eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
267
269
article
FAMILIAL COLLOID CYST OF THE THIRD VENTRICLE: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
SOHRAB SADEGHI
1
GUIVE SHARIFI
guivesharifi@hotmail.com
2
ALI ALIASGARI
3
From the Dept. of Neurosurgery, Loghman-Hakim Medical Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
From the Dept. of Neurosurgery, Loghman-Hakim Medical Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Familial colloid cyst of the third ventricle is very rare. This is one of the two
largest families reported and the first in which all affected members are siblings.
One asymptomatic sister was found by screening, emphasizing the value of screening.
A brother and two sisters from a family consisting of three brothers and three
sisters who were diagnosed as having colloid cyst of the third ventricle are presented.
The index case like his sister underwent a tumor resection by middle frontal
gyrus approach. Brain CT scan was performed for the other first degree family
members for screening and colloid cyst was detected in another sister_
When two or more members of a family are affected, screening has an important
value for detecting other asymptomatic members with colloid cyst of the
third ventricle.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-694-en.pdf
colloid cyst
third ventricle
familial.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
263
265
article
ACUTE APPENDICITIS DUE TO METASTASIS OF PROSTATIC CARCINOMA
B ARYA
1
B GHAZI-MOGHADAM
2
MJ GOOLALIPOUR
3
R AZARHOOSH
4
*From the Departments of General Surgery Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, f.R. Iran.
Urology Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, f.R. Iran.
Histology and Embryology Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, f.R. Iran.
Pathology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, f.R. Iran.
A 70 year old male presented with right lower quadrant pain and anorexia for
about 72 hours prior to hospital admission. He underwent laparotomy with impression
of acute appendicitis. The operative finding was an inflamed tumoral
appendix without appendicular base involvement, and appendectomy was done.
The patient had an uneventful post-op course.
Due to the pathology report of prostatic carcinoma he underwent cystoscopy
and biopsy of prostate on the 4th post-op day. Histopathology of the appendix was
consistent with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the appendix with prostatic origin.
Histopathology of the prostatic specimen was consistent with high grade prostatic
adenocarcinoma.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-692-en.pdf
Appendix
Adenocarcinoma
Prostate.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
259
262
article
INVESTIGATION ON ANTI-GLUTAMIC ACID DECARBOXYLASE ANTIBODIES IN TYPE I DIABE TES MELLITUS
M MESSRIPOUR
m_messripour@yahoo.com
1
M HARATY
2
From the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch. Isfahan.
the Faculty of Phannacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Isfahan, Iran.
Antibodies directed against the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
are believed to be the main cause of destruction of pancreatic islet cells in type I
(insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. The enzyme was found both in the brain
and pancreatic beta cells. Although similarities in identity of GAD in human and
rat brain have been demonstrated, little is known about the interaction between
the enzyme and antiserum in type 1 diabetic patients. In the present study GAD
was partially purified from rat brain homogenate. The four-step procedure involves,
sequentially, an ultracentrifugation, DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite resin,
and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration chromatography. The enzyme activity was assayed
either manometrically or fluorimetrically. The results showed a positive
correlation between the rates of CO2 production with the changes of fluorescence
intensities of the enzyme after addition of glutamate. The collected fraction from
the gel filtration chromatography showed approximately 140-fold purification of
the enzyme with a 15% yield. The specific activity of the enzyme of brain supernatant
and the partially purified enzyme collected from every chromatographic
step was measured upon addition of the serum samples from type I diabetes (n=II).
A marked decrease in the rate of CO2 production or the change of fluorescence
intensities of the enzyme was observed, indicating an interaction between the
enzyme and the patients' sera. However, serum samples from healthy control
individuals had little effect on the enzyme activity of the partially purified GAD.
The results suggested that rat brain GAD might be used as an in vitro reagent for
screening of type I diabetes, using an enzyme inhibition assay.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-691-en.pdf
Glutamic acid decarboxylase
Anti-GAD antibodies
Type I diabetes mellitus
Neuroendocrinology
Enzyme inhibition assay.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
251
257
article
COMPARISON OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC EFFECTS OF NIFEDIPINE ON NALOXONE-PRECIPITATED MORPHINE WITHDRAWAL IN MICE
M RABBANI
rabanim@yahoo.com
1
A JAFARIAN-DEHKORDI
2
MH SOBHANIAN
3
From the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Mice were rendered tolerant and dependent to morphine by subcutaneous
injection of morphine over a period of 5 days. The effects of acute
and chronic administration of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist
nifedipine on the development of tolerance and naloxone-precipitated
morphine withdrawal signs were investigated. A single injection of
nifedipine proved to be effective in inhibiting some signs of morphine
withdrawal but ineffective in blocking the development of tolerance to the
ataxic action of morphine. The concurrent injections of nifedipine with
morphine prevented most signs of morphine withdrawal but failed to have
any effects on the development of tolerance to the ataxic action of morphine.
The results suggest that alterations in dihydropyridine-sensitive
calcium channels may be involved in the adaptations that occur on chronic
treatment with morphine. It is also possible to conclude that separate
mechanisms are involved in the development of tolerance and dependence.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-690-en.pdf
Nifedipine; morphine withdrawal; tolerance.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
245
249
article
MAKING AN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
F ALASTI
1
MH SANATI
msanati@nrcgeb.ac.ir
2
From the National Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NRCGEB), Tehran, Iran
To understand the mechanism of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune
demyelinating disease, the researchers developed an experimental animal model
for MS, which is called EAE (Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis). There
are several methods for inducing this animal model. In this research the active
EAE, which is developed by injecting bovine myelin antigens into genetically
susceptible animals, was used. Proteolipid protein (PLP) , which is a prominent
neuroantigen, was extracted from fresh bovine brain, and used for inducing EAE
in female Balb/c and Guinea pig. Animals were weighed and examined daily for
clinical symptoms. Also histological sections from EAE brains were prepared.
These sections showed infiltration, congestion and demyelination.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-689-en.pdf
Multiple Sclerosis disease
EAE animal model
PLP.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
239
244
article
COMPARISON OF PCR BASED ASSAY AND CELL CULTURE IN DETECTION OF UROGENITA L CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTION AND DETERMINATION OF THE INHIBITORY RATE O F SPECIMENS UNDER STUDY
M NASROLAHEI
1
M SHARIF
2
HG ROBSON
3
From the Microbiology and Immunology Department, Sari Medical School, Khazar Boulevard, Sari,Iran.
An amplification polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for the direct detection
of Chlamydia trachomatis in urethral and endocervical swab specimens from
symptomatic and asymptomatic women and men were compared to standard culture
technique.
During 6 months, 300 endocervical swab specimens from 205 asymptomatic
women (64.4%) and 95 symptomatic women (31.6%), and 187 urethral swab
specimens from 79 asymptomatic men (42.3%) and 108 symptomatic men (57.7%)
attending the Gynecology Dept. and Genitourinary Clinic of Royal Victoria Hospital,
Montreal, were collected. Processed specimens were cultured in McCoy
cells and PCR was performed in a tube containing primer for C. trachomatis and
internal control (IC). PCR products were detected by colorimetric and hybridization
assay. Discrepant analysis for any specimens without unanimous results were
performed by direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) or major outer membrane gene
test (MOMP) with the 2SP medium sediment. In this study culture detected 13.1 %
of asymptomatic and 33.6% of symptomatic infected women. By PCR, 16% of
asymptomatic and 45.2% of symptomatic infected women exhibited positive results.
By culture, 36.6% of asymptomatic and 45.3% of symptomatic men were
positive, whereas 50.6% of asymptomatic and 51.8% of symptomatic men were
positive by PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of PCR for asymptomatic and symptomatic
women were 82.5% and 99.3%, and 89.5% and 97.8% respectively. Sensitivity
and specificity of PCR for asymptomatic and symptomatic men were
93% and 100%, and 93.3% and 97.9% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of
culture for asymptomatic and symptomatic women and men were 67.5% and 100%,
66.6% and 100%,67.4% and 81.6%, and 100% and 100% respectively. The overall
sensitivity and specificity of PCR and culture were 90% and 98%, and 75.6%
and 100%. The internal control revealed that 3.9% of specimens were inhibitory,
but when an aliquot of 10 fold dilution of these specimens was retested, 73.6% of
them were non-inhibitory. In this study PCR exhibited higher sensitivity than
culture for detection of C. trachomatis in both endocervical and urethral swab
specimens and can be recommended for use in the c1inical laboratory.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-688-en.pdf
Chlamydia trachomatis
polymerase chain reaction
endocervical specimens.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
233
238
article
A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIAL OF HIGH AND LOW DOSES OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE FOR ACUTE TOCOLYSIS
VIDA BEHRAD
v_behrad@yaboo.com
1
NEZHAT MOOSAVIFAR
2
MOJTABA MOJTAHEDZADEH
3
HABID-OLLAH ESMAILI
4
PARISSA MOGHTADAII
5
From theDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University ofMedical Sciences, Mashhad
From theDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
the Department of Community-Medical & Public Health, GhaemHospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University ofMedical Sciences, Mashhad
At the present, many drugs are used for inhibition of uterine contractions,
but the proportions of preterm labors are increasing. Although magnesium sulfate
is the most commonly prescribed parenteral tocolytic agent, but its optimal use
has yet to be delineated. In this study a high-dose protocol for magnesium sulfate
tocolytic therapy was compared with a low-dose regimen. One-hundred patients
admitted to the labor unit of Imam Reza's hospital with preterm labor were enrolled
in the trial. The median times to successful tocolysis were 8 hours in the
low-dose group and 4 hours in the high-dose group (p<0.001). Patients treated
with higher doses were also more likely to spend significantly less time in the
labor and delivery unit (p<0.001). The median gestational age at delivery was 33
weeks in the low-dose group and 36 weeks in the high-dose group (p=O.OO l).
There were not any statistically significant differences between the two groups
with respect to pre- and post magnesium infusion side effects. These results suggest
that in the high-dose group, tocolysis was achieved more rapidly and patients
required shorter admissions to the labor and delivery unit without increased maternal
or neonatal morbidity.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-687-en.pdf
Magnesium sulfate
Tocolysis
Tocolytic agent
Preterm labor
Preterm birth.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
225
231
article
MORPHINE RELE ASES GLUTAMATE THROUGH AMPA RECEPTORS IN THE VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA: A MICRODIALYSIS STUDY IN CONSCIOUS RATS
H ALAEI
alaei@med.mui.ac.ir
1
M HUOTARI
2
PT PIEPPONEN
3
L AHTEE
4
O HANNINEN
5
PT MANNISTO
6
From theDepartment of Physiology, University of Esfahan, Iran, theDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kuopio, Finland
theDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kuopio, Finland
the Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,
the Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,
Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, Finland
theDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kuopio, Finland
In vivo microdialysis was used to study the effects of morphine on glutamate
release from the ventral tegmentum area (VTA) in freely moving rats. Intraperitoneal
(i.p.) injection of acute and repeated morphine at increasing doses significantly
enhanced glutamate release. Only a minor tolerance developed to this dosage
of morphine. AP-S (2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, 0.5 mg/kg i.p.), a
NMDA receptor antagonist, given 20 min before each repeated morphine injection,
did not have a significant effect on the stimulated glutamate release . Conversely,
injection of CNQX (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2, 3-dione, 0.5 mg/kg
i.p.), an AMPA receptor antagonist, 20 min before each morphine dose was found
to markedly inhibit morphine-induced glutamate release in the VTA. In all experiments,
glutamate release reduced by time. These results show for the first
time that acute and repeated injection of morphine stimulates glutamate release in
the conscious rat VTA via AMPA receptors.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-686-en.pdf
Morphine
Glutamate
V TA
Microdialysis.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
217
224
article
EXPRESSION OF NONSTRUCTURAL GLYCOPROTEIN NSP4 OF SAIl SIMIAN ROTAV IRUS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI AND PRODUCTION OF ANTIBODY AGAINST IT
Z SHARIFI
1
B YAKHCHALI
byakhcha@nrcgeb.ac.ir
2
MS SHAHRABADI
3
123From the Virology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, the National Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NRCGEB), Tehran, and the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Tehran, Iran,
National Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NRCGEB), Tehran
From the Virology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
Rotavirus nonstructural glycoprotein NSP4 can induce diarrhea in newborn
mice. It has been suggested that NSP4 may be a key determinant for rotavirus
pathogenesis and a target for vaccine development. In order to study the biological
and morphological role of NSP4 a large amount of the purified protein and
antibody against it are required.
Simian rotavirus SA11 was propagated in BSCl cell, purified on cesium
chloride gradients, and its genomic RNA was extracted. A cDNA from RNA
segment 10 was synthesized and amplified by RT-PCR. cDNA fragment was
cloned into plasmid vectors. The recombinant plasmid was characterized by restriction
enzyme and sequencing. Construction of expression plasmid containing
nsp4 gene was performed and expression of NSP4 was demonstrated by SDSPAGE,
Western blot, ELISA and IF using polyclonal antibody against NSP4 from
SA11 infected BSCI cells. A polyclonal antiserum against purified recombinant
NSP4 was raised in rabbit which was reacted with NSP4 in BSCI cells infected
with SA11 rotavirus.
These results indicated successful expression of the full-length NSP4 in E.coli
to produce antibody against it and to study its biological activities.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-685-en.pdf
Expression
NSP4
Rotavirus
E.coli.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
213
216
article
DOES CIGARETTE SMOKING AFFECT MUSCLE FLAP SURVIVAL? AN 8 YE AR EXPERIENCE OVER 261 CONSECUTIVE C ASES IN SOUTHERN IRAN
HA NIKPOUR
1
From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran.
Smoking has been shown to be a complicating factor in normal wound healing.
Both nicotine and carbon monoxide adversely affect multiple stages of the
healing process. From 1991 to 1999,407 muscle flap procedures were performed
on 374 patients in a single surgical unit. A retrospective review of 261 patients
was completed. Patients were divided into three groups: Group A, no smoking
history group B, smokers for at least one year, and group C, active smokers up to
the time of surgery. Patients were excluded who had diabetes, had a recurrent
malignancy, or used steroids. A total of 261 patients were included in the study.
The age, sex, number of patients and primary operative indications were matched
in the 3 groups. Active smokers were shown to have a complication rate significantly
higher in the immediate post-operative period compared with non-smokers
and smokers who had quit. The most common complications were partial
muscle necrosis and partial skin graft loss. This series suggests that active smoking
at the time of muscle transposition significantly increases the rate of postoperative
complications.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-684-en.pdf
Cigarettes
smoking
muscle flap.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
209
212
article
CAUSES OF INTRACTABLE SEIZURES IN A SURVEY OF 10,000 EPILEPTIC CHILDREN
A A. NASIRIAN
1
From the Dept. of Pediatric Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
Although treated properly for epilepsy, a number of epileptic children have
intractable seizures and about 5-10 per cent of them do not respond to anti -epileptic
drugs. In the years 1986-1996 about 10,000 epileptic patients were treated in
the Children's Medical Center in Tehran. A retrospective study of their medical
records revealed that 41 of them had intractable seizures. I
Of these 41 patients, 56.9% had partial epilepsy, 12.2% grand mal epilepsy,
14 % atypical petit-mal, 7.3% Lennox syndrome, 7.3% infantile spasm and 2.4%
myoclonic epilepsy. All of them had received at least two anti-epileptic drugs.
34.1 % were not treated regularly. 31.7% had organic brain dysfunction and 51.6%
had behavior disorder (hyperactivity-aggressiveness, etc.).
These figures show a lower rate of intractable seizures than that of international
statistics. T he most important cause of intractable seizures seems to be
irregular treatment of the epilepsy.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-683-en.pdf
Epilepsy
Intractable seizures
Irregular treatment.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
203
207
article
A PROSPECTIV E, DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL OF DEXAMETHASONE DURING THE FOLLICULAR PHASE IN CLOMIPHENE RESISTANT PATIENTS WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AND NORMAL DHEAS
ME PARSANEZHAD
parsame@sums.ac.ir
1
M RAOOFI
2
S ALBORZI
3
GH OMRANI
4
From the Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz I.R. Iran.
In order to evaluate the effects of short course administration of dexamethasone
(DEX) combined with clomiphene citrate (CC) in CC-resistant patients with
polycystic ovary syndrome (PCaS) and normal DHEAS, a prospective, double
blind, placebo controlled, randomized study was undertaken at referral university
hospitals,
Two-hundred and thirty women with PCOS and normal DHEAS who failed
to ovulate with a routine protocol of CC received 200 mg of CC from day 5 to 9
and 2 mg of DEX from day 5 to 14 of the menstrual cycle. The control group
received the same protocol of CC combined with placebo.
Follicular development, hormonal status, ovulation rate, and pregnancy rate
were evaluated.
Mean follicular diameters were 18.4124±2.4314 mm and 13.8585±2.0722
mm (p<0.001) for treatment and placebo group respectively. Eighty-eight percent
of treatment and 20% of the control group had evidence of ovulation. The difference
of cumulative pregnancy rate in treatment and control groups was statistically
significant (p<0.000l).
Hormonal levels, follicular development and cumulative pregnancy rate improved
with the addition of DEX to CC in CC-resistant patients with PCOS and
normal DHEAS.This regimen is recommended before any gonadotropin therapy
or surgical intervention.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-682-en.pdf
Polycystic ovary
DHEAS
clomiphene citrate
dexamethasone.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
197
201
article
THE VALUE OF PONDERAL INDEX AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN PREDICTING COMPLICATIONS IN TERM NEONATES
FIROUZEH NILI
F_nili2000@yahoo.com
1
MARJAN MAKIPOUR
2
JAMILEH MOBINI
3
From the Department of Pediatrics, Vali-E-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
Rohrer's ponderal index in newborns (birth weight * 100/height3) has been
used as an indicator of fetal growth status, especially to assess asymmetrical intrauterine
growth retardation. Low ponderal index or disproportionate intrauterine
growth retardation has higher neonatal morbidity and there are some specific
guidelines in intrauterine growth retarded infants to control some of their prevalent
complications like hypoglycemia.
As there are no specific guidelines to control and screen some possible morbidities
in babies with more than 2500 gram weight, we decided to determine the
association between different ponderal index values and neonatal complications
such as hypoglycemia, meconium aspiration syndrome, hyperbilirubinemia, perinatal
resuscitation and duration of hospital stay in first born term infants.
Three-hundred and sixty-one first born infants were studied during April
2000 to April 2001. Low, appropriate and high ponderal indexes were detected in
20.5%, 51 % and 28.5% of infants respectively. Among these infants, there were
47 intrauterine growth retarded cases. The frequency of hypoglycemia, meconium
aspiration syndrome, hyperbilirubinemia and age at hospital discharge with
a stay of more than 7 days were higher in the low ponderal index group than the
other two groups and the statistical differences were significant (p< 0.05). Comparing
neonatal morbidities according to birth weight (more or less than 2500 g),
we could not find significant differences except in hypoglycemia (p< 0.05).
This study showed that a low ponderal index could be used as a prognostic
factor in predicting some morbidity in term neonates.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-681-en.pdf
Intrauterine growh retardation
Ponderal index
Neonatal morbidity.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
193
195
article
THE EFFICACY OF ORAL RIBAVIRIN IN THE TREATMENT OF 81 PROVED CASES OF CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER (CCHF) IN IRAN (1999-2001)
M MARDANI
mmardani@sbmu.ac.ir
1
M KESHTKAR JAHROMI
2
K HOLAKOI NAINI
3
M ZINALI
4
From the Dept. of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, and the Dept. of Epidemiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever is a fatal viral disease that occurs in
some parts of Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle-East. Primarily it is a
zoonosis but can be seen sporadically in humans. Recently outbreaks have been
reported from Pakistan, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and
Iran. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the efficacy of oral Ribavirin in the
treatment of CCHF cases, by comparing the outcome in two groups of treated and
non-treated confirmed CCHF cases. 81 confirmed CCHF cases (by serology or
viral culture) were evaluated for the incidence of outcome (death or recovery ) in
the form of an analytic case-control study. 61 out of 69 treated cases and 5 out of
12 non-treated cases survived. Oral Ribavirin with an efficacy of 91 % can be an
effective medical therapy for management of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-680-en.pdf
Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Oral Ribavirin
Efficacy.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
189
192
article
A STUDY OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS DRUG RESISTANCE IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
SR MOADDAB
1
A RAFI
2
From theDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
theResearch Center for TB and Pulmonary Diseases, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in both developing and
developed countries. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing health problem
and serious challenge to tuberculosis (TB) control programs. Information about
the susceptibility pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates against anti-tuberculosis
drugs is an important aspect to TB control. The objectives of the study
were to evaluate the frequency of drug-resistance and to survey the nature of drug
resistance among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Ninety-one M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from sputum samples of
patients referred to Cerrhapasa Medical Faculty Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, during
a 9 month period. Drug susceptibility testing was performed to isoniazid (INH),
streptomycin (SM), ethambutol (EMB) and rifampin (RMP) on Lowenstein-Jensen
medium according to proportion method.
Total resistance was identified in 40 of 91 patients (44%). The highest rate of
primary resistance was to SM (21.1 %), followed by INH (15.8%), RMP (5.3%)
and EMB (2.6%). Secondary resistance was most frequent to INH (33.3%), followed
by SM (28.6%), RMP (23.8%) and EMB (14.3%). Multidrug resistance
(MDR) was observed in 6 of the 91 cases (6.6%). Due to the high prevalence of
drug resistance, particularly in developing countries, further studies should be
conducted regularly to monitor resistance in these countries.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-679-en.pdf
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
185
187
article
THE EFFICACY OF HYSTEROSCOPIC ADHESIOLYSIS IN ASHERMAN\'S SYNDROME
SAEED ALBORZI
1
MINOO ROBATI
2
MOHAMMAD E. PARSANEJAD
3
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Shiraz. I.R. Iran
To determine the prevalence of Asherman's syndrome in the south of Iran
and assess the safety and efficacy of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis in restoration of
menstrual function and fertility, a prospective study was done from 1997 to 1999.
Among 2300 couples with infertility referring to the infertility clinic of a Shiraz
University hospital, 30 patients were proven to have Asherman's syndrome by
diagnostic hysterosalpingography (HSG) and then hysteroscopy. T he prevalence
of this syndrome was 1.3%. Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis was performed in all 30
patients. Adhesion reformation postoperatively was absent in stage 1 patients,
15% in stage II and 66% in stage III. Normal menstrual flow was restored in all
patients (100%), and 19 patients (63.3%) conceived after surgery that resulted in
term infants in 15 patients (50%).
Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis is. a safe and effective operation for restoring the
normal menstrual pattern and fertility, and the severity of the adhesions appear to
correlate best with the reproductive outcome.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-678-en.pdf
Intrauterine adhesions
Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis
Infertility.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
179
183
article
NEUROLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS OF A CUTE GA STROENTERITIS: A REVIEW OF 45 PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE SETTING
M KADIVAR
1
F TASLIMI
2
From the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. lran
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a serious disease and is one of the most important
causes of early childhood mortality in developing countries. The neurologic
manifestations can be propounded as primary symptoms of AGE.
In order to determine the rate, clinical presentations, and outcome of patients
with AGE who presented with neurologic manifestations and compare them with
patients without neurologic symptoms, we reviewed the records of children 1
month to 14 years of age having AGE along with neurologic presentations, i.e.
either convulsion or encephalopathy alone or together who had been admitted to
the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the Children's Hospital Medical Center
(CHMS) from September 1996 till August 1998.
Among all the patients admitted at that time, 7% (75 patients) had AGE, of
which 60% (45 patients) had concomitant neurologic symptoms including 4%
who had convulsion alone, 20% had encephalopathy alone, and 36% showed both
of the symptoms.
Of the patients who had AGE with neurologic symptoms, 36% initially presented
with neurological manifestations without gastrointestinal symptoms. The
duration of admission at PICU and the mortality rate among patients with AGE
were significantly more in the patients with neurologic symptoms in comparison
to those without neurologic symptoms.
According to our findings, neurologic symptoms may be the first manifestation
of AGE and are likely to increase the risk of mortality in AGE.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-677-en.pdf
Gastroenteritis; acute
convulsion
encephalopathy.
eng
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
1016-1430
2251-6840
2003-11
17
3
173
177
article
EFFECT OF CLINICAL IN FORMATION ON BRAIN CT SCAN IN T ERPRETATION: A BLIN DED DOUBLE CROSSOVER STUDY
MOTAHAREH ZHIANPOUR
1
MOHSEN JANGHORBANI
janghorbani@yahoo.com
2
From the Departments of Radiology and Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Heath Services, Isfahan, Iran
From the Departments of Radiology and Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Heath Services, Isfahan, Iran
Errors and variations in interpretation can happen in clinical imaging. Few
studies have examined the biased effect of clinical information on reporting of
brain CT scans. In a blinded double crossover design, we studied whether three
radiologists were biased by clinical information when making CT scan diagnosis
of the brain. Three consultant radiologists in three rounds with at least a one-month
interval assessed 100 consecutive cases of brain CT scan. In the first round,
clinical information was not available and 100 films without clinical information
were given to radiologists. In the second round, the same 100 films were given
and true clinical information was available. In the third round, the same 100 films
were given and false clinical information was allocated. In 180 cases (60%) the
evaluation resulted in the same diagnosis on all three occasions (95% confidence
interval (CI): 54.5,65.5), whereas 120 (400/0 95% CI: 34.5,45.5) sets were evaluated
differently. 48 cases (16% 95% CI: 11.9, 20.1) had discordant evaluation
with true and 33 (11 % 950/0 CI: 7.5,14.5) with false clinical information. Discordance
without and with true and false clinical information was 39 (13% 95% CI:
9.2, 16.8). Correct clinical information improves the brain CT report, while the
report became less accurate after false clinical information was allocated. These
results indicate that radiologists are biased by clinical information when reporting
brain CT scans.
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-676-en.pdf
Clinical information
radiology
CT scan
bias
Iran.