHSH
2
A AMINI
3
SH DADGAR
4
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Early identification of fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities enables health
care providers to form an appropriate management plan for each patient. The
main objective of this study was to determine the role of ultrasonography in screening
and identifying fetuses at risk for chromosomal abnormalities.
A retrospective review of 6480 patients from the Obstetrics and Gynecology
ward of Firouzgar hospital in Tehran was undertaken. Computer databases of
patients were correlated to compare the results of the fetal ultrasonographic examination
with the cytogenetic results from amniocentesis. Univariate and multivariate
analyses were used to determine the best correlations between ultrasonography
findings and chromosomal abnormalities.
Thirty-seven chromosomal abnormalities were found in 6480 fetuses (0.57%).
Down syndrome was the most common finding with trisomy 18 and 13 being the
next two most common abnormal findings. Multivariate analysis showed significant
correlations between anomalies of the central nervous system, heart, face
and neck, and extremities and increased nuchal fold, increased bowel echogenicity,
abnormal biparietal diameter to femur ratio and the presence of chromosomal
abnormalities (p value<O.OO l).
Analysis of data indicated that the presence of any kind of ultrasonographic
abnormality increases significantly the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities.
It is also suggested that a normal ultrasonographic examination in an otherwise
at -risk patient will significantly reduce the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-666-en.pdf
Ultrasonography
Chromosomal abnormalities
Genetic amniocentesis and fetal anomalies.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
277
283
article
IMPACT OF IODIZED OIL INJECTION DURING PREGNANCY ON THYROID FUNCTION TESTS OF OFFSPRINGS
NAVID SAADAT
1
ROBABEH SHEIKH OLE SLAM
2
FEREIDOUN AZIZI
azizi@erc-iran.com.
3
From the Endocrine Research Center; Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
Previous studies have shown that injection of iodized oil in pregnant women
can be used as a prophylactic strategy for iodine deficiency disorders and may
improve the growth indices of their offspring. Since administration of pharmacological
doses of iodine may lead occasionally to large goiter and rarely to hypothyroidism,
in the present study the thyroid function tests of neonates and infants
born to women who had received 480 mg iodized oil intramuscularly during
pregnancy were assessed and compared to those of a control group.
Of 277 cord blood samples obtained from Mazandaran and Khohkiluyeh-Boyerahmad
provinces, 125 made up the case (injected) and 152 the control (noninjected)
group. Of 1026 blood samples of the neonates and infants from Mazandaran
province, 544 made up the case and 482 the control group. Serum T4, T3 and TSH
concentrations were measured with RIA kits.
In the cord blood samples, mean serum T4 in cases who had received iodized oil
was lower than that of the control group: 140±32 vs. 149±33 nmol/L, respectively
p<0.03. T3 and TSH were not however different. In the neonates and infants, T4 and T3
concentrations were significantly higher in the case than control group: 178±40 vs.
168±39 and 3.5±0.02 vs. 3.0±0.02 nmol/L, respecti vely, both p<0.001 1. In contrast,
TSH concentrations were lower in the experimental group in comparison to control:
2.6±2.2 vs. 3.1±2.9 mU/L, respectively p<0.001. Increased T3 and decreased TSH
were seen in infants of mothers who were injected in the second and third trimesters of
pregnancy.
Injection of iodized oil in pregnant women does not cause hypothyroidism in the
offspings, however it does cause a transient increase in serum thyroid hormones and a
decrease in TSH concentrations
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-665-en.pdf
Iodized oil
Pregnancy
Neonates
Thyroid function
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2004-02
17
4
271
275
article
STUDY ON THE HEPATOTOXICITY OF ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUGS IN 190 PATIE NTS WITH PULMONARY AND E XTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
NIKDOKHT TAGHAVI
1
HASSAN AFZALI
2
HAMID SOHRABPOUR
3
From the Department of Infectious Disease. Boo-Ali Hospital. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
the Department of Infectious Disease. Shahid Beheshti Hospital. Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Kashan
the Department of Medicine. Labafi-Nejad Hospital. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran. l.R. Iran.
Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases that affects humans. The cause of this
disease is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease affects approximately 8.8 million
people worldwide and led to over 3 million deaths in 1995.
95% of those affected and 98% of deaths occurred in developing countries. Hepatic
reactions constitute a major proportion of drug reactions to antituberculosis drugs
being reported in 4% of cases treated with rifampin/isoniazid and pyrazinamide in the
US A and 8-50% in India and developing countries.
For the purpose of identifying the hepatotoxicity of anti-tuberculous drugs, this
study was performed in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran
during 1994 to 1997.
The current descriptive study was performed on hospitalized patients diagnosed
as having active tuberculosis.
History was taken from all the patients and clinical signs were recorded. Three
sputum samples for mycobacterial acid fast stain examination and cultures (three consecutive
days) were sent to Pasteur Institute. Liver function tests (AST, ALT, alkaline
phosphatase, bilirubin, PT) were performed before treatment and repeated weekly for
two weeks then two weekly for the first two months and then monthly until the end of
treatment.
From a total of 262 patients during the study, 190 patients were studied. 51 %
were male and the rest were female.
The lowest rate of TB was in the age group less than 5 and the most frequent rate
ofTB was in the 56-65 years age group. 107 patients (56.2%) had active pulmonary
tuberculosis and 43.7% had extra-pulmonary TB. 44.2% had positive smear sputum,
22.1 % had positive biopsy, and 33.6% were diagnosed based on clinical findings, xrays
and other paraclinical tests. 25.7% of patients had increased ALT and AST following
the treatment, and in 4.7% of cases the increase was 4-5 times normal and in
3.6% 5 times normal, 8.4% had increase in bilirubin and 6.8% had increase in bilirubin
associated with increase in ALT and AST, 8.4% had increased alkaline phosphatase
and 7.6% had disturbance in PT.
Considering that 25.7% of the patients had increased levels of liver enzymes and
in 3.6% of them the increased level exceeded 5 times that of normal and also 6 cases of
7 were over 35 years old, therefore, anti-tuberculosis drug consumption, must be considered
more seriously in patients over the age of 35.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-663-en.pdf
Tuberculosis
liver enzyme
ALT
AST
Bilirubin
Isoniazid (INH)
Rifampin (RMP)
Pyrazinamide (PZA).