@article{ author = {Sadeghi, A. and Froutan, H. and Mirmomen, S.}, title = {Fat necrosis secondary to pancreatitis mimicking transverse colon cancer: a case report}, abstract ={ Abstract Fat necrosis secondary to pancreatitis can be either mild and self limited or create severe organ damage, but may rarely lead to abdominal opancreatic pseudotumor. We report a case of fat necrosis secondary to pancreatitis which clinically simulates transverse colon cancer.}, Keywords = {Fat necrosis, Pancreatitis, Abdominal mass}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {215-217}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-392-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-392-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Azarpira, N. and Ashraf, M. J. and Khademi, B.}, title = {Primary Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the parotid gland: a case report}, abstract ={ Abstract We report a 30 year old woman who presented with a painless preauricular mass of two months duration. Superficial parotidectomy was performed for the patient. Histological examination and immunohistochemical findings were in favor of mixed cellularity Hodgkin’s lymphoma (MCHD). According to this diagnosis the patient received local radiotherapy and during 4 months of follow-up no recurrence was seen. To our knowledge only one such case has been reported in the English literature to date by Uchinuma in 1988.}, Keywords = {Parotid, Lymphoma, Hodgkin’s}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {212-214}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-391-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-391-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Mozafar, M. and KalantarMotamedi, M. R. and KhajoueiKermani, H. and Zeynalzadeh, M.}, title = {Mirrizi syndrome due to acalculous cholecystitis in a 13-year-old girl: a case report and literature review}, abstract ={ Abstract Acute inflammation of the gallbladder can occur without gallstones. Acalculous cholecystitis typically develops in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. Patients on parenteral nutrition, with extensive burns, sepsis, major operations, multiple organ trauma or prolonged illness with multiple organ system failure are at risk for developing acalculous cholecystitis. The association of acalculous cholecystitis with Mirizzi syndrome is very unusual. Mirrizzi syndrome, which is an unusual cause of obstructive jaundice, is most commonly caused by a stone impacted in Hartmann’s pouch, exerting pressure over the common bile duct (CBD) with subsequent erosion into the CBD. The case we are presenting is a case of Mirrizi syndrome type-1 due to acalculous cholecystitis in a 13- year-old girl that presented with intermittent jaundice and RUQ abdominal pain and fever. Intraoperative finding showed Mirizzi syndrome type- 1 without gallstones. The cause of jaundice was only pressure of the gallbladder on the CBD and cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiography was performed. At post operative follow-up, the patient became anicteric and all symptoms and signs disappeared.}, Keywords = {Acalculous cholecystitis, cholecystocholedochal fistula, Mirizzi syndrome, cholecystectomy}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {208-211}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-390-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-390-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {FattahiMasoom, S.H. and Sharifi, N.}, title = {Alveolar Hydatid disease: a case report}, abstract ={ Abstract Alvelolar hydatid disease is caused by E. multilocularis. Human infection occurs at the larval stage of this small tape worm (1.2 to 4.5 mm). In this article we studied alveolar hydatid disease in a 50 year old woman who presented with a hepatic mass. Liver biopsy and histopathologic evaluation showed alvelolar hydatidosis of the liver. Then resection of the left lobe of liver was done, with medical treatment with oral Albendazole (15 mg/kg/12h) for 6 weeks with 2 week intervals. The drug was continued for 4 courses. 5 year follow up of the patient was satisfactory without any complaint.}, Keywords = {Alveolar Hydatidosis, Liver, Echinococcus, Albendazole}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {205-207}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-389-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-389-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Ghanei, E. and Nasrollahi, A. and Homayouni, M. and Rahbar, Kh.}, title = {Relationship between post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder and Anti-Thymocyte Globulin or Anti-Lymphocyte Globulin}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Lymphoproliferative disorders are among the most serious and potentially fatal complications of chronic immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients. The principle risk factors for development of PTLD are the degree of overall immunosuppression and the EBV serostatus of the recipient. In this study, the risk of PTLD in kidney transplant recipients who received Anti- Lymphocyte Globulin (ALG) or Anti Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) was evaluated. Methods: We retrospectively studied 520 patients who underwent kidney transplantation during the period from December 1989 to December 2002, at Taleghani Hospital, Tehran. Results: 369 patients received classic immunosuppression (prednisolone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil) and 151 patients (29%) received classic immunosuppression with ALG or ATG. Eight patients had developed PTLD, 5 cases of which (62.5%) received classic immunosuppression without ALG or ATG. Incidence of PTLD was 3.3 percent in patients who received ALG or ATG and 0.8 percent for those patients who did not receive ATG or ALG. This difference is very significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: ALG or ATG therapy could act as a risk factor for PTLD.}, Keywords = {PTLD (Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder), ATG (Anti- Thymocyte Globulin), ALG (Anti-Lymphocyte Globulin)}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {198-204}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-388-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-388-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {TahmasebiBirgani, M.J. and Ansari, M. and Behrooz, M.A.}, title = {A new method for ideal dose distribution of two adjacent fields for external beam radiation therapy}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Adjacent treatment fields are commonly used in external beam radiation therapy, such as mantle and inverted-Y fields for the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease and craniospinal fields used in the treatment of medulloblastoma and head and neck tumors when the lateral neck fields are placed adjacent to the anterior supraclavicular field. In each of these situations, there is a possibility of introducing very large dosage errors across the junction. Consequently, this region is at risk for severe complications if it is overdosed, or tumor recurrence if it is underdosed. Methods: For prevention of adjacent field overlapping a new method is introduced. In this method the patient’s couch of the treatment machine is rotated for 90º clockwise and counterclockwise. Then the gantry is rotated for α and β that are measured by geometrical methods in opposite direction for each field. The adjacent fields have a common edge and then the overlap region in treatment volume is eliminated. Results: By phantom dosimetry, the maximum dose in the junctional volume of the two adjacent treatment fields is measured to be 102%. This technique provides an inhomogeneity of about 2%. Conclusion: In some cases, the measurements have shown that the dose inhomogeneity is as large as 45%. Compared with the dynamic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), this technique also provides a superior dose homogeneity such that inhomogeneity becomes about 2%.}, Keywords = {Adjacent fields, External radiation therapy, Dosimetry}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {192-197}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-387-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-387-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Bakhshaee, M. and Sharifian, Sh. M. R. and Ghasemi, M. M. and Naimi, M. and Moghiman, T.}, title = {Speech development and auditory performance in children after cochlear implantation}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to determine the auditory performance of congenitally deaf children and the effect of cochlear implantation (CI) on speech intelligibility. Methods: Aprospective study was undertaken on 47 children in a pediatric tertiary referral center for CI. All children were deaf prelingually and were younger than 8 years of age. They were followed up until 5 years after implantation. Auditory performance was assessed by using the categories of auditory performance (CAP) scale and speech intelligibility rating which evaluated the spontaneous speech of each child before and at frequent intervals for five years after implantation. Results: Pre-lingually deaf children showed significant improvement in auditory performance after implantation. Six months after implantation 91% of children had the ability to respond to speech sounds. At the end of year one, 96% of children could discriminate speech sounds and 84% of children who reached the three year interval could understand common phrases without lip-reading. After cochlear implantation, the difference between the speech intelligibility rating increased significantly each year for 3 years (p<0.05) and did not plateau up to 5 years after implantation. The changes in auditory performance and speech development were parallel. Conclusion: The results indicated the ability of cochlear implantations to significantly improve auditory receptive skills and subsequently speech development in young congenitally deaf children.}, Keywords = {Auditory performance, Speech intelligibility, Cochlear implantation, Outcome.}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {184-191}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-386-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-386-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Shahla, A. and Charesaz, S.}, title = {Recurrent hip fracture prevention with osteoporosis management}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Osteoporosis is a major public health threat, and hip fracture is a serious consequence of osteoporosis. Apatient with an osteoporosis-related hip fracture has an increased risk for a second hip fracture. The effect of osteoporosis management on the risk of recurrent hip fracture was evaluated in this study. Methods: 58 hip fracture patients older than 50yr and BMD < 2.5 were discharged from hospital with Ca-Vitamin D- Alendronate prescriptions, and followed up for 4 years to determine the rate of recurrent hip fractures. Rate of second hip fractures was compared with 58 hip fractures in the control group (without osteoporosis treatment) which were also followed for 4 years. Results: 72% of patients continued treatment for 2 years. There were no second hip fractures in the critical first 12 months in the treated group. Overall second hip fractures in osteoporosis treated and control groups were 3.4% and 8.6% (p<0.03), respectively. Conclusion: Management of hip fractures in the elderly should include bone mineral density determination and osteoporosis treatment to prevent further fractures.}, Keywords = {Second hip fracture, Osteoporosis management, Prevention}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {181-183}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-385-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-385-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Dehghan, M. H. and Soheilian, M. and Naghibozakerin, J. and Papi, A.}, title = {Transpupilary thermotherapy of occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age related macular degeneration}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Transpupillary thermotherapy is a new treatment for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization which needs further evaluation. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transpupillary thermotherapy on regression of occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization with or without pigment epithelial detachment in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Methods: In a case series study, patients with age-related macular degeneration who had occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization less than 4 disc diameters with or without pigment epithelial detachment underwent transpupillary thermotherapy by diode laser. The patients were followed for 1-12 months. Main outcome measures were visual acuity changes, flattening of pigment epithelial detachment observed clinically, or absence of leakage in angiography. The data were analyzed using T-test and chi- square. Results: The study included 30 eyes of 30 patients. Mean age of the patients was 67±7 years. Mean follow up time was 5.3±0.5 months. Visual acuity improved in 63%, remained unchanged in 20%, and worsened in 17%. Mean visual acuity improved from 1.25±0.4 log MAR (20/320) to 1.06±0.36 log MAR (20/200), (p<0.04). Choroidal atrophy or flat scar was achieved in 73% and failure to treatment was seen in 27%, (p =0.0001). Pigment epithelial detachment flattened in all cases after transpupillary thermotherapy. Conclusion: Transpupillary thermotherapy may be a particularly useful modality for treating occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization associated with serous pigment epithelial detachment in selected cases of age-related macular degeneration.}, Keywords = {Age-related macular degeneration, Choroidal neovascularization, Diode laser, Pigment epithelial detachment, Transpupillary thermotherapy}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {175-180}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-384-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-384-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Akhbari, B. and EbrahimiTakamjani, I. and Salavati, M. and Farahini, H. and Sanjari, M. A.}, title = {Ankle musculature latency measurement to varing angles of sudden external oblique perturbation in normal functionally unstable ankles}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Several studies have examined the reflex response of ankle musculature to sudden inversion in noninjured and injured subjects. To date, there have been no studies to determine the effect of versatile degrees & conditions of perturbation on the ankle musculature latency. The purpose of this study was to measure and determine whether there was a difference in ankle musculature latency measurements at 10°, 20°, and 30° in the oblique plane on a dual tilting platform (APS) between normal and functionally unstable ankles under different conditions of perturbation. Methods: The musculature latency of 15 healthy subjects (8 females, 7 males age range, 18 to 30 years) and 15 patients with functional ankle instability (FAI) (8 females, 7 males age range, 18 to 30 years) were examined with surface EMG after sudden inversion of the ankle by APS. Results: In all angles of the oblique plane, the latency of Peroneus longus, Tibialis anterior, Peroneus brevis, and Soleus were significantly longer in subjects with unstable ankles under expected and unexpected conditions. Unexpected conditions led to increase the latency of ankle musculature, both for normal and functionally unstable ankles. Conclusion: The significantly longer onset and peak latency of ankle musculature during sudden inversion in the standing position in subjects with unstable ankles is explained by proprioceptive deficit in sensorimotor control of functionally unstable ankles. Unexpected external perturbations of body equilibrium elicit compensatory postural reflexes which cause longer latency of ankle musculature during varying angles of perturbation.}, Keywords = {Latency, Oblique Perturbation, Functional Ankle Instability, EMG}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {166-174}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-382-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-382-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Khavaninzadeh, M. and Yadollahzadeh, M. and Gholipour, F.}, title = {Comparison between complications of vascular surgery procedures with and without aPPT assessment and protamine sulfate reversal}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Thrombosis will occur due to contact of blood with unepithelialized surfaces after vascular clamping and also blood stasis during vascular surgery. Heparin is administered to prevent thrombosis. The aPTT test is used for assurance of the anticoagulative effect of heparin. At the end of the operation heparin is neutralized by protamine sulfate in some centers. In this study we assessed the necessity of aPTT and the use of protamine during vascular surgery. Methods: In this case-control survey 154 cases of vascular surgery were divided in to two groups, while the groups were matched regarding age, underlying disease and for vascular complications during the first postoperative 24 hours. In group A (62 cases), aPTT was determined after 2 minutes of heparin administration but heparin was not neutralized by protamine at the end of the operation. In group B (92 cases), aPTT was not determined after heparin administration but heparin was neutralized by an appropriate dose of protamine at the end of the operation. Results: Complications were seen in 4 cases of vascular surgery (2.6 %): right leg embolus in 1 case (0.65 %), spinal ischemia in 1 case (0.65 %), neuropathy in 1 case (0.6%) and hypotension due to protamine in 1 case (0.65 %). 3 cases were from group Aand 1 case was from group B, but differences were not statistically significant although the power is high enough (power=70%). Conclusion: According to our findings it seems with appropriate techniques and accomplishing surgical principles, there is no need for aPTT assessment and protamine administration. This can reduce the cost and duration of operation, its complications, and prevent adverse reactions to protamine.}, Keywords = {Vascular surgery, Complications, aPTT, Heparin, Protamine}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {161-165}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-383-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-383-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {KhajoueiKermani, H. and Afsharfard, A. and Zeynalzadeh, M. and Najafbeigi, A. and Yavari, P. and KalantarMotamedi, M. R.}, title = {Cosmetic surgical repair of contaminated wounds versus traditional loose approximation: Does it increase the rate of wound infections?}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: The cosmetic result of the surgical scar has long been considered by surgeons as an important factor for patient satisfaction. On the other hand, there has been an old teaching that perfect closure of contaminated wounds increases the rate of infection. We decided to look into this matter and see if this is a fact or a myth. Methods: In this prospective randomized study conducted on 200 patients with suppurative or gangrenous appendicitis, we closed the wounds with a cosmetic subcuticular suture of 4/0 nylon in 100 patients and in the other 100 patients the wound was approximated loosely with a few stitches of 3/0 nylon in vertical mattress fashion during a 14-month period. Results: There was no significant difference in the rate of wound infection between these two groups. Conclusions: This study shows that perfect closure of the wound with subcuticular closure, which gives a very good cosmetic result in comparison with traditional loose closure, does not increase the rate of wound infection.}, Keywords = {Appendectomy, Wound infection, Subcuticular suture, Vertical mattress suture}, volume = {20}, Number = {4}, pages = {158-160}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-381-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-381-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2007} }