@article{ author = {DANESHPAZHOOH, M and CHAMS, C and NARAGHI, ZS and AKHYANI, M and ARAD, S and GHODSI, SZ and SOTOODEH, S}, title = {THE ASSOCIATION OF THYMOMA AND SUPERFICIAL PEMPHIGUS IN AN OLD WOMAN}, abstract ={The association of pemphigus and thymoma is real, although rare. We report a 73-year-old woman presenting with cutaneous bullac and erosions superimposed on erythematous and urticarial plaques, and a positive Nikolsky sign. She. had a large mediastinal mass that proved to be a benign thymoma. Her skin biopsy and direct immunofluorescence test were suggestive of superficial pemphigus.}, Keywords = {Thymoma, Pemphigus}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {411-413}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-850-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-850-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {DAVARI, HR}, title = {INTRALARYNGOTRACHEAL GOITER: A CASE PRESENTATION AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE}, abstract ={Thyroid tissue located within the upper airway has received only sparse attention in the English literature. Aberrant benign thyroid masses may present as either an unrelated autopsy finding or with symptoms such as dyspnea, hemoptysis or adult -onset asthma. There is no place for medical management in the therapy of these lesions, although the appropriate surgical procedure is not clearly established. In this article a patient with respiratory distress and subglottic goiter is presented. She had subtotal thyroidectomy performed for goiter about 10 years ago. She was managed with tracheotomy and submucosal resection of subglottic thyroid tissue, followed by iodine ablation therapy and thyroid hormone replacement.}, Keywords = {Subglottic goiter, Laryngotracheal goiter, Ectopic thyroid tissue.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {407-410}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-849-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-849-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {TORABI-NEZHAD, S and YOUSEFI, YOSEF and HOSEIN-ZADEH, MASOOD}, title = {PANCREATIC SCHWANNOMA: A CASE REPORT}, abstract ={Schwannomas may occur anywhere in the soft tissues or viscera, but do not commonly involve the pancreas and retroperitoneum. We present a case of benign pancreatic schwannoma which clinically simulated a malignant neoplastic process.}, Keywords = {Schwannoma, Pancreas}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {403-405}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-848-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-848-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {FROUTAN, H and MANSOURGHANAIE, F and GHOFRANI, H}, title = {THE ROLE OF ENDOSCOPY IN BILIARY ASCARIASIS: A CASE REPORT}, abstract ={Biliary ascariasis is a common disease in certain geographical areas of the world. The adult form of the worm usually lives in the human intestine. Biliary complications due to ascaris infestation are uncommon but are becoming an important clinical problem, as fatal cases have been reported in the literature. Many authors have recommended traditional surgical treatment for removal of the worms. Since the development of endoscopy and related techniques, it has become possible to treat biliary ascariasis endoscopically. In this article, we have presented a case of biliary ascariasis which was diagnosed with ultrasonography and confirmed with ERCP. We have also assessed the role of endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in the literature.}, Keywords = {Ascariasis, Biliary Tract Diseases, Sphincterotomy, Endoscopy, Ascaris lumbricoides.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {399-402}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-847-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-847-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {GERAMIZADEH, B and AZIZI, S}, title = {INVASIVE GASTRIC MUCORMYCOSIS: REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITER ATURE}, abstract ={Invasive gastric mucormycosis is a rare and fatal disease. We report a rare case with longstanding SLE who presented with fever. Autopsy showed multiple small shallow-based ulcers in the antrum. Histologic examination showed invasive mucormycosis. This is a rare case of invasive gastric mucormycosis localized exelusively in the stomach.}, Keywords = {Stomach, mucormycosis, immunocompromised patients, gastric ulceration.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {397-398}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-846-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-846-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {SABERI, H and JAHANZAD, I and HUSSAINKHAN, Z and SAFFARIAN, N}, title = {PARAGANGLIOMA OF THE FILUM TERMINALE EXTERNUM AND CONCURRENT ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION: A CASE REPORT}, abstract ={Paragangliomas are extra-adrenal counterparts of pheochromocytomas and are found at various anatomical sites such as the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, jugular foramen and carotid bifurcation, the latter two fonns being coined as chemodectomas. The vertebral column, especially the llUllbar zone, is one of the rarest sites to be involved by paragangliomas. These lesions may have secretory functions and produce symptoms and signs mimicking cathecholamine oversecretion as was noticed in our case. A 60-year-old woman with a sacral mass, backache, and cauda equina syndrome along with arterial hypertension is being presented who had been managed with antihypertensive medications. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed involvement of sacral canal and L5 and S 1 bodies producing a soft tissue bulge near the right buttock and computed tomography showed a destructive sacral lesion. Surgery was performed to resect the turnor mass and surprisingly the postoperative blood pressure reached the normal range and henceforth antihypertensive therapy was withheld. Tissue diagnosis of paraganglioma was made on the basis of histopathological examination and ascertained by immunohistochemical study for chromogranin, neuron specific enolase, synaptophysin and S 1 00 protein. One month later the tumor site was subjected to radiation for any remnants following surgery. After two years, the patient was found to be doing well and had been normotensive Without medications. Spinal paragangliomas are treated with total excision and irradiation for residual tumor, if present. The role of immunohistochemistry could not be overemphasized for diagnostic confirmation.}, Keywords = {Paraganglioma, Systemic hypertension, Immunohistochemistry.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {393-396}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-845-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-845-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {OSTAD, SN and KEBRIAEE-ZADEH, A and ZAREKAMALI, R and ABDOLLAHI, M and MARZBAN, H and AKHGARI, M}, title = {THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF INDOMETHACINE ON SULFUR MUSTARD-INDUCED OCULAR DAMAGE IN THE RABBIT EYE}, abstract ={Sulfur mustard, a bifunctional alkylating agent, causes severe eye injury. The injury is a result of late inflammation, which is mediated by prostaglandins. Theoretically, inhibition of prostaglandins by reagents such as indomethacine could result in alleviation of clinical adverse effects. In this study, the protective effect of topically applied indomethacine against sulfur mustard toxicity was assessed on the rabbit eye. Ocular toxicity was studied by using light microscopy, electron microscopy and visual inspection methods. Methods used in this assay showed that 100 µL of indomethacine solution (0.5% W N) two hours before exposure and throughout the experiment could markedly decrease the toxic effects of mustard.}, Keywords = {Mustard, Inflammation, Cornea, Indomethacine, Eye, Ocular}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {385-391}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-844-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-844-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {KERMANIZADEH, P and HAGAN, P and CROMPTON, DWT}, title = {INFLUENCE OF NERVE TISSUE-DERIVED NEUROTRANSMITTERS ON MAST CELL MIGRATION}, abstract ={In vitro culture systems using bone marrow cells from BALB/C mice were set up in medium supplemented with spleen-derived medium. Bone marrow cells grown in spleen-derived medium gave rise to cultures containing >97% mast cells. The cells were used in polarisation chemotaxis assays with the intention of determining the effect of nerve tissue-derived neurotransmitters on mast cell migration. Some available neurotransmitters including (substance-p, histamine, serotonin, Dopa, noradrenaline, acetylcholine, aspartic acid, epinephrine and nerve extracts) were tested. Mast cells showed a significant morphological response to 10-3 and 10-4 M histamine, 10-9 M serotonin, and 10'2 M Dopa Nerve extracts induced some shape changes in mast cells.}, Keywords = {Mast cell, Nerve tissue mediators, Chemotaxis.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {379-383}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-843-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-843-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {SHACKEBAEI, D}, title = {EFFECT OF CYANIDE IN CARDIOPLEGIC SOLUTION ON ISOLATED RAT HEART FUNCTION}, abstract ={It has been known that cardiomyocytes possess a remarkable ability to downregulate their energy expenditure on restricted 02 supply. However it has also been speculated that an ability to suppress aerobic respiration and ATP utilization could be a protective response to prolonged hypoxia. Having the role of the cytochrome oxidase enzyme in mind, one can ask if its inhibition by using cyanide has a role in improving the heart's function after the cardioplegic period. In order to answer this question, the present study was carried out on two groups of rats. The test and control groups included 10 male rats. Each animal in both test and control groups received cyanide (LP., 1.6 mg/kg/ day) and saline (1 ml/day) respectively, and each heart experienced three stages: 1) normal activity, 2) cardioplegia, and 3) reperfusion stage. St-Thomas II cardioplegic solution was used while it contained 0.5 mmol/L cyanide in the test group. The results indicated that recovery percentage in the reperfusion stage, for the De.L. v.P. and dp/dt parameters were significantly higher in the test [(14S.1%±11.97) and (l30.97%±9.619)] than the control group [(91.62%±4.S9) and (96.1 %±4.91)] [(P<0.01) and (p<0.005)]. H.R. parameters, the rate of coronary solution flow, the variations of left ventricular diastolic pressure in the reperfusion period and tissue pathologic damages did not show significant differences between the two groups. These results indicated that the application of cyanide in cardioplegic solution induces an improvement of cardiac function in relation to the control group which is likely to be due to the impact of cyanide on cytochrome oxidase.}, Keywords = {Cardioplegia, Cyanide, Cytochrome oxidase.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {373-378}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-842-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-842-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {FALLAH, M and HAGHIGHI, A and TACHIBANA, H}, title = {PRELIMINARY COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA AND ENTAMOEBA DISPAR BY PCR TECHNIQUE IN IRAN}, abstract ={It has been suggested that two distinct species exist within what was originally known as Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar. These are Entamoeba dispar for the nonpathogenic and E. histolytica for the pathogenic fonn. Differentiation of these two organisms is of great clinical importance since they are morphologically indistinguishable and both fonns can infect the human intestinal cavity. A study was carried out to differentiate E. histolytica from E. dispar by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two sets of primers (p11plus p12 and p13 plus p14) specific for either species of ameba. The extracted DNA was used for the identification of the species in the stool and culture media by PCR. A total of 16 samples, cysts and trophozoites, were analyzed. In all, 15 samples reacted with E. dispar primers, resulting in the expected 10 I-bp PCR products however, none of these reacted with E. histolytica primers. Only one sample reacted with E. histolytica primers. Because of high sensitivity of the PCR method and the high risk of laboratory contamination during processing and extracting DNA and its polymerization, and because of many existing cultures of E. histolytica in the same laboratory, the chance of contamination can not be ruled out in the single case of E. histolytica. This preliminary study could be an introduction for a PCR -based epidemiological study to detennine the importance of E. histolytica in Iran.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {369-372}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-841-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-841-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {MOHAMMADINAGHADEH, M and McGRATH, JC}, title = {SUBTYPES OF α1-ADRENOCEPTORS IN RABBIT SAPHENOUS VEIN}, abstract ={We investigated the a,-adrenoceptor subtypes of rabbit saphenous vein which has a mixed functional population of α1 and α2 -adrenoceptors. Lateral saphenous veins were obtained from male rabbits weighing 3.20-4 kg, which were killed by overdose with pentobarbitone sodium (i.v. injection). They were easily dissected out and placed in cold, oxygenated modified Krebs-Henselite solution (Krebs). Each preparation was cut transversely into 3-4 mm rings and suspended between thick wire supports. The vein rings were mounted in 10 mL isolated organ bath, bathed in Krebs maintained at 37°C and gassed with 95% 02 plus 5% CO2, Cumulative concentration-response curves (CCRC) were constructed by increasing the concentration of the agonists in half-log increments. The preparations were left for a further period of 45-60 min before re-exposure to the agonist. Competitive antagonists like prazosin and rauwolscine were incubated in preparations at least for 45 minutes prior to the onset of a second CCRC. The strategy was based on using the a1-adrenoceptor selective agonist, phenylephrine (PE). Prazosin, an α1 -adrenoceptor selective antagonist, competitively inhibited contractile responses to phenylephrine with a pA2 value of 8, WB-41 0 1 had a pA2 of 8.6 but a low Schild plot slope, while low potency was found with 5MU (PA2 7.2) and HV -723 (pA2 7.97). This data is not consistent with a definitive for αlA or αlN and taken alone the evidence from prazosin is in favour of αIL' However the selective α2- adrenoceptor antagonist delequamine inhibited phenylephrine-induced contractions. Overall the data is consistent with phenylephrine-induced contractions being mediated by a,- and a2 -adrenoceptors. The best estimate of the subtype of ajadrenoceptor mediating contraction is aiL due to the relatively low absolute pA2 values for prazosin.}, Keywords = {α1-adrenoceptor subtypes, phenylephrine, prazosin, delequamine, WB-4101, SMU, HV-723.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {363-367}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-840-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-840-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {EBTEKAR, M and KHANSARI, N and SARRAFNEJAD, A}, title = {DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF SURFACE MARKERS CD45RB AND CD44 ON MURINE CD8+ CELLS}, abstract ={Considering the emerging importance of phenotypic markers as indicators of cell function and differentiation, we studied patterns ofCD44 and CD45RB expression in CD8+ murine T cells with prior exposure to antigen or staphylococcal enterotoxin B ( SEB ). Following in vivo priming with two purified protein derivatives (one from a virulent WHO strain and the other from an avirulent strain), T cell enrichment was performed on murine spleen cells and followed by in vitro restimulation with SEB. Flow-cytometry studies were done to monitor the expression ofCD44 or CD45RB. Results indicate that primed or memory CD8+ cells do not display any significant change in the expression ofCD45RB. The expression ofCD44 exhibited significant variations among unprimed and primed mice and between different antigens. We were also able to see differential expression relevant to the virulence of the bacterial strain. This study suggests that by activation of those populations ofCD8+, CD44+ cells, resistance to virulent bacteria occurs.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {359-362}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-839-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-839-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {SADRAEISADRAEI, H and HAJHASHEMI, V and GHANNADI, A and MOHSENI, M}, title = {ANTISPASMODIC EFFECT OF AERIAL PART OF TEUCRIUM POLIUM L. ESSENTIAL OIL ON RAT ISOLATED ILEUM IN VITRO}, abstract ={Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae) is used in the traditional medicine of Iran for the treatment of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The essential oil from the aerial parts of T polium was assessed for antispasmodic activity and compared with the effect of atropine and dicyclomine. Acetylcholine and KC I were used for induction of contraction on rat isolated ileum. Teucrium polium essential oil (TPEO) at concentrations of 8.6 to 34.4 µg/mL attenuated the maximum inducible response to acetylcholine concentration-response curve. It also inhibited the response to 80 mM KC I in a concentration dependent manner (pD2= 1.2±0 .13). Dicyclomine (3.46 & 34.6 ng/mL) also reduced the response to acetylcholine on rat isolated ileum and inhibited KC1-induced contractions while atropine only inhibited the response to acetylcholine. This study shows that TPEO is a relaxant of rat isolated ileum and may have some clinical benefits for gastrointestinal disorders such as colic.}, Keywords = {Teucrium polium L., Lamiaceae, Essential oil, Antispasmodic}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {355-358}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-838-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-838-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {JALALI, M and NEYESTANI, TR and KESHAVARZ, SA and SIASSI, F}, title = {THE EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID ON BLOOD HISTAMINE LEVEL AND DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY IN GUINEA PIGS}, abstract ={The effect of ascorbic acid on blood histamine level and delayed-type hypersensitivity was studied in thirty male guinea pigs. Animals were sensitized to B.C.G., trichophytin and mallein during the first four weeks. The diet was ad libitum during this period. After this "sensitization period" animals w er e tested intradermally with tuberculin, trichophytin and mallein. The number and diameter of positive delayed type hypersensitivity responses (antigenic and cumulative scores) were evaluated as an effector state of cell mediated immunity. Animals were fed low, adequate or high ascorbate diets (0.5, 2.0 or 50 mg ascorbate x 100g body wt-1xd-1) for the next four weeks. Antigenic and cumulative scores were evaluated after this period once again. Mean liver ascorbate paralleled dietary intake and the values obtained w er e significantly different in the three groups. Blood histamine was significantly depressed in the high ascorbate group compared to the adequate and low ascorbate groups, and liver ascorbate was inversely correlated to blood histamine levels (r= -0.97, p<0.001). Although mean antigenic and cumulative scores in the low ascorbate group were lower than those of adequate and high ascorbate groups, the differences were not significant. It was concluded that ascorbate may enhance immune function through detoxifying histamine, an immunodepressor compound. However, the immunostimulatory effect of ascorbate on cell mediated immunity was not confirmed in this study. In chronic ascorbate deficiency, there may be a predisposition to infectious diseases due to depressed immune function, at least because of disturbances in metabolism of other nutrients influencing immune responsiveness, especially iron and folate.}, Keywords = {Ascorbic acid, Histamine, Delayed-type hypersensitivity, Guinea pigs.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {351-354}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-836-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-836-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {ZAMANI, A and SHAJARI, H and SEDIGHY, I}, title = {STUDY ON THE EF FICACY OF RECOMBINANT HEPATITIS B VACCINE IN IRANIAN INFANTS}, abstract ={In order to determine the efficacy of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in Iranian infants, we analyzed the efficacy of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in 115 infants aged 12-24 months born to HBsAg negative mothers who received three doses of HBV Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) was checked after the third dose of the vaccine, 94.8% of the infants had developed protective antibody levels. The vaccine was well-tolerated and no serious adverse effects were reported. This study is in agreement with a WHO report which recommends that the easiest and most cost-effective strategy for the control and eventual eradication of HBV would be to immunize all newborns with hepatitis B vaccine only [World Health Organization report, 1984].}, Keywords = {hepatitis B vaccine, infant, efficacy, immunization.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {347-349}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-835-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-835-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {A. IZADPANAH, A}, title = {IS BILE SCOLECIDAL?}, abstract ={Spillage of scoleces is a major problem in surgery of hydatid cysts, because each of them may develop into a new cyst if it settles on a suitable site such as the peritoneum. Many surgeons believe that scoleces in ruptured hydatid cysts of the liver containing bile are not able to develop new cysts, because bile kills thein. In order to prove this idea, the viability of scoleces in such cysts was assessed and the effect of bile on live scoleces of unruptured liver cysts of sheep and human beings was also assessed in the laboratory. It was concluded that bile is not scolecidal, and an unfavorable environment is the cause of death bf the •scoleces. Scoleces in ruptured cysts may be alive and able to develop a new cyst. Therefore the surgeon should use all necessary precautions to prevent spillage.}, Keywords = {Hydatid cyst, scoleces, bile.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {343-345}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-834-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-834-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {JAHANFAR, SHAYESTEH and EDEN, JOHNA}, title = {ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND POLYCYSTIC OVARIES}, abstract ={This study was designed to investigate the effect of environmental factors on the appearance of polycystic ovaries (PCO) during the first two decades of life. Ninety-four female-female twins who underwent a transabdominal ultrasound at the Royal Hospital for Women were sent a questionnaire asking about their birth details, feeding history as a baby, childhood illnesses and vaccination as well as exercise patterns. Seventy-seven subjects returned the questionnaire. All of the variables were studied in two groups of subjects those with ultrasound evidence of polycystic ovaries (US-PCO, n= 37) and those with normal ovaries (US-normal, n= 40). The data were also analyzed in a group of scan-discordant twins (7 pairs) in whom one of the twins had US-PCO and the co-twin had normal ovaries. Analyzing the data from the whole database suggested that US-PCO subjects had lower birth weight compared to US-normals. Vaccination against mumps was also found to be significantly higher in the US-PCO group compared with US-normals. Matched results for scan-discordant twins did not confirm these results. Other environmental variables such as feeding history, type of delivery, birth order and physical activity during the first 20 years of age did not seem to have any significant influence on the prevalence of PCO. No significant difference was found in childhood illnesses between the groups. In conclusion, this study examined the effect of some environmental factors during childhood and early adulthood. Analyzing the whole database and scan-discordant twins failed to show any particular environmental factor associated with PCO.}, Keywords = {Polycystic ovary, Twin study, Environmental factors.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {337-342}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-833-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-833-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {FARAHMAND, F}, title = {EVALU ATI ON OF THE CAUSES OF CHOLESTASIS IN INFANTS}, abstract ={During a period of three years from 1996 to 1998, 124 infants (64 male and 60 female) with an age range of 1-6 months (mean age 1.5 months) with cholestasis were studied. Idiopathic neonatal hepatitis was the most common cause of cholestasis, accounting for 48 cases with a rate of 3'8.70% in a total of 124 patients, followed by galactosemia in 29 patients (23.38%) and extrahepatic biliary atresia in 20 patients (16.12%). The prompt identification and diagnostic assessment of these infants are imperative to early surgical intervention (e.g. in biliary atresia) and specific medical therapy (e.g. in galactosemia) and in order to institute effective nutritional and medical support to allow optimal growth and development and prevent progressive liver disease and death.}, Keywords = {Cholestasis, Infants, Idiopathic neonatal hepatitis, Extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA).}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {333-335}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-832-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-832-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {GHORESHI, Z and AHALEY, SK and RASOOLI, I}, title = {EFFEC T OF HEMODI ALYSIS ON TRACE ELEMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE AND CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE}, abstract ={Hemodialysis is being implicated in the development of metabolic disturbances, as complications have been observed and the role of trace metals in their development has been questioned. In 78 renal failure patients who underwent hemodialysis, serum levels of zinc and copper were determined before and after first hemodialysis. Acute and chronic renal failure patients were found to have lower serum zinc levels before hemodialysis and higher levels after hemodialysis, while serum copper levels were found to be higher before hemodialysis and to increase further after hemodialysis. Disturbances in acid-base balance lead to acidosis which can alter the binding, transport and excretion of these elements. Dialysis fluid containing salts of trace elements may have also contributed to this alteration of trace element levels.}, Keywords = {Blood trace metals, Hemodialysis, Renal failure.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {329-331}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-831-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-831-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {AYATOLLAHI, SMT}, title = {REFERENCE CHARTS FOR ARM, CHEST AND HEAD CIRCUMFERENCES OF SOUTH IRANIAN INFANTS}, abstract ={The reference charts for mid upper arm (MUAC), chest (CHC) and head (HC) circumferences of a cohort of 317 healthy infants (153 boys and 164 girls) born in Shiraz (Southern Iran) and monitored from birth for 2 years are presented. Centiles for MUAC and HC lie below the Netherlands and US subjects respectively. However, there is no suggestion of ill health for Iranian subjects. The use of locally based MUAC, HC, and CHC charts are essential for clinical work in Iran. Operational simplicity and measurement validity and accuracy suggest that monitoring these measurements should be performed both by health workers in the Iran primary health care system and by mothers for preventive measures as well as child health promotion and development. The paper concludes that the charts presented here are likely to be applied to the urban infant population of Iran due to its structural representativeness and sophisticated methodology.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {321-327}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-830-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-830-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {BEHDAD, A and HOSSEINPOOR, M}, title = {Z-PLA STY FOR TREATMENT OF THE RESIDUAL CAVITY AFTER P ILONIDAL SINUS EXCISION}, abstract ={In order to evaluate the outcome and complications of Z plasty in pilonidal cyst repair, 90 patients with pilonidal cysts of the natal cleft were selected and repaired by Z-plasty in Al-Zahra hospital. The patients were followed for 6 months and complications such as seroma, infection and relapse were evaluated. The incidence of seroma, infection and relapse after Z-plasty was 12%,3.3% and 3.6%, respectively. These results show that Z-plasty is an effective form of operation for pilonidal cyst treatment.}, Keywords = {Z-plasty, pilonidal cyst}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {317-319}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-829-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-829-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {NAVABISHIRAZI, A and ALAVIANGHAVANINI, A and SAJJADI, S}, title = {EARLY POST-OPERATIVE RESULTS AFTER TOTAL CORRECTION OF TETRALOGY OF FALL OT: THE EXPERIENCE IN SHIRAZ, IRAN}, abstract ={In order to compare early post-operative results in primary versus two-stage repair of tetralogy of Fallot at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, one􀁱hundred and eleven patients with tetralogy of Fallot with right ventricle to pulmonary artery continuity and no other major associated anomaly were repaired in one center by one surgeon in a one or two-stage protocol. Those patients who were initially palliated with shunt were either referred from other centers for total correction, presented with cyanotic spells, or were shunted due to their severe and diffuse right ventricular outflow tract obstruction or pulmonary artery branch stenosis or hypoplasia. Hospital mortality and ratio of right to left ventricle pressure after correction were compared between the primary and the two-stage groups as early outcome indices. The patients were also divided to those who needed a trans-annular (TAP) or a sub-annular patch and were compared. In the primary group, 25 (37.3%) of the patients needed TAP, while in the two-stage group 28 (63.6%) needed TAP. Requirement for TAP was increased significantly with two-stage correction (p= 0.006, relative risk= 1.71, 95% CI= 1.16-2.5). Mortality was significantly higher in the primary group (p= 0.03, relative risk= 3.94, 95% CI= 0.93-16.76). In the primary group TAP significantly increased the mortality risk (p= 0.006, relative risk= 5.04, 95% CI= 1.5-16.89). In the two-stage group, there was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the patients with and without TAP. The TAP group had statistically significant less time interval between shunt and total correction. Our patients generally did better on two-stage repair, because of their older age at operation. The long period of low pulmonary blood flow has induced unbalanced. ventricles for them and exaggerated right ventricular outflow tract obstruction due to muscle hypertrophy. In such patients, shunting will prepare the left ventricle for accepting the extra blood volume that will reach it after total correction.}, Keywords = {Tetralogy of Fallot; Surgery; Treatment outcome.}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {311-316}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-828-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-828-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {MOSALAEI, AHMAD}, title = {CLINICAL FEATURES AND TREATMENT OUTCOME IN 26 CASES WITH Ki-l (CD30) POSITIVE ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA}, abstract ={In order to present the clinical features and outcome of patients with Ki-l positive lymphoma and also the role of treatment modalities in this type of malignant disease, twenty-six patients with peripheral lymphadenopathy and a biopsyproven diagnosis ofKi-l positive lymphoma referring to the Radiation Oncology Department during a seven year period were treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy according to the stage of the disease and after about 3 years of followup the outcome was evaluated. After an initial complete remission for a few months, most patients in advanced stages and a few cases in early stages developed recurrence for whom chemotherapy was started. The majority achieved remission again. After 3 years of follow 'up 18 of 26 patients were alive with no evidence of disease. As the behavior of this lymphoma is related to initial stage of disease rather than to Ki-l expression, radiation therapy may be an acceptable modality adjunctive to chemotherapy in patients with such lymphomas, particularly in those with localized disease for getting better disease control.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {4}, pages = {307-309}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-827-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-827-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2001} } @article{ author = {A. ALAVIANGHAVANINI, A}, title = {ACUTE EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOMS FOLLOWING ABRUPT DISCONTINUATION OF PROPRANOLOL}, abstract ={A case of acute extrapyramidal manifestations consisting of dystonia and akathisia following abrupt discontinuation of propranolol is reported. She responded well to oral propranolol and intramuscular diazepam. Extrapyramidal symptoms have commonly been associated with acute or chronic administration of neuroleptic drugs. There have been reports of a substantial number of cases with similar clinical characteristics associated with tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Although it is known that beta-adrenoceptor antagonists are effective in the treatment of extrapyramidal symptoms, especially akathisia, there has been no previous report of such symptoms induced by abrupt withdrawal of these drugs. Although she had been on low dose amitriptyline and had discontinued this medication long before, prolonged use of amitriptyline may have had a predisposing role in the development of these symptoms.}, Keywords = {Propranolol; Extrapyramidal symptoms; Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {305-306}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-871-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-871-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {KESHAVARZ, AA and YOUNESI, M and RAHBAR, M}, title = {SPLENIC ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA: A RARE LESION CAUSING BLEEDING ESOPHAGEAL VARICES}, abstract ={We report a case of a 40 year old man with portal hypertension caused by a splenic arteriovenous fistula that was diagnosed at laparotomy. He presented with bleeding esophageal varices and was initially treated by sclerotherapy. At laparotomy, portal pressure was 40 cmH20 but fell to 20 cm H20 after the fistula was treated with splenectomy. All symptoms disappeared shortly after operation and the patient has remained well for the past two years.}, Keywords = {Arteriovenous fistula, Portal hypertension.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {303-304}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-870-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-870-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {QUJEQ, DURDI}, title = {EFFECT OF CHRONIC LEAD POISONING ON ERYTHROCYTE PROTOPORPHYRIN IN RATS}, abstract ={Research has shown that exposure to lead may have adverse effects at different blood lead concentrations. Lead inhibits at least two enzymes that are essential for the formation of heme, and because of the interaction of lead with these enzymes, no iron is inserted into protoporphyrin. Therefore the concentration of protoporphyrin increases in erythrocytes. The concentration of lead was measured by atomic absorption at 217.0 nm. The erythrocyte protoporphyrin was determined following extraction into 90% ethanol. The concentration of protoporphyrin in the blood of the lead exposed rat group was increased compared to that in the control group [12.46 +/- 0.57 (mean +/- S.D., n= 72) vs. 3.89 +/- 0.42, n=68, µmollL, p<0.05]. The assay had excellent precision for both control and lead exposed groups (intra-assay and interassay coefficient of variation<5%). The method was linear from 0.0 to 12.46 µmollL of erythrocyte protoporphyrin. A good relationship was obtained between erythrocyte protoporphyrin value and blood lead concentration. The results suggest that the erythrocyte protoporphyrin value obtained by this method could be used as a screening test for lead poisoning}, Keywords = {Erythrocyte protoporphyrin, lead, poisoning.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {297-301}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-869-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-869-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {RAHBAR, M and LAMEI, A and GHAZI-SAIDI, K}, title = {IMPORTANCE OF CATALASE ENZYME IN VIRULENCE OF ISONIAZID RESISTANT ST RAINS OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN GUINEAPIGS}, abstract ={In this study, twenty-five strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid (INH) were isolated from patients with tuberculosis (TB). Nine strains (36%) were found to be virulent in guinea-pigs [root index virulence (RIV» 1 ]. The remaining sixteen strains (64%) were non-virulent (RIV <1). Of the nine strains resistant to INH as well as virulent to guinea-pigs, eight of them were found to be catalase positive and only one strain was catalase negative, whereas the remaining sixteen INH resistant strains were catalase negative. A strong association was observed between INH resistance and catalase positivity and virulence (p<0.0001 chi-square test). This study supports the hypothesis that catalase has an important role in the virulence of INH-resistant strains of M tuberculosis.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {293-295}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-868-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-868-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MIRZAJANI, B and FARZAMI, B and SARRAFNEJAD, A and LARIJANI, B and MYERS, M}, title = {MONOPHASIC STATE OF INSULIN SECRETION IN ISOLATED RAT ISLETS OF LANGERHANS BY K+, Ca2+ AND GLUCOSE}, abstract ={Isolation of rat islets of Langerhans was carried out by using collagenase and the destruction of exocrine tissue was performed through the injection of Hanks' solution into the common bile duct. The identification of the islets was done by techniques including the use of a stereomicroscope against a black background. Vital staining was done by an injection of neutral red solution through the abdominal aorta to observe the red tinted islets. Immunofluorescent staining with anti-insulin was done to identify islets and nuclear staining was done with propidium iodide. The microorgans were detected by a confocal microscope equipped with a laser source. The secretory activities of the islets was investigated by in vitro measurement of insulin and the effects of various concentrations of glucose, potassium and calcium ions were studied. It was found that the insulin secretion by these agents obeyed a monophasic trend which points to the depolarization effect on cytoplasmic membrane induced by these agents.}, Keywords = {Pancreas, Islets of Langerhans, Perfusion, Insulin secretion.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {289-292}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-867-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-867-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SHAFIEZADEH, M and ZARRINDAST, MR and FATHOLLAHI, Y and SEMNANIAN, S}, title = {INFLUENCES OF DIFFERENT ADRENOCEPTOR AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS ON AMPHETAMINE- INDUCED CLIMBING IN MICE}, abstract ={Administration of apomorphine and amphetamine induces climbing behavior in mice due to stimulation of brain dopamine receptors. In the present study, the effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on amphetamine-induced climbing have been investigated. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of amphetamine (2,4 and 8 mglkg) induced climbing in mice (p<O.OOO 1). The u2- adrenoceptor agonist clonidine decreased the climbing induced by amphetamine (p<0.01). The adrenoceptor antagonists prazosin, yohimbine and propranolol did not alter amphetamine response. It may be concluded that α1- and α2-adrenoceptor stimulation decreases amphetamine- induced climbing behavior indirectly through changing dopamine levels.}, Keywords = {Adrenergic agents, Amphetamine, Climbing, Mice.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {283-287}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-866-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-866-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {BAKHTIARI, J and SABERI-AFSHAR, F and NOORBALA, H and GHARAGOZLO, MJ and VESHKINI, A}, title = {URINARY BLADDER RECONSTRUCTION USING FRESH AND FORMALIN-PRESERVED BOVINE AMNION IN DOGS}, abstract ={The use of bovine amnion in the urinary tract for reconstructive purposes following ablative surgery in cases of trauma, cancer or infection is now a common practice in urological surgery. To evaluate urinary bladder reconstruction with bovine amniotic membrane (BAM), ten healthy mongrel dogs of either sex weighing 10-40 kg were used. The animals were randomly divided into two groups of five animals each. A piece of the cranial wall of the bladder 5 cm in diameter was resected and replaced with fresh and formalin-preserved BAM respectively. The graft compatibility was evaluated on the basis of clinical, biochemical ultrasonographical, radiological and histopathological changes. Clinically all of the dogs were dull and depressed with blood tinged urine for the first few post-operative days. The biochemical parameters didn't show any significant changes in BUN and creatinine. Ultrasonographic findings consisted of floating masses in the bladder lumen (40%), chronic cystitis (10%), bladder adhesion with adjacent tissues (90%) and radiological findings were lack of normal distension of the graft site (100%) and filling defect (30%). No inflammatory responses and leakage were observed. The regeneration of uroepithelium, and proliferation of granulation tissue, infiltration of lymphoid cells, degenerative changes at the junction of the bladder and graft and heterotopic bone formation were observed. Keeping in view the compatibility of the fresh and preserved BAM, this study showed that it can act as a scaffold for repairing urinary bladder defects in dogs.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {277-281}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-865-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-865-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {ASADIKARAM, GR and KOOTEN, CV and RASAEE, MJ and DAHA, MR and ZANDBERGEN, GV and ASGHAR, SS}, title = {EXPRESSION OF HUMAN PROTEINASE 3 IN CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY CELLS (CHO-CELLS)}, abstract ={Proteinase 3(PR3) is a human polymorphonuclear leukocyte serine proteinase and is the main target antigen for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) found in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). We developed a stable expression system for conformationally intact recombinant PR3 (rPR3) in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-cells). The part of PR3 cDNA that encoded the active form of PR3 was selected by using appropriate primers, and a signal sequence was also added in front ofPR3 eDNA. The signal sequencePR3 (S-PR3) was cloned into the pME 18 expression vector and the result product was electroporated into E. coli (DH5 a strain). After isolation and purification, the presence of pMEI8-S-PR3 was confirmed by using appropriate restriction endonuclease and agarose gel electrophoresis. The pMEI8- S-PR3 was electroporated with CHO-cells and the presence of rPR3 was tested in culture medium after 10 days. There was 12 ng/mL rPR3 in culture medium that had activity and was recognized by ANCA in ELISA.}, Keywords = {Proteinase 3, ANCA, Expression system, CHO-cell.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {271-276}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-864-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-864-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {QUJEQ, DURDI and USEFNIAPASHA, Q}, title = {DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF 4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXYMANDELIC ACID (VANILLYLMANDELIC ACID) IN URINE BY PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY}, abstract ={We have developed a simple and precise paper chromatographic method for the determination of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid (VMA) in urine. Concentrations of VMA in patients with neuroblastoma were increased in comparison to controls. The linearity was excellent in the concentration range tested. The within-assay coefficient of variation for control and patient urine was less than 2.2%. The recovery was in the range of 97.9-99.4%. Results from testing urine samples of controls and patients with neuroblastoma suggest that this method is a reliable and convenient system for quantification of VMA in urine and can be used in the mass screening of neuroblastoma in infants. Sample preparation requires minimal time and the entire procedure is completed within 5 h.}, Keywords = {Vanillylmandelic acid, paper chromatography, neuroblastoma.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {267-270}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-863-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-863-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {ZARRINDAST, MR and REZAYAT, M and ZOLFAGHARPOOR, MR}, title = {EFFECTS OF CCK RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS ON MORPHINE-INDUCED ANTINOCICEPTION IN MICE}, abstract ={In the present study the effects of both CCK receptor agonists and antagonists on antinociception induced by morphine in the tail-flick test have been evaluated. M orphine induced dose-dependent antinociception in mice. The response of morphine was potentiated by sulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8S) but not by unsulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8U). The CCK receptor antagonists MK-329 and L-365, 260 decreased the potentiation of morphine antinociception induced by CCK-8S.•The antagonists even decreased the response induced by morphine in the pre5ence ofCCK-8U. High doses ofMK-329 and L-365, 260 also potentiated morphine's antinociception. Single administration of the CCK receptor agonists CCK-8 and CCK-8U or CCK receptor antagonists did not elicit any response in the tail-flick test. It is concluded that CCK receptor mechanisms are involved in the modulation of pain response and/or morphine antinociception.}, Keywords = {CCK agents, morphine, antinociception, mice}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {261-266}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1652-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1652-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {RASSAIAN, N and SADEGHIGHANDEHARI, N and NAKHAEI, S and TAJASOB, B}, title = {ATTITUDE AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS IN RESEARCH-CENTERED TEACHING METHOD}, abstract ={Man's instinct for exploring is the most natural way to enhance motivation and, consequently, cognition. In the research-centered teaching method, developed after many y ears of teaching experience, the principles mentioned in textbooks are not presented directly instead, the lecture begins by posing an initial question about how scientists have discovered a certain principle. Students are encouraged to explore a way to reach the answer and voluntarily suggest a proposal. The lecturer refines their views from scientific, methodological and ethical aspects, guides their thoughts towards a conclusion, and introduces their proposals' related references. The session then continues with customary lecturing. This investigation-which was carried out to evaluate the effects of the initial research-centered teaching stage in the beginning of every session-assessed the medical student's attitudes by using a questionnaire, and their knowledge by taking an examination including a test exam, research essay and class attentiveness from 1993-95. The results indicated that 84.3% of the 562 students obviously preferred the research-centered method to a customary way to lecturing. Statistical analyses were carried out on students' attitude variables in cognition, enthusiasm, anxiety, and not interested categories. It was concluded that cognition is in favour of the research-centered method which, by way of exploratory thinking is related to increased enthusiasm among the students (p= 0.001). Mean scores for research exam and class attentiveness were also higher in this group compared with those who chose only customary lecturing (p<0.05).}, Keywords = {Research-centered teaching method, Motivation, Cognition, Academic achievement}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {253-260}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-862-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-862-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {KEYHANI, M and SABERI, H and AHMADIEH, H}, title = {DEMONSTRATION OF LOCAL ANTITOXOPLASMIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN G PRODUCTION IN OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS, TRACED BY ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY OF AQUEOUS HUMOR AND SERUM}, abstract ={Forty patients with cataracts, as well as 40 patients with proven ocular toxoplasmosis were enrolled in this prospective clinical study. Serum IgG and aqueous IgG in both groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the corresponding ratios were calculated. Serum IgG/aqueous humor IgG ratio was less than 100 in the patient group and more than 100 in the control group. On the other hand in the chorioretinitis subgroup the ratio was less than 13, while in the group With uveitis, the ratio was more than 13 (p<0.05). The results revealed that calculating the ratio of Serum IgG (antitoxo) / Aqueous IgG (antitoxo) may be helpful as an adjunct to diagnosis in cases with clinically atypical ocular toxoplasmosis.}, Keywords = {Ocular toxoplasmosis, Aqueous humor, Immunoglobulin G, ELISA}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {249-251}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1649-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1649-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {BIRJANDI, AR and ZABIHYAN, S}, title = {TREATMENT OF SPONTANEOUS INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE USING UROKINASE}, abstract ={Twenty patients with intracranial hematoma (ICH or IVH) were treated with direct infusion of urokinase through a catheter. Reduction of hematoma volume was observed within a few days. Twelve patients showed good or excellent outcome. No infection or rebleeding was observed.}, Keywords = {Intracerebral hematoma, Treatment, Urokinase, Hypertension}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {245-248}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1647-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1647-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {BEHTASH, N and MODARES, M and GHAEM-MAGHAMI, F and MOUSAVI, A and SALEHI, K}, title = {NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY WITH VINCRISTINE AND CISPLATIN FOLLOWED BY RADICAL HYSTERECTOMY AND PELVIC LYMPH ADENECTOMY FOR FIGO STAGE IB BULKY CERVICAL CANCER}, abstract ={Twenty patients with bulky (>4 cm size) FIGO stage IB cervical cancer were treated with cisplatin 50 mg/m2 and vincristine 1 mg/m2, administered intravenously at 10-day intervals for a total of 3 courses before radical hysterectomy. A complete clinical response was noted in 1 patient (5%) and partial response in 5 (25%). Fourteen patients (70%) had stable disease. There was no grade 3 toxicity noted. Of the 20 patients who received chemotherapy (ChT), 3 patients had parametrial and para-aortic involvement in these cases, the operation was aborted and radiation therapy given. The remaining 17 patients underwent radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy 10-15 days following ChT. Five of these patients (29.4%) had pelvic node metastases. Three patients had positive margins. These 8 patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Twenty-four months later 15 patients were alive (87%) and 2 had died.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {241-243}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-861-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-861-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {KHADEMI, BIJAN and GANDOMI, BEHROOZ}, title = {THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY OF HEAD AND NECK MASSES}, abstract ={In an attempt to determine the diagnostic value of FNA biopsy of head and neck masses, we reviewed FNAs performed on target lesions of the head and neck in1 59 patients who subsequently underwent surgery in Khalili hospital dur-. ing a 55 month period. Results ofFNAs were compared with postsurgical histologic diagnoses. These 159 cases were broken down into four categories: thyroid masses 34 , lymph nodes 3 6, salivary gland masses 58 , and masses not classified in the first three categories 31 . Values of specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive vlaue (in diagnosing malignancy) and negative predictive value (in diagnosis of benign disease) were calculated for each category and for all masses. Overall, we obtained a sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 94%, positive predictive value of 84% and negative predictive value of90% that was comparable with several other studies performed elsewhere, except that our elevated numbers of false negative in the salivary gland category lowered the sensitivity of FNA in this category to 57% and the overall sensitivity to 77%. The other disparity between our results and those of other studies I is our slightly elevated false negative rate (6.9%), overall sensitivity.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {237-240}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-860-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-860-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {JAHANFAR, S and SADATHASHEMI, M and RAMEZANITEHRANI, F}, title = {BONE DENSITOMETRY OF MENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN TEHRAN}, abstract ={Using a cluster sampling method, a group of menopausal women from three geographic areas in Tehran were asked to participate in the study. Demographic data was obtained using a questionnaire. Subjects were than referred to perform bone mass densitometry (BMD). The relationship between various variables (i.e. age of menarche, number of years of endogenous estrogen exposure, ... ) with mineral density of the lumbar spine and femur were sought. Results showed that the incidence of bone loss during menopause was high among these women. Earlier age of menarche and longer reproductive years, higher BMI, previous usage of OCP and HRT are likely to increase BM. Being active at home and doing household chores can greatly influence the BMD of the femur. Poor dietary calcium intake may be the main reason for low BMD among the studied subjects.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {231-235}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-859-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-859-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {PARSANEZHAD, ME and ALBORZI, S}, title = {HYSTEROSCOPIC METROPLASTY: SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SEPTUM DOESN\'T IMPAIR REPRODUCTIVE OUTCOME}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to determine whether sectioning the cervical septum is associated with intraoperative bleeding, incompetent cervix, and secondary infertility. In this prospective observational study, fourteen women with complete septate uterus who had a history of repeated pregnancy loss and infertility were treated hysteroscopically. Preoperative history included 35 pregnancies of which abortion rate was 62.8% and premature delivery 37.2%. Three infants (8.5%) survived. The cerivcal portion of the septum was incised with Metzenbaum scissors and the corporeal portion with micro scissors under hysteroscopic guidance. Eleven patients achieved pregnancy (78.5%). There were ten term pregnancies (91 %). Mean±SD of operating time was 31.1±9.74 minutes with a mean±SD distending media deficit of 472±186 mL. No significant bleeding was encountered. At follow up hysterosalpingography, all cervices were competent. In conclusion, section of the cervical septum with scissors is simple, rapid and safe, facilitates corporeal hysteroscopic metroplasty, and may be considered a valid procedure to correct a complete septate uterus.}, Keywords = {Septate uterus, Cervical septum, Pregnancy loss, Hysteroscopy}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {227-229}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-858-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-858-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {GHADERI, A and SHOSHTARI, J and FARJADIAN, S and YOUSEFI-POUR, GH and AMIRZARGAR, A}, title = {HLA-DRBI ALLELE FREQUENCY IN MYAS THENIA GRAVIS PATIENTS FROM SOUTHERN IRAN}, abstract ={HLA-DRB1 allele frequencies of 28 myasthenia gravis (MG) patients, residents of southern Iranian provinces, were studied using PCR-SSP method. The control group consisted of 100 healthy individuals of the same ethnic group. The allele HLA-DRB1 * 16 (RR= 2.04, p= 0.028) was found to be significantly increased in MG patients compared to the control group, whereas HLADRB1 * 15(RR= 0.17 p= 0.043) and HLA-DRB1 *07 (p= 0.036) were found to be significantly increased in the control group compared to the patients, and seem to be negatively associated with the disease.}, Keywords = {Myasthenia gravis, HLA-DRBl, PCR-SSP}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {223-225}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-857-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-857-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {FIROOZIFARD, OMID REZA and RAFIEI, SEYYED MOHAMMAD}, title = {VALUE OF INT ER-ICTAL SURFACE EEG IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SEIZURE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN: A LOCAL ST UDY}, abstract ={We wished to assess the frequency of EEG positivity with our available EEG technology to compare with those elsewhere. Between April 1996 to February 1997, of patients referred to the Pediatric Neurology Out-patient Clinic for assessment of seizure disorders, 202 randomly selected patients aged 16 months to 17 years (mean 8.96 years) underwent a 10-minute inter-ictal EEG recording using a standard lO-channel paper EEG, with various activation techniques performed. Of these, 142 (70.3%) were clinically diagnosed as having some type of seizure disorder, while the rest (60, 29.7%) had EEG performed for other reasons. Of 142 cases with seizure disorder, 65 (45.8%) had definitely abnormal, 15 (10.5%) suspicious, and 62 (43.7%) had normal EEG's. In the 60 "other" patients, 22 (36.7%) had abnormal, 2 (3.3%) suspicious, and 36 (60%) normaI EEG's. In 202 patients as a whole, 87 EEG's (43.06%) were abnormal, 17 (8.41 %) suspicious, and 98 (48.51 %) normal. In conclusion, although of lower than standard technology compared to those taken in developed countries, EEG's taken in our laboratory could help us substantiate our clinical impression of seizure disorders in children. The result could be further improved by more appropriate selection of cases and further refining the procedure, using the same instrument.}, Keywords = {Seizure disorder (SD), EEG.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {217-221}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-856-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-856-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MODARRES, M and RAHIMI-KlAN, F}, title = {THE USE OF BREAST STIMULATION TO PREVENT POSTDATE PREGNANCY}, abstract ={Postdate pregnancy is estimated to occur in 3% to 12% of all gestations. Morbidity and mortality rates associated with this common obstetric problem are higher than those with term gestation. The incidence of fetal distress, birth injury, meconium aspiration, congenital malformations, macrosomia, and oligohydramnios is also greater in postdate pregnancies. We prospectively evaluated breast self-stimulation to determine its effect on the incidence of postdate pregnancy. One-hundred uncomplicated patients at 40 weeks gestation were randomly assigned to either a control group or a breast-stimulation group. Results showed that breast stimulation reduced the number of pregnancies managed as postdates from 22 per 100 (22%) to zero per 100 (p= 0.002). It is concluded that breast stimulation in postdate pregnancies can decrease significantly the number of patients that must be monitored by biochemical or biophysical means.}, Keywords = {Postdate, Breast stimulation, Pregnancy.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {211-215}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-855-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-855-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SARIASLANI, F and SALIMI, B}, title = {NUCL EAR DNA CONTENT AND DNA PLOIDY ANALYSIS IN BREAST CANCER}, abstract ={To investigate the patterns of DNA ploidy and proliferating activity in breast cancer and relate them to other prognostic factors, paraffin blocks of 53 cases of breast carcinoma were studied. Cancer cells obtained by mechanical tissue disaggregation were examined for DNA content, ploidy and S-phase fraction. DNA assay was done using a CAS interactive image analyzing system. All of the cases showed high degrees of proliferation. The rate of aneuploidy was 77% in invasive breast carcinomas. S-phase fractions were correlated with the grades of the tumors (p<O.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between S-phase fractions and other prognostic factors this was also true about the pattern of ploidy and other prognostic factors.}, Keywords = {Breast cancer, S-phase fraction, Image analysis.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {207-209}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-854-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-854-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MAKVANDI, M and SHAHBA, N and RADMANESH, N and ABBASI, EM}, title = {STUDIES ON CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION AND ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODY AMONG VITILIGO PATIENTS IN AHWAZ IRAN}, abstract ={Recently, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, the DNA of cytomegalovirus was detected from depigmented white patches in patients with vitiligo. The reactivation of infection and occasional anti-CMV IgM circulating among patients infected by cytomegalovirus has been reported for years. We have studied 26 patients with clinical signs and symptoms of vitiligo, some of whom had a history of disease for years. Of these patients, 7 cases (26.92%) showed positive for anti-CMV IgM, indicating the presence of cytomegalovirus infection among vitiligo patients which differed significantly from control subjects (p<O.OOOI). Of these 7 patients positive for anti-CMV IgM, 6 cases (85.71 %) were also positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA). On the other hand, from among the 19 cases negative for anti-CMV IgM, 7 cases (36.84%) were positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA), so the difference was statistically significant (p<O.05). The prevalence of anti-CMV IgM was higher among the active vitiligo patients than those with stable vitiligo (p<0.02).}, Keywords = {Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Vitiligo, Antinuclear antibody (ANA).}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {203-205}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-853-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-853-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {POURSADEGH, M and HASHEMI, G and JALALI, MM}, title = {EVALUATION OF ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF VESTIBULAR AQUEDUCT DIMENSIONS IN TEMPOR AL BONE CT SCAN}, abstract ={Various dimensions of the human vestibular aqueduct were evaluated in two groups, patient and control, and these measurements were compared. Both groups were examined clinically, followed by audiometric evaluation and temporal bone high resolution CT scan. It was found that in approximately one third of the patient group (with idiopathic SNHL), the vestibular aqueduct was 1.5 mm or larger. Also, the midpoint diameter of the distal limb was larger than in the control group (p<0.01). But there was no relation between the various dimensions of the vestibular aqueduct and mastoid pneumatization.}, Keywords = {Large vestibular aqueduct, Congenital SNHL, Temporal bone CT scan.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {199-202}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-852-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-852-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {ALBORZI, SAEED and PARSANEZHAD, MOHAMMAD E}, title = {CLINICAL EFFICACY OF HYSTEROSCOPIC ENDOMETRI AL ABLATION AND FACTORS AFFECTING ITS SUCCESS}, abstract ={In order to assess the efficacy of hysteroscopic endometrial ablation and factors which are important in it's success, a prospective, randomized study was performed in Shiraz university hospitals between Sep. 1995 to Feb. 1998. 50 patients with chief complaints of menorrhagia that were in reproductive age (25- 50 years) and had shown no response to medication and D;C underwent endometrial ablation. Thirty-seven patients received pre-op medication and thirteen patients did not. All patients had undergone pre-operative endometrial sampling that had demonstrated benign histology. Eleven patients had submucosal myomas or pedunculated polyps that were resected at the time of hysteroscopic ablation. The minimum follow-up period was 1 year. Amenorrhea developed in 14% of patients, 50% of patients became hypomenorrheic and 30% eumenorrheic. Menorrhagia did not respond in 3 patients (6%). Hypermenorrhea was detected more commonly in younger patients. Type of endometrium, depth of the uterine cavity, presence of polyp or myoma and receiving pre-op medication were not important and did not affect patient response. Overall, the results of this study clearly indicate that endometrial ablation is a simple, effective and acceptable procedure for the management of intractable menorrhagia. The only factor which was important concerning the efficacy of endometrial ablation was patient age.}, Keywords = {Abnormal uterine bleeding, Endometrial ablation, Hysteroscopy.}, volume = {14}, Number = {3}, pages = {195-198}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-851-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-851-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {lRAVANLOU, GUITI and MAHJOUB, FATEMEH}, title = {AN UNUSUAL ADNEXAL TUMOR WITH DIFFERENTIATION TOWARDS HAIR FOLLICLE, WITH CONCOMITANT PRESENCE OF TRICHOFOLLICULOMA, TRICHOEPITHELIOMA AND PILOMATRICOMA IN ONE LESION: A CASE REPORT}, abstract ={A case of an interesting previously unreported mixed adnexal tumor of the scalp of a 38 year old man is presented, which was composed of randomly dispersed areas of trichofolliculoma, trichoepithelioma, and pilomatricoma concomitantly. While these lesions are classified under adnexal tumors with differentiation towards hair follicle structures, controversy is present concerning the exact origin and the pathway of their differentiation. So the concomitant presence of them in one lesion may be strong evidence for a common origin or a common direction of differentiation.}, Keywords = {Trichofolliculoma, Trichoepithelioma, Pilomatricoma, Adnexal tumor, Hair follicle structures.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {191-194}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-889-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-889-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {FARROKH, D}, title = {GIANT HAMARTOMA OF THE BREAST: REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE}, abstract ={Hamartoma of the breast is a rare benign breast lesion which is unfamiliar to most clinicians, although the mammographic features are usually characteristic. Hamartomas are composed of ducts, lobules, fat and fibrous tissue. These benign lesions are likely to be increasingly diagnosed because of routine screening and hence clinical awareness is paramount to prevent these lesions from being overtreated. A patient who presented with a soft mobile breast lump which was later diagnosed to be a giant breast hamartoma is presented along with a brief review of the current literature.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {187-189}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-888-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-888-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {A. EBRAHIMINEJAD, A and ZAREE, A}, title = {ISOLATED CEREBRAL METASTASIS OF HEPATOBLASTOMA IN A 3-YEAR OLD CHILD}, abstract ={Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare tumor of infancy and childhood manifesting with hepatomegaly and abdominal distention. It is seen with increased frequency in association with congenital hemihypertrophy and renal anomalies. Metastases to other organs, including the lungs, lymph nodes and even ovaries is well known. But cerebral metastasis of this tumor, especially in the absence of metastasis to other organs, has not yet been reported. In this paper a 3-year old male child with congenital hemihypertrophy and isolated metastasis of HB to the brain is presented.}, Keywords = {Cerebral metastasis, Hepatoblastoma (HB).}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {185-186}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-887-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-887-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {GHOFRANI, M and ZAMANI, GR}, title = {MELAS SYNDROME IN TWO IRANIAN CHILDREN}, abstract ={MELAS syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder with progressive nature, because adequate treatment is not available. Diagnosis of this mitochondrial disorder depends initially on clinical suspicion, which is strengthened by additional metabolic evidence of impaired oxidative metabolism such as high serum or C.S.F. lactate levels and confirmed by demonstration of mitochondrial abnormalities-in muscle biopsy. Here we present the clinical course and management of two children with MELAS syndrome who exhibited progressive neurologic deterioration.}, Keywords = {MELAS syndrome, mitochondrial disorders.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {181-184}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-886-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-886-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {RASOULI, M and SHARIF, M and ZAHRAIE, M}, title = {SUPPRESSION OF VLDL-TRIACYLGLYCEROL SECRETION B Y BOTH α AND β-ADRENOCEPTOR AGONISTS IN ISOLATED RAT HEPATOCYTES}, abstract ={The effects of alpha and beta-adrenergic stimulation on triacylglycerol secretion were investigated in isolated rat hepatocytes. Epinephrine within 3h of incubation suppressed triacylglycerol secretion by 35% and increased its cellular content by 18%. The inhibitory effect of epinephrine was abolished by inclusion of phentolamine and also prazosin but not with propranolol. Trifluoperazine concealed the inhibitory effect of epinephrine in a dose-dependent manner, whereas theobromine did not have any significant effect. The secretion of triacylglycerol was suppressed not only by the a-agonist phenylephrine but also by the β-agonist isoproterenol. Dibutyryl-cyclic AMP also inhibited secretion of triacylglycerol by approximately 30%. The results indicate that epinephrine suppressed triacylglycerol secretion via the α1-adrenoceptor whereas stimulation of beta-as well as alpha-adrenoceptors can exert a similar effect. Calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase may be involved in the down-regulation of VLDL secretion. The unexpected effect of isoproterenol has been discussed in relation to "dual signaling" and also the "store-dependent calcium entry" hypotheses.}, Keywords = {Adrenoceptor, Epinephrine, Isoproterenol, Triacylglycerol, VLDL.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {175-180}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-885-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-885-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MOZDARANI, H and TOHIDNIA, MR}, title = {CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC AND RADIOFREQUENCY FIEL DS OF NMRI SYSTEMS ON THE FREQUENCY OF CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS INHUMAN LYMPHOCYTES IN THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF CYTOSINE ARABINOSIDE}, abstract ={Application of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) as a non-invasive and accurate imaging procedure has been widely used in recent years. Meanwhile, the biological effects of magnetic fields of several tesla (T) and high energy radiofrequency (RF) is not fully known yet. Because of controversy over this issue, the present research has been carried out in order to verify the effects of magnetic fields of 1.5 T and RF of 63.86 MHz on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral lymphocytes. Using metaphase analysis technique, the cytogenetic effects of NMRI was studied in GO and G2lymphocytes in the presence or absence of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) as a DNA repair inhibitor. Cells were cultured using conventional methods. Results obtained indicate that exposure of lymphocytes to NMRI field at 30 and 60 minutes has no potential effects on chromosomal aberration induction. When using ara-C, although ara-C alone caused a rather high frequency of chromosomal aberrations, especially in G2 phase of the cell cycle, exposure of cells to NMRI in the presence of ara-C did not change the frequency of ara-C-induced damage significantly. Our results indicate that NMRI may not be able to produce DNA damage that could be potentiated by ara-C. Similar responses were also observed for cells exposed to NMRI either in vivo or in vitro. Nevertheless much remains unknown about the certain effects of MRI and RF.}, Keywords = {NMRI system, Chromosomal aberrations, Human lymphocytes, Cytosine arabinoside}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {169-173}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-884-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-884-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {TABARAIE, BAHMAN and SHARMA, BALK and NEJATI, MEHDI and AHMADI, HOJAT and SHARMA, PARVEEN and GANGULY, NIRMAL K.}, title = {COMPARATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF PORINS FROM SALMONELLA TYPHIO-901 AND SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM RA-30}, abstract ={Porins from Salmonella typhi 0-901 and Salmonella typhimurium Ra-30 were characterized and compared. The elution profile of porins from these salmonella species on Sepharose-48 and HPLC appear to be very similar. The findings were confirmed by the electrophoretic pattern which showed three types of porins, i.e. OmpC, OmpD and OmpF in both species. These porins appear to be similar, if not identical, as the LPS-absorbed antiporin antibodies reacted with homologous as well as heterologous antigens. The results of this study favour the use of porins as a common immunogen to control salmonellosis since porin patterns were found to be quite similar among the serotypes of salmonellae, unlike other enterobacterial species.}, Keywords = {Porins, S. typhi, S. typhimurium.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {161-168}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-883-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-883-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {ANDALIB, AR and LAWRY, J and REES, R.c}, title = {SUSCEPTIBILITY OF HUMAN WM MELANOMA CELL LINES TO NK AND LAK CYTOTOXICITY AND THEIR RELEVANCE TO THE LEVEL OF MHC CLASS I AND ICAM-l ANTIGEN EXPRESSION}, abstract ={The effect of natural killer (NK) cells and lymphokine activated killer ( LAK) cells was studied on a group of human melanoma cell lines. Peripheral blood from healthy volunteers was utilized as a fresh source of natural killer cells and rhI L-2 for producing LAK cells. The cytotoxicity of effector cells was quantified using a 4 hour SI determining the density of antigen expression on tumor cell surface. The majority of WM melanoma cell lines were relatively resistant to lysis by NK cells, but all showed high sensitivity to LAK cytotoxicity. The expression of MH C class I and I CAM-l on tumor cell lines varied, however using linear regression analysis between MH C class I and I CAM-l antigen expression, and UK/ pression of these antigens on the WM melanoma cell lines tested are independent of NK/}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {155-160}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-882-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-882-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {REZAYAT, M and GHAZI-KHANSARI, M and MOUSTAFAVI-MEHR, B and ZARRINDAST, MR}, title = {EFFECTS OF CHOLECYSTOKININ RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS ON MORPHINE- AND COCAINEINDUCED HYPOTHERMIA}, abstract ={The effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor antagonists on hypothermia induced by cocaine or morphine have been studied in mice. In the present work, subcutaneous (SC) injection of cocaine (50-150 mg/kg) or morphine (125-500 mg/kg) induced hypothermia in mice. Administration of CCKA receptor antagonist MK-329 (0.5-1.5 mg/kg), CCKB receptor antagonist L-365, 260 (0.5-1.5 mgl kg) and CCK receptor antagonist proglumide (15-45 mg/kg) 60 min. prior to cocaine injection reduced hypothermia induced by cocaine. MK-329 or proglumide also reduced the morphine response. Single administration of MK-329 and L- 365,260 to mice decreased mice core body temperature. It is concluded that the hypothermic effect of cocaine and morphine may be mediated through CCKA and CCKB receptor mechanism(s).}, Keywords = {CCK antagonists, cocaine, morphine, hypothermia, mice.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {151-154}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-881-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-881-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MOHAMMADINAGHADEH, M and McGRATH, J.e}, title = {CONTRACTIONS DUE TO α-ADRENOCEPTOR AGONISTS ARE MEDIATED BY α1-ADRENOCEPTORS IN RAT CAROTID ARTERY}, abstract ={Some large vessels have a mixed functional population of postjunctional α1- and α 2-adrenoceptors. The purpose of the work presented here was to investigate the population of postjunctional α -adrenoceptors in the rat isolated common carotid artelY Male Wi star rats were killed by overdose with pentobarbitone sodium, after which the left and right common carotid arteries were removed. Rings of arteries 3-4 mm in length were cut from each vessel and then mounted in 10 mL isolated organ bath, bathed in Krebs maintained at 37°C and gassed with 95% O2 plus 5% CO2, The preparations were allowed to equilibrate for an hour. When antagonists were used, the preparations were incubated for at least 45 minutes with the drugs prior to the onset of a second CCRC. The cunent study focused on the possibility of post junctional α 2-adrenoceptors that could influence adrenergic system-mediated vascular α -adrenoceptor responsiveness in this cephalic artery. The dominance of α 1-adrenoceptors is shown by the high sensitivity of noradrenaline or phenylephrine to prazosin and the ineffectiveness of rauwolscine, except in non-selective concentrations. UK-14304 produced contractions and it is theoretically possible that UK-14304 exerts its actions through combined al and α 2 activation, but the effectiveness of prazosin and the ineffectiveness of rauwolscine, except in non-selective concentrations, shows that even this effect is mediated through α1-adrenoceptors. Thus we suggest that the population of postjunctional α -adrenoceptors mediating contraction of smooth muscle in the rat carotid artery is predominantly of the α1type.}, Keywords = {α -adrenoceptors, prazosin, UK-14304,}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {145-149}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-880-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-880-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {FALLAHIAN, FARAHNAZ and KHATAMI, MOHAMMAD REZA and JABALAMELI, PARVIZ}, title = {NEUROLOGIC AND PSYCHOLOGIC COMPLICATIONS AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION}, abstract ={Neurologic and psychologic complications are usually related to drug toxicity, infections or symptoms induced by deterioration of renal allograft function. Metabolic encephalopathy, hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebrovascular events, and new-onset seizures have all been reported in organ-transplant recipients. Infections can be caused by listeria, cryptococcus, nocardia, aspergillus and mucor. Toxoplasma, coccidia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes infections are also reported. Cerebral hemorrhage can occur secondary to septic emboli or intracerebral aneurysms. The aim of this study is to present the results of a review on 200 renal transplant recipients concerning neuropsychologic complications during a 12-year period in the Imam Khomeini Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. According to this study, neuropsychologic disorders occurred in 3 a (15%) of the recipients and of these, peripheral neuropathy, depression and tremor were the most common and were detected in 8 (4%), 5 (2.5%), and 4 (2%) of the recipients, respectively.}, Keywords = {Kidney transplantation, Neurologic complications; Psychologic complications; Immunosuppression.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {141-143}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-879-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-879-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SHAMSI, S and GOODARZI, AM}, title = {ROLE OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDBEARING WOMEN ON NEONATAL WEIGHT}, abstract ={Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional problems in the world, It is frequently found in both developed and developing countries and mainly affects women of childbearing age. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women on neonatal weight. The study subjects were a group of 241 women aged between 20 and 34 years who were divided to anemic (118 subjects as case) and nonanemic (123 subjects as control) groups. Iron deficiency anemia was determined by measurements of plasma ferritin, T.I.B.C., total iron, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and subsequently the weight of the neonate was also determined. Results showed that depleted iron stores in the anemic group has no statistically significant effect on neonatal weight (t-test= 0.73, D,F.= 239,p>t= 0.4654). Lower, depleted iron stores were observed in the anemic group with high parity and decreased intervals of pregnancy. It is concluded that the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women during the third trimester has no relationship with neonatal weight, but according to some published results this relationship exists during the first trimester.}, Keywords = {Anemia, Iron deficiency, Pregnancy anemia.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {137-140}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-878-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-878-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {TIRGARI, F and ZAREMEHRJARDI, ALI and IRAVANLOO, GUITY}, title = {PREDICTION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR STATUS OF INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA OF BREAST BY HISTOLOGIC GRADE}, abstract ={In human breast cancer, estrogen receptor (ER) status of the tumor has prognostic and therapeutic significance. However, facilities to study ER are not widely available to us. We postulated that if there is a correlation between histologic grade and ER status of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), it may help predict the ER status of the tumor. Of 8 4 cases of breast carcinoma referred to the Cancer I:q.stitute of Tehran for immunohisto logic study of ER in 1995, 69 cases of IDC that had adequate H & E stained slides were chosen. Using the Nottingham modifi. cation of the Bloom-Richardson grading system of IDC, all cases were scored by each of us separately. Conflicting cases were jointly reassessed until a consensus was reached. Sections of paraffin blocks were stained for ER using the avidinbiotin complex method and then they were assessed by a digital image analyzer. There was an inverse relationship between ER positivity of tumors and each of the grading parameters and the•ultimate grade that were all statistically significant (p<0.0001). Moreover, further analysis revealed that low histologic grade (with scores of3 or 4) had a 92.3% positive predictive value (range 62.9%-98 .2%) for ER positivity. Similarly, histologic grade-=-in the presence of score 3 nuclei-had an 83.9% positive predictive value (range 71.2%-91.9%) of ER negativity in tumor cells. These findings suggest that in tumors with histologic grades at both ends of the spectrum, ER status may reliably be predicted in a significant number of cases.}, Keywords = {Breast carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, estrogen receptor, histologic grading.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {133-135}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-877-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-877-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {FATTAHI, MR and KHEZRI, AA}, title = {RUPTURE OF URINARY BLADDER: AN EXPERIENCE WITH 55 CASES IN SHIRAZ}, abstract ={We reviewed 55 cases with trauma to the urinary bladder. Blunt trauma was the cause of injury in 78 percent of cases and associated pelvic fracture was present in 75 percent. Eighty percent of extraperitoneal ruptures were associated with fracture of the pelvis. The most common cause of trauma was car accident (63%), followed by war injury (20%). Nearly two-thirds of patients (63 %) had extraperitoneal rupture. The most common presentation was gross hematuria (49%), followed by abdominal pain and tenderness (38%). In 24 patients, diagnosis was made by retrograde cystography, in 9 patients by intravenous pyelography and the remaining patients were diagnosed by physical examination and diagnostic laparotomy. All of the patients were treated by surgical repair. Mortality rate was two percent.}, Keywords = {Bladder, Rupture, Extraperitoneal, Intraperitoneal, Trauma, Pelvic fracture.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {127-131}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-876-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-876-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {NAJMABADI, H and DeKRETSER, DM and ARVER, S and TAYLOR, W and MALLIDIS, C and GORDENBAKER, HW and McLACHLAN, RI and LOVELAND, KA and RAMIREZ, L and NIEVA, A and GUTIERREZ, M and SUH, B and SAHEBJAM, S and SAHEBJAM, F and BHASIN, S}, title = {SUBMICROSCOPIC DELETIONS OF THE Y CHROMOSOME ARE NOT LIMITED TO AZOOSPERMIC MEN, BUT ARE ALSO DETECTED IN INFERTILE MEN WITH IDIOPATHIC OLIGOZOOSPERMIA}, abstract ={It is now agreed that 10-25% of infertile men with azoospermia have submicroscopic deletions of the Y chromosome long ann (yq), consistent with the proposed location of the azoospermia locus (AZF) in Yq 11.23. However, it is not known whether Yq microdeletions are unique to men with azoospermia or whether they are also observed in infertile men with less severe defects of spermatogenesis (oligozoospermia). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Yq deletions in infertile men with idiopathic oligozoospermia DN A was extracted from blood lymphocytes of 45 oligozoospermic men (sperm densities <20 million/mL) in whom known causes of infertility had been excluded. All subjects were typed for the 27 Y -specific STSs that have been mapped to deletion interval 6. An STS was considered negative if no PCR product was observed in 3 reactions, in which a fertile male gave a specific PCR product and anorma1 female DNA did not. Whenever sufficient DNA was available, deletions detected by PCR were verifed by Southern hybridization. Of the 45 oligozoospermic men, 4 (9010) had deletions of one or more STSs. These deletions were verified by Southern hybridization. All. 4 deletions were located in distal interval 6 (6C and 6D) and included the DAZ (Deleted in Azoospermia) gene, a Y-specific gene that has been proposed as a candidate for male infertility. All four patients had sperm densities of less than 1 million/mL and three out of these 4 patients had mean testis volume of less than 15 mL. Two of the infertile men with Y deletions had a testicular biopsy testicular histology in both of these patients was consistent with germ cell arrest, spermatocyte stage. Yq microdeletions are not unique to infertile men with azoospermia but are abserved also in infertile men with oligozoospermia Taken together with previously reported studies on azoospermic men, these results indicate that Yq deletions are predominantly obselVed in, but are not limited to, infertile men with relatively severe defects of spermatogenesis.}, Keywords = {Oligozoospermia, Idiopathic infertility, Yq deletions, DAZ gene, REM gene, Azoospermia,}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {119-125}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-875-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-875-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MOMTAZ, M and MUGHAL, N and SIDDIQUE, AZHAR and MAHBOOB, TABASSUM}, title = {CHANGES IN BLOOD LEVELS OF TRACE ELEMENTS AND ELECTROLYTES IN HYP ERTENSIVE PATIENTS}, abstract ={The involvement of elements in the pathological process of primary hypertension has been established. The serum levels of copper, iron, zinc, sodium, potassium and calcium were studied by atomic absorption spectrophotometery and flame photometry in hypertensive and normal subjects. Serum copper and zinc levels were increased in hypertensive patients (25.5% and 14.7% respectively) as compared to normal subjects. A decrease in serum sodium (21".9%), potassium (31.02%), iron (44.7%) and calcium (34.23%) was observed in hypertensive as compared to control subjects. The role of these serum element variations and their possible involvement in hypertension is discussed.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {115-118}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-874-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-874-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {AMIRGHOFRAN, Z and SHAMSEDDIN, A and SHAHRIARI, M}, title = {PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF MYELOID ANTIGEN EXPRESSION IN ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA}, abstract ={Expression of cell surface molecules associated with lymphoid and myeloid lineage differentiation on the blasts of 53 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was investigated. 1.9% of cases were only HLA"7DR+ 7.6% were HLA-DR+, CDI9+ 22.6% were HLA-DR+, CDI9+, CDI0+ 30.2% were HLADR+, CDI9+, CDlO±, CD20+ and 37.7% were HLA-DR±, CD7+, CD5±. Aberrant expression of one or more myeloid antigens including CDI3, CDI5, CD33 and CD34 was found in 30.2% of cases. The relationship of myeloid positive (MY+ ALL) and negative cases (MY- ALL) with patient characteristics were studied. No significant differences in clinical features, response to therapy or survival was found between the two groups. Study of each marker separately indicated an association between expression of CD5 and CD 1 0 with age and expression of CD20 and CD33 with decrease in hemoglobin (p<0.03). No correlation between expression of markers and survival was found except for CD 13 and CD 15 antigens (p<0.03). CDI5+ cases showed longer survival than negative cases (541±72 vs. 364±34 days) whereas CDI3+ cases showed shorter survival than negative ones (378±32 vs. 616±,106). showed a trend towards a longer or shorter survival.}, Keywords = {Myeloid antigens, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Myeloid positive ALL.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {111-114}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-873-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-873-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {NAKHAEE, N and SADEGHI-HASSANABADI, A and TABATABAEE, HR}, title = {DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF MEAN PEROXIDASE INDEX IN EARLY KAWASAKI DISEASE}, abstract ={The charts of 27 patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) admitted to Nemazee Hospital in Shiraz from January 1991 to October 1998 were reviewed to identify the results of mean peroxidase index (MPXI) values, a measure of neutrophil staining intensity, obtained by the Technicon HI analyzer (Technicon Instruments Corp., Tarrytown, NY) within the first 10 days of the illness 2 separate groups of patients were assessed as control subjects: 27 disease control (DC) children with fever plus one other KD criterion and 27 laboratory control (LC) subjects with nonfebrile disorders interpreting also as a normal reference population. Compared with control groups, patients with KD had lower quantities of MPXI [(Mean±SD, -11.71±5.87 in KD group) vs. (1.53±4.30 p<0.001 in DC group, and 1.74±6.52,p<0.001 in LC group)]. Depending on the location of the cut-off point expressed on an interval scale, this test had the ability to be 100% specific ( if MPXI0). Considering the low prevalence of hereditary myeloperoxidase (MPO) deficiency ( 1 in 2000), measurement of MPXI, when performed as part of a complete count on an automated hematology instrument, could be counted as an important adjunct to clinical evaluation and also according to the low values of MPXI in patients with KD, it can be included among the acquired causes of MPO deficiency.}, Keywords = {Acute phase, Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, Myeloperoxidase deficiency.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {107-110}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-872-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-872-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {A. MERAT, A and HAGHSHENAS, M}, title = {THE SPECTRUM OF BETA – THALASSEMIA MUTATIONS IN IRAN}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {103-106}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-911-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-911-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SHAMSA, ALI}, title = {SPERMATIC CORD HEMATOMA MIMICKING SPERMATIC CORD TORSION IN A NEONATE}, abstract ={Acute scrotal swelling is an urgent urologic condition, and its failure in diagnosis is "one of the litigious issues in urologic practice. "1-2 Although acute scrotal pain is due to spermatic cord torsion in 25-35% of cases, the urologist should either rule it out or treat it immediately. 2 We operated a case of acute scrotal edema in a two-day-old boy who had, according to clinical results and color Doppler imaging, been diagnosed as having spermatic cord torsion. Operation, however, confirmed that the cause was spermatic cord hematoma, not torsion.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {101-102}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-910-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-910-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {F.TABATABAI, SEYED ALI and SABERI, HOOSHANG and MEHRAZIN, MASOUD}, title = {IN TRACRANIAL SUPPURATION FOLLOWING NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES DUE TO BRUCELLA SPECIES}, abstract ={Reported here are two cases of delayed postsurgical brucella abscess within the cranium, treated successfully by reoperation and appropriate medical therapy. Both patients had an occupational exposure to the pathogenic organism. Systemic symptoms of brucellosis became manifest postoperatively in case I and were present in case II long before operation. The diagnosis was confirmed by serology and positive culture. Later an intracranial abscess developed in both cases at the previous operative sites. Hematogenous spread of bacteria to the locally low resistance host tissue was speculated as the possible mechanism. Successful management was accomplished by reoperation, comprised of local drainage and debridement followed by a combined anti brucella drug regimen for a period of 6 months.}, Keywords = {Brucellosis. Brain abscess, Local host resistance, Postoperative infection.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {97-100}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-909-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-909-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {AMINMANSOUR, B and TABATABAI, A}, title = {BULL ET-INDUCED FALSE ANEURYSM OF THORACIC AORTA WITH A TEN YEAR LATENCY PERIOD IN A VICTIM OF THE IRAN-IRAQ WAR: REPORT OF A CASE}, abstract ={Traumatic false aneurysm of the thoracic aorta is not uncommon. But accordingly this case is unusual in its ten year delay between injury and presentation and treatment. A victim of the Iran-Iraq war is presented with a false aneurysm of the thoracic aorta ten years after a bullet injury to the chest and thoracic spine. Penetrating chest wounds, mechanisms of injury and diagnosis are also discussed in detail.}, Keywords = {False aneurysm of aorta, penetrating chest trauma, bullet injury}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {93-95}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-908-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-908-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MOHAMMADINAGHADEH, M and McGRATH, J.e.}, title = {INFLUENCE OF ENDO THELIUM REMOVAL AND LNAME ON RESPONSES OF RAT COMMON CAROTID ARTERY TO α-ADRENOCEPTOR AGONISTS}, abstract ={In this study we investigated the effects of endothelium removal and L-NAME on responses to α-adrenoceptor agonists. Male Wistar rats were killed by overdose with pentobarbitone sodium, after which the left and right common carotid arteries were removed. Rings of arteries 3-4 mm in length were cut from each vessel and then mounted in 10 mL isolated organ bath, bathed in Krebs maintained at 37°C and gassed with 95% 02 plus 5% CO2, The preparations were allowed to equilibrate for an hour. L-NAME was added approximately 10-15 min prior to the onset of cumulative concentration-response curves (CCRC) to an agonist. In some preparations the endothelial layer was removed mechanically by gently rolling the tissue around a thin wire. Removal of the endothelium was confirmed pharmacologically by a lack of relaxant response to the potent endotheliumdependent vasodilator acetylcholine. Inhibition of NO synthesis by L-NAME results in significant vasoconstriction. L-NAME prevented the relaxation of rat carotid artery by acetylcholine, suggesting that both basal and stimulated release of nitric oxide can regulate vascular tone in this artery. Mechanical disruption of the vascular endothelium reduced, but did not abolish, the ability of L-NAME to produce contraction. This suggests an extra-endothelial site for nitric oxide synthesis in rat common carotid artery. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with LNAME potentiated responses to phenylephrine and UK-14304 but not to noradrenaline. Mechanical disruption of the vascular endothelium potentiated responses to UK-14304, phenylephrine and noradrenaline. We suggest that constitutive NO activity has substantial inhibitory influence on vasoconstrictor responses to phenylephrine and UK-14304 but not to noradrenaline.}, Keywords = {Endothelium, L-NAME, α-adrenoceptor agonists, NO.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {87-91}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-906-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-906-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SHAHRIARI, HA and HOSSEINIRAD, A}, title = {PREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B12 AND FOLIC ACID IN METHANOL-INDUCED RETINOPATHY IN AN ANIM AL MODEL}, abstract ={In order to identify the effects of vitamin B 12 and folic acid in reducing methanolinduced retinopathy, ERG waves were compared before and after methanol intoxication in rabbits. In this study 34 rabbits were divided into 4 groups. All groups received 4 g/kg of methanol intraperitoneally. In addition, the second, third and fourth groups received vitamin B 12 injection, oral folic acid and a mixture of vitamin B12 and folic acid, respectively. Baseline ERGs were recorded for all rabbits prior to intoxication and then second ERGs were taken 48-72 hours following methanol toxicity. Compared to baseline ERGs a severe reduction in the b-wave amplitude as well as reduction in the oscillatory potential were noticed. Among all groups, the first group had the most and the fourth group had the least decrease in b-wave amplitude as well as oscillatory potential. It is therefore believed that vitamin B12 has a synergistic effect with folic acid in attenuating ophthalmic toxicity of methanol in rabbits. Further studies are needed to evaluate these effects in humans.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {83-86}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-907-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-907-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SHAHRIARI, HA and HOSSEINIRAD, A}, title = {PREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B12 AND FOLIC ACID IN METHANOL-INDUCED RETINOPATHY IN AN ANIMAL MODEL}, abstract ={In order to identify the effects of vitamin B 12 and folic acid in reducing methanolinduced retinopathy, ERG waves were compared before and after methanol intoxication in rabbits. In this study 34 rabbits were divided into 4 groups. All groups received 4 g/kg of methanol intraperitoneally. In addition, the second, third and fourth groups received vitamin B 12 injection, oral folic acid and a mixture of vitamin B12 and folic acid, respectively. Baseline ERGs were recorded for all rabbits prior to intoxication and then second ERGs were taken 48-72 hours following methanol toxicity. Compared to baseline ERGs a severe reduction in the b-wave amplitude as well as reduction in the oscillatory potential were noticed. Among all groups, the first group had the most and the fourth group had the least decrease in b-wave amplitude as well as oscillatory potential. It is therefore believed that vitamin B12 has a synergistic effect with folic acid in attenuating ophthalmic toxicity of methanol in rabbits. Further studies are needed to evaluate these effects in humans.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {83-86}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-905-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-905-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {HOSSEINZADEH, HOSSEIN and TAHERI, MOHAMMAD REZA}, title = {ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF ELAEAGNUS ANGUSTIFOLIA FRUIT IN MICE}, abstract ={The antinociceptive effect of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruits was studied in mice. The antinociceptive effect of ethanolic and boiling water extracts was studied using two thermal stimuli, the hot-plate and tail-flick tests. The intraperitoneal and oral administration of the ethanolic extract of seed 0.75-7.00 g/kg), but not pericarp and medulla had significant antinociceptive activity in the hot-plate test. Naloxone pretreatment did not inhibit the antinociceptive activity of the extract. The aqueous extract of different parts of the fruit (seed, medulla and pericarp) had antinociceptive activity in this test. The ethanolic extract of the seed had no antinociceptive effect in the tail-flick test and its effect was not abolished by naloxone. A 70% failure rate in the traction test (a muscle relaxation test) was induced by ethanolic extract of the seed (3.5 g/kg), compared with the 75% induced by the reference drug diazepam (2.5 mg/kg). It is concluded that the antinociceptive effect of E. angustifolia may be mediated by a supraspinal effect and muscle relaxation activity.}, Keywords = {Elaeagnus angustifolia; Antinociceptive activity; Muscle relaxation, Hot-plate, Tail-flick, Traction test, Medicinal plants.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {77-81}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-904-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-904-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {ZARRINDAST, MR and HASHEMI, B and TOLUI, V}, title = {EFFECTS OF DOPAMINE RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS ON BACLOFEN-INDUCED ANTINOCICEPTION IN FORM ALIN TEST}, abstract ={In this study, the influence of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists on antinociception induced by bac10fen has been examined in the formalin test. The GABA-B agonist bac10fen induced antinociception in both phases of the formalin test in mice. The dopamine receptor agonists SKF 38393 and quinpirole also induced antinociception in both phases of the test. SKF 38393 but not quinpirole potentiated the response to bac10fen in the first phase of the test. The dopamine receptor antagonists SCH 23390 and sulpiride increased the response to baclofen in the first phase. Both drugs induced antinociception in the first phase of the fonnalin test. However, low doses of sulpiride increased the pain response in the second phase. The peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone did not alter the effect of the test by itself. Dopamine receptor mechanisms appear to interact with baclofen-induced antinociception.}, Keywords = {Baclofen, dopamine agonists, dopamine antagonists, formalin test, mice.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {69-75}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-903-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-903-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {RASOULI, M and SHARIF, M and ZAHRAIE, M}, title = {EPINEPHRINE SUPPRESSES SECRE TION ORVLDLASSOCIATED TRIACYLGLYCEROLAND INCREASES TRIACYLGLYCEROL AND PHOSPHOL IPID CON TEN TS IN ISOL ATED RAT HEPATOCY TES}, abstract ={The effect of epinephrine on triacylglycerol secretion was investigated in isolated rat hepatocytes. The effect appeared at concentrations of more than 1 µM and reached a plateau at 10 µM. Epinephrine concentration for half of the maximal bioeffect (EC50) was about 1 µM. Epineplrrine at a concentration of 10 µM suppressed triacylglycerol secretion by 33% and increased its cellular content by approximately 18%. The total triacylglycerol content of the system (sum of the cell and the incubation medium) was constant at all concentrations of epinephrine. Time course experiments for triacylglycerol secretion exhibited relatively similar results on the basis of lipid analysis with or without lipid extractions. On the former basis triacylglycerol secretion versus time followed a linear relationship with a slope of 1.47 ± 0.11 µmole TG/3h/ g wet liver. Time course curves of cellular lipids revealed that cellular triacylglycerol and phospholipid contents in the presence of epinephrine were higher than the control at all time points, and the difference was constant during time. Furthermore, in the presence of glucose (20 mM) and oleate (0.25 mM), intracellular triacylglycerol content increased markedly (≥45%) whereas cellular phospholipid content remained constant. It is proposed that epinephrine exerts an inhibitory effect on VLDL secretion probably through blocking in the secretory pathway.}, Keywords = {Epinephrine, Phospholipid, Hepatocytes, Triacylglycerol, VLDL.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {61-68}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-902-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-902-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {DABARE, A.A.N.P.M and NOURI, A.M.E. and Path, MRC and OLIVER, R.T.D.}, title = {A NEW CYTOCOLORIMETRIC ASSAY USING PHOSPHATAS E ACTIVI T Y FOR MEASURING CELLULAR FUNCTIONS}, abstract ={In this study cellular phosphatase activity, referred to as enzyme developed color (EDC) assay, was used for an in vitro assessment of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. Optimum conditions were established and found to be 10 x103 cells / well at 37°C and 60 min incubation (for developing color). Under the same conditions a direct correlation between optical density (00) and cell number was observed. Thus, the ODs for a cell line, Ish at 100, 50, 25 and 10 X 103 cells/well were 1.0S ±0.05, 0.59 ±0.02, 0.33 ±0.02, and 0.17 ±0.01 respectively (r=0.995,p<0.001). When EDC was compared with another colorimetric assay, i.e. MTT, the results showed a direct correlation with r=0.995, p0.05), 0.19±0.01 (p>0.05), respectively. The assay was also shown to be suitable for the measurement of cell cytotoxicity and compared well with the MTT assay. These findings indicated that a simple, rapid and economical EDC assay could be used to investigate various cellular functions. The main advantage of EDC is it's suitability to use stored cells. This provides flexibility for testing samples stored over a long period in order to limit inter-experimental variations}, Keywords = {Alkaline phosphatases; testis tumor; cell proliferation}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {53-59}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-901-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-901-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {NOYANASHRAF, MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN and BEHZADI, GILA and JAMEIE, BEHNAM}, title = {RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP DEPRIVATION INDUCES ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE A CTIVITY IN THE PREOPTIC AREA OF THE RAT BRAIN}, abstract ={Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) is a large glycoprotein that, aside from its known cholinolytic activity, co-exists with other transmitter systems and possesses other functions. In the present study, the effects of short-term rapid-eye-movement sleep deprivation (REM-SD) on AchE activity in the anterior hypothalamic area have been investigated. Using the flower-pot method, adult male albino rats were deprived of REM sleep for a period of72, 96, and 120 h and perfused brains were then sectioned with a vibratome and stained histochemically for AchE. In comparison to control animals, marked positive AchE activity was observed in neurons located in the preoptic area in the 120SD group only. Results of this study have shown that AchE could be involved in some unknown functions related to REM sleep physiology}, Keywords = {Sleep deprivation, Acetylcholinesterase, Preoptic area, Rat brain.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-51}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-900-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-900-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {EBRAHIM-POOR, S and SAMADIKHAH, S and JAVANMARDY, J and MOZAFFARY, S and KOOSHAVAR, H and RASSY, S}, title = {S TUDY OF CYTOMEGAL OVIRUS ANTIB ODY IN ATHEROSCLEROTIC PATIENTS IN TABRIZ}, abstract ={To evaluate the correlation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and coronary artery disease (CAD), one-hundred patients with CAD and the same number of healthy individuals as a control group were randomly selected and studied for anti-CMV using ELISA method. Ninety percent of patients and 77 percent of the control group were anti-CMV positive and statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between these groups (p<0.05). Certain risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, type A personality and familial history were also studied. The distribution of these factors in the patient group were higher than those of the control group and a significant correlation was observed between these groups, but no dependency was observed between anti CMV and the above parameters in the patient group. Results of this study showed a meaningful correlation between the anti-CMV level and coronary artery disease.}, Keywords = {Atherosclerosis, Anti-cytomegalovirus antibody.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {43-45}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-899-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-899-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {BOSKABADY, MH and KARBANDI, S and ABEDINZADEH, A}, title = {THE EFFECT OF ARTERIAL O2 SATURATION AND HE ART RATE ON BLOOD PRESSURE DURING HYPOXIA}, abstract ={A periodic increase in blood pressure (BP) occurs during apneic episodes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Several factors including hypoxemia and an increase in heart rate (HR) were reported to be responsible for this increased BP. To examine the contribution of these two factors in increasing BP, 35 healthy male subjects (mean age±SD= 23.64±3.80) were studied in three experimental conditions, each condition for two minutes, including breathing room air at rest (normoxic), breathing low 02 (10%) air (hypoxic), and exercising on an ergometer while breathing room air (exercise). During the last minutes of each condition, changes in mean BP (ΔmBP), HR (ΔHR), and arterial O2 saturation (,ΔSaO2) were measured. The results showed that ΔmBP and ΔHR were significantly higher in both hypoxic and exercise conditions than normoxic condition (p<0 .00 1 for both cases). However, , ΔSaO2 was significantly lower in the hypoxic state compared to normoxic conditions. There was no significant difference in ΔHR between hypoxic and exercise groups, but both ΔmBP and , ΔSaO2 were significantly lower in hypoxic than exercise conditions (p<0.005 and p< O. OOl for ΔmBP and , ΔSaO2, respectively). There was a weak correlation between ΔmBP and ΔHR in the hypoxic condition (r=0.3, p<0.05), but the correlation between ΔmBP and ΔHR in the exercise condition was stronger (r=0.57, p< 0.001). These results indicated that although hypoxemia contributes to increased BP during hypoxia, an increase in HR is a stronger mechanism for this phenomenon.}, Keywords = {Blood pressure, Heart rate, O2 Saturation, Hypoxia.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {37-41}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-898-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-898-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {FALLAHIAN, FARAHNAZ and KHATAMI, MOHAMMAD REZA and JABALAMELI, PARVIZ and RAHIMI, ABAS}, title = {NINE CASES OF MALIGNANCY AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION}, abstract ={Renal transplantation is considered one of the best long-term therapies for chronic renal failure, but unfortunately the incidence of malignancy significantly increases in renal transplant recipients. We analyzed nine cases of malignancy in 200 renal transplant recipients occurring in a 12-year follow-up in Imam hospital of Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. According to this study, the organ most commonly affected with malignancy in our series was the skin and the mean time of neoplasm occurrence after kidney transplantation was 2.9 years.}, Keywords = {Kidney transplantation; malignancy; immunosuppression.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {33-36}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-897-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-897-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {D.FROOZANI, MINO and PERMEHZADEH, KOBRA and GOLESTAN, BANAFSHEH and DOROSTYM0TLAGH, AHMAD REZA}, title = {GROWTH PATTERN OF EXCLUSIVELY AN D NONEXCLUSIVELY BR EA ST-FED INFANTS IN THE FIRST 4 MONTHS OF LIFE}, abstract ={Thirty-two exclusive and twenty-seven non-exclusively breast-fed infants were followed-up from birth to 4 months of age in a maternity hospital, with a rooming-in program. Face to face BF education was given to mothers in two groups after delivery and also during 4 months post-partum. Body weight (Wt ), length (L) and head circumference (HC) of the infants were measured at monthly intervals, and their feeding patterns were recorded. The Wt of exclusively breastfed infants was higher than non-exclusively breast-fed infants. The faltering of infant's growth from 3 months of age was seen in both groups. From the age of 3 months, the Wt of non-exclusively breast-fed infants was lower than the 50th percentile of the reference value (NCHS), but Land HC increments were similar in both groups. Mean Wt, Land HC of exclusively breast-fed female infants were higher compared to non-exclusive females and also higher than exclusive male and non-exclusively breast-fed male infants. In the present study, the faltering of growth of infants was seen in the first 4 months of age, in comparison to breastfed infants in the Darling study.}, Keywords = {Exclusive breast feeding, Anthropometry, Weight, Length, Head circumference.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {27-32}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-896-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-896-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SABRI, MOHAMMAD REZA and KADIVAR, MOHAMMAD RAHIM and BORZOUEE, MOHAMMAD}, title = {SERUM PENICILLIN LEVEL A FTER INTRAMUSCULA R INJECTION OF 1,200,000 UNITS OF BENZATHINE PENICILLIN G IN CHILDREN WITH RHEUMATIC FEVER}, abstract ={The most accepted method of secondary prophylaxis in rheumatic fever (RF) has been an injection of 1,200,000 units of benzathine penicillin G (BPG) every 4 weeks, but recurrences have been reported in some patients despite such a prophylaxis program. The WHO recommended BPG injections every 3 weeks in high risk patients and situations due to some published data in favor of inadequacy of once every 4 weeks injection of BPG. Our study was designed to determine serum penicillin levels (SPL) during the 4 weeks after an intramuscular injection of 1,200,000 units of BPG, in order to find the appropriate interval between BPG injections and also to assess the effects of weight and sex on this level. We included 42 RF patients (mean±SD=14.8±11.9 years) in our study. SPL was determined by disk agar diffusion method. In this study the minimum accepted SPL to be effective against group A β-hemolytic streptococci was 0.02 µg/mL. In 46% of the patients the mean SPL decreased to <0.02 µg/mL at the end of the third week (mean ±SD=2.35 ± 1.3 weeks). The mean SPLs were significantly higher in patients who weighed <45 kg (mean±SD=38.6±4.3 kg) in comparison with those who weighed 2:45 kg (mean±SD=54.25±4.87 kg), with a p value <0.0001. There was no significant differences in mean SPL between boys and girls (p =0.145). Although in this study the mean SPL was <0.02 µg/mL in 46% of patients at the end of the third week, we could not recommend every 3 weeks injections of BPG in all patients, except in high risk patients and situations as recommended by the WHO and also in those patients who weighed 2:45 kg.}, Keywords = {Rheumatic Fever, Secondary Benzathine Penicillin Prophylaxis, Children, Serum Penicillin Level.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {23-26}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-895-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-895-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {JAHANFAR, SHAYESTEH and A.EDEN, JOHN}, title = {UNILATERAL POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME}, abstract ={Two-hundred and seventeen subjects underwent transvaginal ultrasound -17 (8%) had unilateral polycystic ovary (PCO). Twelve percent of subjects with unilateral scan-pea had oligomenorrhea, 24% were amenorrheic, 23% were hirsute and 29% had acne. Biochemical parameters were compared between subjects with unilateral scan- PCO and those with bilateral scan- PCO (n=200) as well as a group of scan-normal women (n=29). No significant difference was found between subjects with bilateral and unilateral scan- PCO suggesting that these 2 groups are biochemically similar. The existence of unilateral scan- PCO suggests that peas may be a primary ovarian disorder.}, Keywords = {Polycystic ovary syndrome, Unilateral polycystic ovary, Primary ovarian disorder.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-22}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-894-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-894-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {MIKAELI, J and MALEKZADEH, R and KHATIBIAN, M and ANSARI, R and VAHEDI, H and SOLIMANI, H}, title = {GRADED P NEUMATIC DILATATION WI THOUT FLUOROSCOPY IN THE T REATMENT OF ESOPHAGEAL ACHALASIA}, abstract ={Between 1993-1996 seventy-three consecutive patients (33 M, 40 F, mean age 35.4) with newly diagnosed achalasia underwent one or more pneumatic dilatations with the Rigiflex balloon using a protocol of graded dilatation with a fixed inflation pressure of 10 psi and constant duration of 30 seconds for all patients without using fluoroscopy. Using Vantrappen's classification for assessment of response, excellent or good results were considered as cure and fair or poor results as failure. Duration of symptoms and the amount of weight loss before dilatation averaged 5.2 years and 10 kg, respectively. In 62 patients one, in 5 patients two, and in 4 patients three dilatations were performed. Dilatation failed in one patient because of previous surgery and was followed by perforation in one patient (1.4%) and bleeding in another patient (1.4%). Follow up period averaged 20 months (range 6-38 months) with a cure rate of 90% (57 excellent, 9 good) and failure rate of 6.8% (3 fair, 2 poor). We conclude that graded pneumatic dilatation without fluoroscopy is a safe and very effective treatment for achalasia with 90% of patients having a sustained response lasting at least for an average of 20 months.}, Keywords = {Achalasia, pneumatic dilatation, fluoroscopy, esophageal perforation.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {15-18}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-893-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-893-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {TORABI-NEZHAD, S and MAFTOUN, S}, title = {THE INCI DENC E OF PROS TATIC INTRAEPI THELIAL NEOPLASIA IN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA AND PROS TATIC C ARCINOMA}, abstract ={Prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia (PIN) is considered a precursor of invasive carcinoma, characterized by proliferation and anaplasia of cells lining prostatic ducts and acini. In this study, we applied the PIN grading system on one-hundred cases of prostatic carcinoma and one-hundred cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia, then compared the results. 74% of prostatic carcinoma and 51 % of prostatic hyperplasia cases showed PIN foci. Most of the prostatic carcinomas (61 %) showed foci of high-grade PIN including grade II (46%) and grade III (15%). In benign prostatic hyperplasia cases, only PIN grade I (26%) and grade II (25%) were seen. It is concluded that PIN and invasive adenocarcinoma of prostate are closely associated and the likelihood for coexistence is higher in patients with high grade PIN and especially if other factors such as prostate specific antigen and positive findings on sonography are also considered.}, Keywords = {Prostate, Prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia, Prostatic carcinoma, Benign prostatic hyperplasia.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {9-13}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-892-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-892-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {SAADATNIA, H and SERESHKI, S and GHIASIMOGHADAM, T}, title = {PRIMARY MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE: ANALYSIS OF 156 IRANIAN PATIENTS}, abstract ={156 Iranian patients with primary malignant tumors of the small intestine were reviewed. Malignant lymphoma was the most common tumor type, comprising 128 patients (82%), followed by adenocarcinoma (22 patients, 14.1 %), leiomyosarcoma (4 patients, 2.56%) and carcinoid tumor (2 patients, 1.28%). Lymphomas and adenocarcinomas were primarily located in the duodenum or jejunum, whereas leiomyosarcomas were more cornmon in the ileum. Abdominal pain (73%), weight loss (68%), diarrhea (41% ), and nausea or vomiting (35%) were the most common symptoms with these tumors. Among the lymphoma group 95 patients (74.2%) had non-IPSID (immunoproliferative small intestinal disease) lymphoma and 33 patients (25.8%) had IPSID related lymphoma. In contrast to the western world and far east countries in which malignant small intestinal tumors are a disease of middle and old age groups and adenocarcinoma is the most common tumor type, in our area, similar to some other middle east and north African countries, lymphomas are much more frequent. Although Iran is endemic for IPSID related lymphoma, the majority of these tumors are non-IPSID lymphomas and appear in a very young age group (mean age 27 y).}, Keywords = {Neoplasm, adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma, leiomyosarcoma.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-8}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-891-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-891-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} } @article{ author = {A. SHAHRAZAD, A}, title = {VARICOCELE SIZE AND SEMEN QUALITY}, abstract ={In this study we have described our varicocele cases in terms of associated symptoms/signs. In addition, we have tested the correlation between semen parameters and varicocele grades and compared the relative frequencies of associated symptoms/signs in different varicocele grades. 1 19 referred cases of varicocele were categorized based on clinical criteria into 3 grades by one examiner. The relative frequencies of associated symptoms/signs of the grades were compared. 52 of the cases whose semen analyses were performed at the same laboratory were included for comparison of semen parameters. Most of the cases were single conscripts. Age range was 1 8 to 38 years and the mean age was 23 years. Pain was the most common associated finding in our mostly single physically active cases. Of all the 1 19 cases, 9 were grade 1 , 63 grade 2, and 47 grade 3. Mean sperm concentration was 60.3 million per cubic centimeter. No significant difference was found in the relative frequencies of associated symptoms/signs among different grades. Difference in semen parameters among grades was negligible and not significant at 0. 1 (0.05 as well). Pain could be the most common associated finding in young single physically active varicocele cases. It seems that varicocele grade bears no significance over the relative frequencies of associated symptoms/signs. Our data is against any clinically and/or statistically significant relationship between varicocele size and semen parameters.}, Keywords = {Varicocele, Semen, Grade.}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-4}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-890-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-890-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2000} }