@article{ author = {Hooman, Nakysa and Hallaji, Farideh and Jahangiri, Fariba and Mostafavi, Seyed Hass}, title = {Huge obstructive bladder diverticula and cystic dysplastic kidneys in a newborn: a challenging dilemma}, abstract ={AbsractThis study investigated a 63-day boy with end stage renal disease and abdominalcysts. The antenatal sonography detected anhydraminos, posterior urethral valve,and cystic dysplastic kidneys. Voiding cystourethrogram revealed two obstructivegiant diverticula which at first looked like enlarged renal pelvis. The patient had persistenturinary tract infection and perforation of diverticula. The dialysis was ineffectivebecause of leakage, immeasurable inflow and dwell volume, peritonitis and tunnelinfection. As a result, the availability of automated peritoneal dialysis for infantsis recommended to reduce morbidity and increasing the survival rate. Nonethelessthe giant bladder diverticules might be better managed by diverticulectomy procedure.}, Keywords = {congenital bladder diverticula, cystic renal dysplasia, end stage renal,disease anhydraminos, prenatal diagnosis, urinary tract infection}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {109-114}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-167-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-167-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Molaei, Mahsa and Yadollahzadeh, Mahdi and Mashayekhi, Reza and Foroutan, Mojgan and Zali, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Gastritis cystica polyposa in an unoperated stomach, treated by endoscopic polypectomy}, abstract ={AbsractGastritis cystic polyposa is a rare and peculiar polypoid lesion arising at a gastroenterostomysite, and almost always on the gastric side. It is characterized by elongationof the gastric foveolae along with hyperplasia and cystic dilatation of the gastricglands extending into the submucosal layer. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a47-year-old woman without any history of gastric operation revealed a pedunculatedpolyp approximately 2 cm in diameter, in a background of erythematous gastric foldsalong the anterior wall of the fundus. Polypectomy was performed, with endoscopicimpression of hyperplastic or fundic gland polyp, without any complications.Histopathological findings were consistent within gastritis cystic polyposa(GCP). Amild Helicobacter pylori colonization in gastric pits was seen. GCP could occur in anunoperated stomach and treated by endoscopic polypectomy. However, removal andhistopathologic confirmation of these lesions are necessary.}, Keywords = {Gastric polyp, gastritis cystica polyposa, endoscopic polypectomy,H.pylori}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {107-109}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Khoshnevis, Jalaluddin and Tadayon, Niki and NajafBeygi, Arash}, title = {Abdominal tuberculosis presenting with peritonitis and enteroliths: report of a rare case and literature review}, abstract ={AbsractWe are presenting a case of abdominal tuberculosis who had peritonitis and twolarge enteroliths were removed from the small intestine during laparotomy. Followinga full course of medical treatment, she developed small bowel obstruction andtreated by laparotomy & enterolysis but showed no evidence of stricture. We had adiagnostic and management challenge which will be discussed along with a reviewof the literature.}, Keywords = {abdominal tuberculosis, stricture, enterolith.}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {103-106}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Entezami, Kobra Z and khosravi, Arezo and Mousavi, Tahereh and Bahar, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Immunophenotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes following thermal injury in patients}, abstract ={AbstractBackgroundcontributes substantially to patient morbidity and mortality.In this study we investigatedthe range and distribution of T-lymphocyte. Subsets CD3helper/inducer cell,.th ), CD8: Severe immunosuppression occurs after large thermal burn and probably+ (T cells) CD4+ (T+ (T suppressor /Cytotoxic cells ,TS/C), CD3+CD4thermal injury.+/CD3+CD8+ ratio, CD19+ (B cells) and CD16+ (NK cells ) in patiens followingMethodsstudied.The total body surface area of the burn injury, ranged from 30 to >70%. Wholeblood samples were collected at three and seven days postburn. Partec flowcytometrysystem and triple color flowcytometry reagents (Dako Co), were used to evaluate peripheralblood lymphocytes population of patients admitted at the Motahary Burn Centerin Tehran.: Forty male, aging 18-60 years with major thermal injury wereResultsreduction in relative number of CD3postburn.CD4range in seven days following injury. CD19burn patients at both three and seven days. The number of CD16declined in three days and moderately increased on day seven, following injury.Thus, the data showed that thermal burn injury suppressed T-lymphocyte subsets proliferationin various days .In addition, all compartments of showed phenotypic changesin the 3th and seventh days after burn, in different groups of age. Thermal burn injurysuppressed T cell subsets proliferation on day 3 and 7 postburn, when compared to normalcontrols. (P <0.05) at 3 and 7 days post burn.: Compare to healthy controls, patients with burns have shown a significant+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells at three and seven adys+/CD8+ ratio were below normal range in three days and remained in normal+ B cell populations were elevated in+ NK cells were significantlyConclusionfactor in immunosuppression and development of sepsis in thermal burn patients.: Significant changes in lymphocytes population could be an important}, Keywords = {Burn, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, NK cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {96-102}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-163-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-163-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Hassani, Valiollah and Zafarghandi, Maryam and Farhadi, Mohamm}, title = {The LMACTrach, a new approach for endotracheal intubation: Apilot study in 100 patients undergoing elective surgery}, abstract ={AbstractBackgroundand endotracheal intubation under direct vision in both anticipated and unexpecteddifficult intubation situations.: The LMA CTrach system is a new device for airway managementMethodsdifferent types of elective surgeries. After randomly selecting the patients for intubationwith this new device, the airway characteristics, height, weight, dental overbiteand thyromental distance were all evaluated before induction. Our goal was to exploreprimarily the success rate of intubation with LMACTrach.: We used this system in 100 patients undergoing general anesthesia forResultsall 100 patients. Nonetheless, successful tracheal intubation was performed in 95 patients.Among our patients, 2 had Mallampati grade IV airways with short necks,body mass index (BMI) > 30, and without the capability to bite their upper lips.Amazingly both patients were intubated with this method, proving a device as an assuringapproach in cases of difficulty with ventilation and intubation. Of all patients,44 were females and 56 males. The mean age was 34 ± 2 years. BMI measured for allpatients was 20-25 except for two cases who had BMI > 30.: We were able to insert LMA CTrach and provide optimal ventilation inConclusionand vocal cords during intubation even in difficult cases, it can be assumed that thisdevice is a precious aid as equal as fiberoptic bronchoscopy for the anesthesiologists.: Since the LMA CTrach provided us with direct view of the larynx}, Keywords = {LMACTrach, intubation, airway characteristics, Mallampati grade}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {88-95}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-161-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-161-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Ahmadkhaniha, Hamid Reza and Hakimshooshtari, Mitra and Mohammadian, Mehrdad and Naserbakht, Morteza and Ghazaiepour, Farz}, title = {Street children in Tehran and risk factors for substance abuse}, abstract ={  Abstract   Background: Economy, lack of welfare and social services, AIDS and civil war, and also substance abuse are predominant factors that attributes with street children.   Method: 576 street children of 10-19 years were evaluated. Data were gathered by demographic and substance use check list. Theses check lists were designed by the researchers and included some simple question about type and duration of substance use. Several psychiatrists confirmed the content of check list.   Results: 36.7% of the children had lifetime smoking of cigarette. The frequency of   smoking in boys was significantly higher than girls (P<0.05). The mean age of the girls with smoking habit was significantly lower than the boys (P<0.05).   Conclusion: It should be noted that street children are at high risk group for using tobacco. Theses children are also exposed to the dangerous behaviors and sexually transmitted   diseases.  }, Keywords = {street children, substance use and Iran}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {83-87}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-159-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-159-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Mollahoseini, Reza and Khajoo, Ashkan and Habibollahi, Peim}, title = {Evaluation of ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction regarding ventricular catheter placement}, abstract ={AbstractBackgroundline of treatment for management of hydrocephalus despite available new techniques andsystems of shunting. Associated complications should be recognized and managed properly,but the most recognized complications are shunt obstruction which its prevalencethrough surgical approach is discussed here. Two approaches (frontal and parietal) are usedto insert ventriculoperitoneal shunt. In this study we retrospectively examined patterns ofshunt failure in patients with symptoms of shunt malfunction. Factors analyzed includedsite of failure, time from shunt placement or last revision of failure, age of patient at time offailure, infection and primary etiology of hydrocephalus. Two approaches were comparedto determine which one is more associated with shunt failure.: Shunting procedures specifically ventriculoperitoneal shunts are the mainMethodsretrospectively examined, in 126 cases who were shunted through frontal approach, 48 casesand in 124 patients whose shunts were inserted through parietal approach 64 cases ofmalfunction observed. All data was analyzed with SPSS software and with T-test,and thenthe failure rate for frontal versus parietal approach was compared.: 250 patients with symptoms of shunt malfunction over 4 years period wereResultsof underlying cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure was observed, with theless failure rates through frontal approach.: Significant difference in malfunction rate between these two approaches regardlessConclusionshunt failure and frontal approach demonstrated less failure rate, but as it isknown placing the catheter tip away from the choroids plexus is the most important factoravoiding obstruction.: Although proximal obstruction is the most common cause of ventriculoperitoneal}, Keywords = {Hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shunt complication, CSF shunt devices}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {79-82}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-158-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-158-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Labbafinejad, Yasser and Mohammadi, Saber and Attarchi, MirSaeed and Aghilinejad, Mashallah}, title = {Hearing impairment due to cigarette smoking and simultaneous exposure to occupational noise}, abstract ={  Abstract   Background : Noise is the most common hazard in the workplace and noise induced   hearing loss considered to be the most common occupational disease as well.   Cigarette smoking, in some studies, has been known to induce hearing loss. The purpose   of this study was to evaluate the effect of contemporary exposure to occupational   noise and cigarette smoking on hearing.   Methods : 478 assembly workers of an automobile plant which were exposed to   the noise more than TLV (threshold limit value) level included in this study. After   considering the exclusion criteria, all participants according to the smoking status   were divided in smoker and nonsmoker groups and compared for hearing impairment.   Hearing impairment in this study was assessed with the offered method of   American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO).   Results : Of 478 assembly workers, 225 persons were smokers and others non   smokers. Prevalence of hearing impairment in smokers was significantly higher   (p<0.001). Hearing impairment had a significant relation with smoking status even   after adjusting for cofounders like age and duration of work (OR=8.23, 95%   CI=3.63-18.66).   Conclusion : The results of this study suggested that cigarette smokers had more   hearing impairment than non smokers. According to these results we concluded that   in working environments, especially in noisy ones, workers must be encouraged to   quit smoking and regular audiometric tests, especially for smokers, must be applied.   We must consider not only the noise, but indeed all effective elements of hearing impairment   in working environment that could compromise the hearing.  }, Keywords = {Hearing impairment, cigarette smoking, noise}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {72-78}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-157-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-157-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Sorkhi, Hadi and BakhshandehBali, Mohammad Kazem and Nooreddini, Haji Ghorb}, title = {Randomized clinical trial of sedation with oral midazolam for voiding cystourethrography in Children}, abstract ={  Abstract   Background: Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) is a distressing procedure   for children. Conscious sedation with any drug that its dose would not influences the   procedure is preferred. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of conscious sedation using oral midazolam in children undergoing VCUG.   Methods: From November 2008 to October 2009 period, 93 Patients (68 girls and   25 boys), age ranging from 24 months to 11 years old (mean, 5.8 years) were double   blindly randomized to receive a placebo (water) or oral midazolam before the examination. The primary outcome measures were patients' cooperation, facility of the procedure, 48 hours post procedure memory of children, bladder urine residue and   detection of Vesocoureteral reflex. The data were analysed by SPSS and categorical   variables compared using t-test and continuous variables compared using Chi.   Square and Fisher’s exact tests.   Results: 93 children were randomizly divided in two groups. In midazolam   group, 44(93.6%) patients had good cooperation but in the control group 26(56.5%)   had bad cooperation and 19 patients (41.3%) very bad cooperation (P=0.000). In midazolam group, 36 children (76.6%) had easy separation from their parents but in   control group 20 children (43.5%) had moderate resistant and 21(45.7%) severe resistant. (P=0.000). Eighteen (38 %) patients of the study group and twenty patients   (43 %) of control group had VUR respectively (P=0.65).   Conclusion: According to this study, midazolam is a useful sedation in children   undergoing VCUG.  }, Keywords = {conscious sedation, midazolam, pediatric radiology, urinary tract infection,voiding cystourethrography (VCUG).}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {67-71}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-156-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-156-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {Noori-daloii, Mohammad Reza and Alivand, Mohammad Reza and Atef-Vahid, Parisa and Hashemi-Gorji, Feyzollah and Hashemi, Mehr}, title = {Polymorphism analysis of malaria susceptibility biomarkers in G6PD deficiency patients}, abstract ={  Abstract   Background: Several studies suggested that some traits and polymorphisms in human genome such as G6PD deficiency and other genes have protective effects on susceptibility to malaria infection .   Methods: In present study we investigated the prevalence of TNF [1] -244GgA, TNF [1] -   308 GgA,TNF [1] -238GgA, NOS2-954GgC, MBL54GgA, MBL 57GgA, MBL IVSI -   5 GgA polymorphisms and G6PD variants (Mediterranean, Chatham, Cosenza, A -   (202,376) in 315 subjects with G6PD deficiency and 10 malaria patient. All the 315 subjects were selected from five provinces (Fars, Khuzestan, Esfahan, Yazd and Kerman and screened by PCR-RFLP method .   Results: The NOS2-954GgA consisted GG(40.31%), GC(53.01%), and CC(6.66% )   where as TNF [1] -308 consisted GG(68.8%), AG(31.11% ) contents. The TNF [1] -244   showed GG(94.60%), AG(5.39%) genotypes and the TNF [1] -238 had GG(92.69% ),   AG(6.66%), AA(0.63%) genotypes. The MBL54 polymorphism had GG(75.55%), AG (24.44%), AA(0.63%) genotypes. In MBL 57, had GG(95.23%), AG(4.76%), AA (0.63%) genotypes. The G6PD variants was indicated that Mediterranean mutation in Fars, Khuzestan, Esfahan, Yazd and Kerman provinces was 79.4%, 58%, 83/8%, 64% and 63% respectively and also, the Chatham mutation was 8.8%, 8% 4.5%,3.6% and 0% respectively. Analysis of other four mutations (Cosenza, Arures and A-202 and A-367 ) showed that none of them had those mutations .   Conclusion: Our results suggested that genotypes which causes protection against   malaria or reduction of risk for celebral malaria and death has the maximum prevalence in samples taken from the five provinces, but in the kolmogorov-smiranov test results, only NOS2-954GgC supported the theory of relation between these polymorphisms and protection against malaria .  }, Keywords = {G6PD, Polymorphism, PCR-RFLP, TNF􀁄, MBL2, NOS2, Mediterranean,}, volume = {24}, Number = {2}, pages = {57-66}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-155-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-155-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2010} }