@article{ author = {ZIBAEENEZHAD, MJ and BARATI, O}, title = {RAMADAN AND CARDIOVASCULAR DRUG USE}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {243-243}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-740-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-740-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {EINOLLAHI, B}, title = {NEPHROPATHY CAUSED BY CHINESE HERBS IN IRAN}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {240-242}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-739-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-739-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {MASOUMI, JP and YADEGARINIA, D and MOZONI, S}, title = {The RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ABO BLOOD GROUPS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DIARRHEA IN INFANTS DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Blood groups, Infantile diarrhea}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {239-240}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1625-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1625-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {JALALI, SA}, title = {LIPOSARCOMA OF THE CECUM}, abstract ={Liposarcoma of the digestive tract is very rare only a few cases of liposarcoma of the stomach have been reported so far. In this article a 29-year-old woman is presented with a history of long-standing mid-abdominal pain and various treatments for anemia and peptic ulcer disease which did not improve her symptoms until a barium-enema revealed a filling defect in the cecum. Under laparotomy a lobulated lipoma-like tumor with yellowish color was seen which measured 3x4cm. A right hemicolectomy was performed. The pathology reported a liposarcoma of the cecum with no mesenteric lymph node involvement. The patient is free of disease 1.5 years after surgery. As far as we know, this is the first reported case of liposarcoma of the large bowel in the world.}, Keywords = {Liposarcoma, intestine.}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {235-237}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-738-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-738-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {DERAKHSHAN, A and HASHEMI, GB}, title = {PROLONGED PARALYSIS AS AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS}, abstract ={A case of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) who had gradual onset of paralysis of lower extremities and persisted for a long time is presented. His primary workups were mistaken for muscular dystrophy. Eventually, an abdominal ultrasonography revealed small stones in both of the kidneys and his workup for the stones were in favor of distal renal tubular acidosis and advanced rickets with hypokalemia. He had a dramatic response to alkaline therapy. There are many reports of periodic paralysis in RTA but no report of prolonged paralysis is found in the literature.}, Keywords = {renal tubular acidosis, paralysis, rickets, hypokalemia}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {231-233}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1622-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1622-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {SOVEID, M}, title = {TUMOR ASSOCIATED OSTEOMALACIA IN NEUROFIBROMATOSIS: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW}, abstract ={The association of osteomalacia with neurofibromatosis is a very rare entity. Here a 34 year old man, a known case of neurofibromatosis, is reported who presented with bone pain, hypophosphatemia, rena] phosphorus wasting, multiple Looser's pseudofractures, and low bone density. Treatment with high dose calcitriol and phosphate resulted in temporary treatment. Permanent cure was achieved after removal of two large superficial neurofibromas.}, Keywords = {hypophosphatemia, osteomalacia, neurofibromatosis }, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {227-230}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-737-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-737-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {TAVAKOLI, MB}, title = {THEORETICAL MODELS FOR DETERMINING THE VELOCITY OF ULTRASOUND IN BONE AND BONE SAMPLES}, abstract ={Currently available non-invasive clinical methods for diagnosing osteoporosis are mainly associated with ionizing radiation. Ultrasonic assessment of bone disease is a more recent technology. A theoretical explanation for the relationship between ultrasonic parameters and bone structure is necessary. Thus, two types of bone samples of perspex (HAP) and perspex-glass beads were produced. Each type was made with a different fraction of constituents. The ultrasonic properties of these samples were measured. The results of velocity measurement showed rise of velocity in the samples when the volume fraction of the HPA or glass beads increased with a different trend. A theoretical model for the velocity in a composite material was developed and the results of the two samples were used to test the model. The results showed a good agreement for the perspex-glass bead sample at different volume fraction, while the agreement between perspex-HAP was not as good as the other sample.}, Keywords = {ultrasound, velocity, attenuation, bone sample.}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {221-225}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-736-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-736-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {MOKHTARI, F and RAFEIE, S and KEYHANI, E}, title = {ISOLATION OF MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN AND DETECTION OF I TS IMMUNOL\'OGICAL PROPERTIES}, abstract ={Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system of presumed autoimmune etiology. One of the best animal models of demyelinating diseases is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which can be induced in a variety of animals by injection of a target antigen such as myelin basic protein (MBP). The immune responses against the target amino acids cause tissue damages such as demyelination in the CNS. In this study, after isolation of myelin basic protein from bovine cord, we examined its purity and molecular weight by SDS-PAGE and in order to investigate its immunological properties, two varieties of guinea pigs were injected with different amounts of the isolated protein. Clinical signs of EAE and also histological changes were detected. Delayed type hypersensitivity, and anti-MBP antibodies to the isolated MBP were also investigated. Another form of EAE which has been called chronic-relapsing EAE (CR-EAE), was induced by injection of cord homogenate. EAE and CR-EAE are the best models for MS investigations.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {213-220}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-735-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-735-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {HOSSEINI-MAZINANI, SM and JAFAR-NEJAD, H and GHANDILI, S}, title = {PATT ERN OF RESIS TANCE TO BETA-LACTAMS IN E.COLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN IRAN}, abstract ={A total of 385 urine specimens from suspected urinary tract infections were subjected to bacteriological analysis and susceptibility testing at a major university hospital laboratory in Tehran. A battery of eight beta-Iactam antibiotics, commonly prescribed in Iran, and three third-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and ceftizoxime) that are usually reserved for limited use in the hospital setting were tested against E.coli urine isolates, using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. E. coli was the most common isolate from both the inpatient (37.8%) and outpatient (30.5%) populations. The susceptibility testing revealed a high degree of resistance to oxacillin, ampicillin, amoxycilIin, carbenicillin and cephradine. Furthermore, a marked difference in the sensitivity/resistance ratio between the inpatient and outpatient populations was observed. The E.coli isolates exhibited the highest rate of resistance to oxacillin, ranging from 49.4% in the outpatients to 81.6% in the inpatients. The frequency of the isolate resistance to first-generation cephalosporins was less widespread. Despite the absence of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins among the outpatient isolates, a significant resistance to ceftazidime (9.6%) and ceftriaxone (8.8%) was observed among the outpatient bacterial isolates. The susceptibility testing of the E.coli isolates to a combination of amoxycillin and clavulanic acid revealed 6.9% resistance among outpatient and 12.5% among inpatient isolates. These results are particularly significant in that this study was performed immediately before the introduction of Co-amoxyclav to the Iranian drug market and can be served as a basis for monitoring the spread of resistance to this drug in Iran.}, Keywords = {antibiotic resistance, clavuianic acid, third-generation cephalosporins, urinary tract infection.}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {209-212}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-734-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-734-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {ADEL, SMH and SHAHBAZIAN, H}, title = {REGRESSION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY AFTER SUCCESSFUL RENAL TRANSPLANTATION AMONG UREMIC PATIENTS}, abstract ={Recognition of the natural history and responsible leading factors for regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after successful renal transplantation are very important. The aim of this study was to assess the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after successful renal transplantation among uremic patients. In this study 27 uremic patients (18 males and 9 females) with an average age of 38.5 years were randomly selected. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated before and after renal transplantation at the beginning, and at 4, 6 and 8 months. The means of LVMI before and after transplantation were 180±19.3 g/m2 and 133.8±16.8 g/m2 respectively (p<0.00l ). The means of regression after transplantation at 0,4,6 and 8 months of follow up were 1919/m2, 157.3 g/m2, 147.8 g/ m2 and 138.8 g/m2 respectively. There was a significant difference between the means of hemoglobin concentration and blood pressure before and after transplantation (p<0.00l). For instance the means of hemoglobin concentration and blood pressure was 7.2±0.4 and 13.1±0.7 g/dL, 154±6 / 97±4.4, and 135±6.3/ 89±3.8 mmHg respectively. This study showed that maximum left ventricular hypertrophy regression occurred 4 months after transplantation, then decreased to a minimum level of 147.8 and 135.8 g/m2 at 6 and 8 months after transplantation respectively. Restoration of hemoglobin concentration and blood pressure to normal levels may be recognized as a main cause of left ventricular hypertrophy regression.}, Keywords = {Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI) , Regression , Left Ventricular Hypertrophy(LVH) , Renal}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {205-208}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-733-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-733-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {GOLALIPOUR, MJ and VAKILI, MA and ARYA, B}, title = {NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS IN NEWBORNS IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF THE CASPIAN SEA BORDER (GORGAN, IRAN 1998-2000)}, abstract ={Neural tube defects (NTD) are one of the most important malformations of newborns. The aim of this research is to determine the rates of NTD, anencephaly and spina bifida cystica and the relations of these abnormalities to the factors including sex, race, ethnicity, maternal age and familial marriage in the south-east of the Caspian Sea border. A three-year descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study was carried out on 19545 newborns deliverd in Dezyani hospital in Gorgan during 1998-2000. From the total sample population (19545), the NTD rate was 3.12 per 1000 deliveries. In males the rate was 2.49 per 1000, in females 3.79 per 1000, and the female to male ratio was l.44: l. The rate of anencephaly and spina bifida was l.25 per 1000 and l.74 per 1000 respectively. In regard to different races the NTD rate was 7.48 per 1000,9.5 per 1000, and 2.35 per 1000 among Turkmans, Sistanis and Parses, respectively. It can be concluded that there is a higher rate of NTD in this region that may be due to the race-ethnicity and the ecological variations.}, Keywords = {neural tube defects, anencephaly, spina bifida cystica, Iran.}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {199-203}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-732-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-732-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {POURSADEGH, M and MOSTAAN, LV}, title = {THE EFFECT OF ELECTROSTIMULATION ON CALORIC-INDUCED NYSTAGMUS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY}, abstract ={The objective of this study was to describe the role of electrical stimulation in controlling peripheral vertigo. In a prospective study on 13 healthy volunteers, nystagmus was induced with caloric stimulation and the interval of nystagmus disappearance was recorded. This time indicates the basal response of vestibular end-organ. After caloric irrigation, pulsed signal was applied for each person through retroauricu1ar transcutaneous electrodes and the interval of nystagmus disappearance was measured, secondarily. In second examination on three new volunteers, simultaneous caloric warm water irrigation in one ear and electrical induction in the other ear were done for a long period. There was a significant decrease in the duration of nystagmus with electrical stimulation in the first stage (p<O.05), and in the second not only was there no rotational feeling, but also at the end of irrigation no strong nystagmus was seen. Regarding the results of this study we conclude that electrical stimulation has a beneficial effect on vestibulosuppression.}, Keywords = {caloric irrigation, galvanic stimulation, transcutaneous electrode, peripheral veltigo.}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {193-197}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {MASOUMI, M}, title = {AN INNOVATIVE SURGIC AL TECHNIQUE FOR CONTINUOUS SUTURING OF PROSTHESIS IN MITR AL VALVE REPL A CEMENT}, abstract ={Mitral valve replacement (MVR) is usually performed in two methods of running and interrupted suturing. In running method, the suturing of the valve is usually with some traction on the annulus and also there is a risk of aortic valve injury. This study was conducted to evaluate a new technique for suturing to avoid these complications and decrease the time of cardiac arrest. One hundred and seventy-seven cases undergoing isolated MVR or MVR with other valve replacements were operated by the new method and compared with 77 cases of routine method, as control group. The patients were followed up 1-4 years. In the control group, one case of mortality occurred due to heart failure. In both groups one case of late mortality was observed not related to surgical operation. No paravalvular leakage or aortic valve injury was observed. The highlights of this technique are the simplicity of operation, short period of valve implantation and aortic clamp time, which indicated 6 and 11 minutes decrease in average time, respectively. This method is recommended for all cases of rheumatic mitral valve disease, especially for those having a small atrium.}, Keywords = {heart valve prosthesis, mitral valve surgery.}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {189-191}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-730-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-730-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {HUSSAINKHAN, Z and SABERI, H and BITARAF, MA}, title = {THE DILEMMA OF HEMODYNAMIC INSTABILITY DURING INDUCTION OF ANESTHESIA: CAN MIDAZOLAM SERVE AS A SUITABLE SUBSTITUTE FOR THIOPENTONE?}, abstract ={Both midazolam and thiopental sodium are being used as induction agents and for maintenance of anesthesia. In contrast to other benzodiazepines such as diazepam, midazolam has a rapid onset of action and fast distribution and causes few cardiovascular or respiratory effects. Being water soluble, midazolam is also associated with a low incidence of venous irritation. The purpose of this study was to see whether midazolam is a suitable substitute for thiopental sodium as an induction agent. To compare the hemodynamic changes associated with midazolam and thiopental sodium as induction agents, this study was conducted in two groups each comprising of 30 patients. No significant hemodynamic changes regarding heart rate and blood pressure could be noticed in the two groups (p<0.05). All patients in the midazolam group exhibited anterograde amnesia but in the thiopental group, 20% of the patients had recall for operative events one hour after completion of surgery. To arrive at more conclusive results, preferably multi-center studies involving large numbers of cases are recommended.}, Keywords = {Hemodynamic instability, Induction of Anesthesia, Midazolam, Thiopental sodium.}, volume = {16}, Number = {4}, pages = {183-187}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-729-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-729-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2003} } @article{ author = {REZVAN, H and NASIRI, S and MOUSAVI, K and GOLABI, M}, title = {A STUDY ON THE APPLICATION AND EFFICACY OF SOLVENT-DETERGENT (SID) TREATMENT IN THE PROCESS OF PURIFYING FACTOR VII FROM PROTHROMBIN COMPLEX}, abstract ={The risks of transmitting viral infection by blood and plasma-derived products have long been known and still remain an area of concern. In this study, in the process of purifying human factor VII from prothrombin complex, SID treatment using tri-n-butyl phosphate and Tween 80 was employed and its capability and efficacy was studied. The results indicated that the process did not affect the biological function of the essential coagulation factors studied. In addition, the process was shown to be effective on enveloped viruses, where its inactivation factor for the model used, Herpes Simplex type I, was 5.5 logs. However, the procedure was not effective on poliovirus which was used as a model for non-enveloped viruses. It is therefore concluded that for increasing viral safety it is best to apply at least one more inactivating procedure which will be effective on non-enveloped viruses as well.}, Keywords = {Human Factor VII concentrate, viral inactivation, solvent-detergent treatment.}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {179-182}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-751-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-751-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {AHMADI, S and KARIMIAN, SM and SOTOUDEH, M and BAHADORI, M}, title = {HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF PANCREATIC ISLET BETA CELLS OF DIABETIC RATS TREATED WITH ORAL VANADYL SULPHATE}, abstract ={Vanadium salts have been suggested as a possible therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to clarify histological and immunohistochemical changes that occur in the pancreatic beta (β) cells of vanadyl sulphate (VS)-treated streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Wi star rats were made diabetic by injecting a single intravenous dose of STZ (40 mg/kg) and were divided into two groups seven days after STZ injection. In the first group VS was administered via drinking water at a concentration of 1 mg/mL and treatment was maintained until normoglycemia appeared (DT). A second group of diabetic animals received distilled water for the same period and were considered as control diabetic (DC). One group of animals (NC) was injected intravenously with the same amount of vehicle as the diabetic rats and was considered as non-diabetic control. VS treatment was accompanied by amelioration of the signs of diabetes in DT rats while DC animals remained diabetic during this period. Hemotoxylin - Eosin stained pancreatic sections of DC rats showed a decrease in the number and size of islets and a disruption in their architecture. In DT rats the histological appearance of the islets was normal, their shape and size being within normal limits. In horseradish peroxidase procedure (using guinea pig antiserum to insulin as primary antibody) performed on pancreatic islet paraffin sections of rats, insulin immunoreactivity was found in the majority of the islets in DT rats while in the islets of DC rats immunoreactivity was rare. The results of this study indicated that amelioration of diabetes in vanadyl sulphate treated diabetic rats was accompanied with well preservation of islet structure and insulin immunoreactivity.}, Keywords = {Vanadyl Sulphate, Pancreas, Beta cell, Diabetes.}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {173-178}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-750-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-750-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {ZANDIEH, T and TARABADI, F and TABATABAIYAN, A and IZADYAR, M}, title = {A SURVEY OF CELLULAR IMMUNITY, TOTAL T-LYMPHOCYTE, T-ACTIVE , B-LYMPHOCYTE A ND T-CELL FUNCTION IN RELATION TO PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ (PHA) IN THALASSEMIC PATIENTS}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune system and lymphocyte function in 41 Iranian β-thalassemic patients and 50 controls, ages ranging from 2 to 18 years. The patients consisted of 20 splenectomized and 21 non-splenectomized patients. They were treated with Desferal, and had received repeated blood transfusion. Laboratory investigations included measurement of total T lymphocytes, active T lymphocytes, B-Iymphocytes and function of lymphocytes treated with PHA. In this study we observed a significant reduction of active T lymphocytes and total T lymphocytes in the patient group compared to controls (p<0.005 & p<0.001), but there was no significant difference between splenectomized and non-splenectomized patients. Also in both groups, lymphocyte function was reduced against PHA (phytohemagglutinin) compared with the controls, and the numbers of B cells were increased. These results lead to the conclusion that the deficient immune system in β-thalassemia causes infectious diseases, which finally leads to death. Therefore, stimulation of the immune system as well as clinical treatment may prevent infectious disease in patients with β- thalassemia.}, Keywords = {Thalassemic patient, Immune system, Cytomegalovirus, Blood transfusion.}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {169-172}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-748-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-748-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {MOADDAB, SR and RAFI, A}, title = {SPECIES IDENTIFICATION AND INV ESTIGATION OF VANCOMYCIN AND HIGH-LEVEL AMINOGLYCOSIDE AMONG CLINICAL ISOLATES OF ENTEROCOCCAL STRAINS}, abstract ={A study was performed to determine the species and antimicrobial susceptibility of 100 enterococcus strains from various clinical specimens as etiological agents at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Istanbul University, Medical Faculty Hospital. Out of 100 enterococcal isolates, 86 were identified as E. faecalis, 11 as E. faecium, 1 as E. avium and 2 as E. raffinosus. By the disk diffusion tests 36 of 100 strains were found to be resistant to erythromycin, 32 to penicillin, 30 to ampicillin, 7 to ciprofloxacin, 6 to norfloxacin and 5 to nitrofurantoin. No resistance was observed to vancomycin or teicoplanin. Twenty-six strains showed high-level resistance to streptomycin (2000 )..lg/mL) and 13 strains exhibited high-level resistance to gentamicin (500 )..lg/mL). Ten of these strains had high-level resistance to both aminoglycosides. None of the strains produced beta -lactamase.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {165-168}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-747-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-747-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {SHAKIBAIE,, MOHAMMAD REZA}, title = {PLASMID MEDIATED METAL AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA STRAINS ISOLATED FROM BURN PATIENTS}, abstract ={Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of bum infections, and antibiotic- resistant strains of this bacterium are emerging due to extensive application of antibiotics in the bum unit of hospitals. In this study 50 strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated from bum patients infected with this micro-organism in the bum unit of a general hospital in Kerman, Iran over one year [May 1999-ApriI2000]. Sensitivity/ resistance of the isolates for antibiotics and metals was determined by MIC test. 46% of the isolates were resistant to ciprofioxacin, kanamycin (K), gentamicin (Gm), tetracycline (Te) and chloramphenicol ( c ). 35% were resistant to amikacin (AN), ceftriaxone (Ceft), and cefotaxime (CTX), and 10% were resistant to imipenem (Imp) and piperacillin (PIP). The isolates exhibited varied MIC's to metal ions. 87% were sensitive to cadmium (Cd), 62% to lead (Pb), 91 % to mercury (Hg), 54% to zinc (Zn), 85% to chromium (Cr), and 83% to arsenate (Ars). Among them, strain 16 was found to be resistant to Pb, Cr, and Zn as well as Te, C, Gm, and K. Conjugation and transformation experiments revealed the transfer of Ter, Cr, Krand Gmr along with Pbr to a sensitive strain of P. aeruginosa PTCC1074.1 (Rif) but not to E. coli K12 HB101.1(Rifr). Subsequent plasmid isolation and agarose gel electrophoresis (0.7%) confirmed the presence of three-plasmid bands in strain 16 and the transconjugant. Furthermore, strain 16 accumulated a maximum amount of Pb (50µM) within 60 min. and reached a plateau afterwards.}, Keywords = {Pseudomonas, antibiotic resistance, lead resistance, plasmid}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {159-163}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-746-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-746-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {GHAEMIAN, A and MOBINI, M and AJAMI, A}, title = {ANTI CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC EVENTS}, abstract ={To determine the presence of anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies in patients with ischemic events, we designed a case-control study. We studied 33 patients with unstable angina, 33 male patients with myocardial infarction and 34 control subjects with no evidence of ischemic heart disease. Plasma samples were assessed for IgG anticardiolipin antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of aCL were (mean±SD of optical density multiplied by 1000): 624±319, 486±318, and 239±202 for patients with unstable angina, myocardial infarction and controls, respectively (F= 15.74 and p=0.0000). High aCL levels were found more often in patients with acute ischemic events.}, Keywords = {Anticardiolipin antibodies, Myocardial infarction, Ischemic events.}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {155-157}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-745-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-745-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {SAKHA, K and SULTANI, H}, title = {THE PROPHYLACTIC EFFECT OF LACTULOSE ON NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA BY ACCELERATION OF MECONIUM PASSAGE}, abstract ={One of the causes of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is increased reabsorption of bilirubin from meconium in the gastrointestinal tract. This occurs when the conjugated bilirubin which is excreted into the colon is 'unconjugated by beta glucuronidase activity, present in the neonatal intestine, which hydrolyzes bilirubin diglucuronide into unconjugated bilirubin, which subsequently is reabsorbed into the portal circulation, contributing to the bilirubin overload on hepatic excretory pathways. Thus, delayed passage of meconium can cause an elevation in the serum bilirubin level. We accelerated meconium transit by lactulose and evaluated the relationship between meconium passage, neonatal jaundice and bilirubin level. 150 newborns were selected after birth in Tabriz Al-zahra Hospital with special criteria. Half of them were given 4.5-5 mL lactulose by gavage 2 hours after birth. Time of meconium passage, appearance of jaundice and level of bilirubin were studied in both groups. Results showed that 40% of neonates in the study. group and 26.6% in the control group were non-icteric. Bilirubin level more than 12 mg/dL was seen in 28% of the study group and 53.4% of neonates in the control group. There was a statistically significant correlation between lactulose receivers and the control group (p=0.0028). This investigation showed that acceleration of meconium passage in newborns decreases the incidence of jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia.}, Keywords = {Jaundice, Hyperbilirubinemia, Lactulose, Meconium.}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {151-154}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-743-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-743-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {MAHDAVI, R and NAGHIB, M}, title = {KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IN CHILDREN: RESULTS OF TEN YEARS EXP ERIENCE IN IMAM REZA HOSPITAL}, abstract ={Advances in nephrology and pediatric urology have increased the number of children who survive renal disease and become candidates for renal transplantation. Ten years of experience in pediatric renal transplantation are reviewed to determine the rates of patient morbidity and graft survival. Of the 450 renal transplantations performed in Imam Reza Hospital (1989- 1999), fifty-one were done on children (6-18yrs.). Causes of renal failure included: reflux nephropathy, 8 cases neurogenic bladder, 5 cases posterior urethral valve, one case prune belly syndrome, 1 case small kidney due to chronic glomerulonephritis, 8 cases the remaining failures were of unknown etiology. All kidneys were harvested from living donors,3o related and unrelated.20 Immunosuppressive therapy was given with three drugs in all children: prednisolone, azathioprine, and cyclosporine, with the exception of 6 recipients of HLA identical siblings who did not receive cyclosporine. The Kaplan-Meier curve was constructed to assess graft and patient survival and the Log rank test was used to assess the effect of kidney source and date of renal transplant. Immediate dieresis occurred in all graft. Surgical complications included two urinary fistulae and one clinical lymphocele which were all repaired surgically. There were eleven acute rejections. The most common causes of graft failure were chronic rejection and recurrence of primary renal diseases. The graft survival rates after 1, 2, 5 and 10 years were 95%, 84%, 76%, and 62% respectively. By all measures, renal transplantation is still the treatment of choice for children with ESRD. Renal transplantation in children results in improvement in physical growth, mental development and rate of survival. Hypertension, chronic rejection, infection, obesity and medical noncompliance continue to be problematic.}, Keywords = {Graft Survival, renal transplantation, living donor, children}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {145-149}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1638-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1638-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {FOROOTANPISHBUARY, H and MIRMOMEN, S and ALAMDARY, S and GHOFRANI, H and FARAHVASH, MJ and YOSSEFIMASHHOOR, M and GHANAIE, F}, title = {THE EFFICACY AND SA FETY OF INTERFERON ALFA FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B INFECTED SUBJECTS IN IRAN}, abstract ={This preliminary study was designed to evaluate the effects of Heberon Alfa for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infected subjects in Iran. A single center, open label, single treatment prospective study of Interferon Alfa (Heberon Alfa), 5 million units every other day for a period of 4 months, was performed between 1996 to 1998. A total number of 30 patients with histologically documented chronic hepatitis and positive serum HBsAg were included in the study. Serum ALT of all patients was greater than 1.5 times normal before start of therapy. Effect of therapy on aminotransferase activity and HBsAg, HBeAg seroconversion was monitored and all the patients underwent a second liver biopsy at the end of the study period. Mean age of patients was 35.5 ± 12 (17 to 60 years old) and 73% of patients were male. Most patients experienced adverse effects, but none warranted stopping the treatment. No serious or unexpected adverse event was reported during the study period. Thrombocytopenia was recorded in 2 patients. Liver biopsy showed a decrease in hepatic inflammation in 53.5% of patients, no change in 36.70/0 and increase in hepatic inflammation in 100/0 of patients after the treatment. Serum ALT returned to normal in 18 patients (60%), decreased in 7 patients (23.3%) and didn't change in 5 patients (16.7%). There was a strong correlation between serum ALT normalization and histological improvement. HBsAg became negative in 5 patients (16.6%). 10 patients had positive HBeAg prior to therapy, which became negative in 4 of then1 (40%) by the end of the study. The current study confirms the result of other clinical trials and indicates that Heberon Alfa is a safe and effective drug for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infected subjects with histologically documented chronic hepatitis.}, Keywords = { Interferon, chronic hepatitis B, Heberon}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {139-134}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1637-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1637-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {BASIRI, A and TABIBI, A and PARVIN, M}, title = {THE EFFECT OF URINE AND BLOOD METABOLIC RISK FACTORS ON CALCIUM STONE FORMATION}, abstract ={In spite of vast improvements in urinary stone treatment (ESWL, PNL, ureteroscopy, etc.), metabolic workup concerning the existence of stone forming risk factors are of great importance and can lead to control and even prevention of urinary stone formation in these patients. In this analytical case-control study performed on 266 persons [110 normal persons (56 males and 54 females), 76 patients with one episode of stone formation (40 males and 36 females), and 80 patients with recurrent stone formation (40 males and 40 females)] aged between 30 to 45 (with an average of 37.6) in Shahid Doctor Labbafinejad Medical Center from May to July 1999, serum parameters and 24-hour urine parameters have been investigated and compared among the three groups. Results of this study revealed considerable differences in urinary calcium levels of these three groups, with and without considering sex (p<0.05). Averages of 24-hour urinary calcium calculated for normal, one episode and recurrent stone formers in male groups were 159±43, 219± 71, and 283± 74 mg/24h respective1y, and for normal, one episode and recurrent stone formers in female groups were 124±37, 190±58, and 287:t152 mg/24h respectively. Although 24-hour urine citrate in females obviously showed higher values than males, there was no significant difference among the studied groups of the same sex. Levels of serum calcium, potassium and magnesium between groups of females and 24- hour urine magnesium and phosphate levels between groups of males had statistical differences also (p<0.05 for all of the cases mentioned above). According to the results obtained from this study, it was realized that in the studied society levels of 24-hour urinary calcium which are higher than 200 mg/ 24h (sensitivity 80%, specificity 94% and FPR 6.4%) and calcium creatinine ratios of 24-hour urine which are higher than 0.17 (sensitivity 7.5%, specificity 88.1 % and FPR 11.9%) can be regarded as hypercalciuria. However, the results of this study should be confirmed by more general and extended studies.}, Keywords = {Kidney stone, Hypercalciuria, Hypocitraturia, Hypomagnesuria}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {133-137}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1630-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1630-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {MALAKANRAD, E and MOMTAZMANESH, N}, title = {DOPPLER-DERIVED RIGHT VEN T RICU L AR MYOC ARD IAL PERFORMANCE IN DEX IN NEON ATES: N ORMAL VALUES}, abstract ={Doppler-derived myocardial performance index (MPI) , defined as the s um of isovolumetric contraction and relaxation durations divided by ejection time, is an easily measured and reproducible index that shows both systolic and diastolic myocardial function. The goal of this study was to define normal values of right ventricular MPI in neonates in the first 48 to 72 hours of life. Fifty-one quiet or sleeping healthy and term neonates underwent complete M-mode, two-dimensional color-Doppler echocardiographic examination and RV MPI was calculated in them. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. A P value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. RV MPI was shown to be 0.23±0.14 in healthy neonates. There was no correlation between RV MPI and either age or weight of the newborn infants. While this value closely resembles the results of some researchers, it is lower than that previously reported by other investigators in healthy children. The lower value of RV MPI in neonates may be possibly related to the higher pulmonary arterial pressure or right ventricular mass in the first few days of life in neonates. Further study to evaluate the effect of pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular mass on RV MPI is recommended.}, Keywords = {RVMPI, neonates, normal values}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {129-132}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-742-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-742-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {AGHAMOHAMMADI, A and FARHOUDI, A and MOEIN, M and POURPAK, Z and REZAEI, N and ABOLMAALI, K and MOVAHEDI, M and GHARAGOZLOU, M and MIRSAEIDGHAZI, B and MAHMOUDI, M}, title = {A 20-YEAR SURVEY OF INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS IN 64 PATIENTS WITH COMMON VARIABLE IMMUNODEFICIENCY}, abstract ={Common variable immunodeficiency (CV ID) is a heterogeneous primary immunodeficiency disorder, characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and increased susceptibility to recurrent bacterial infections. To determine the spectrum of infectious complications in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CV ID), we reviewed the hospital records of 64 CVID patients, who were diagnosed in Children's Medical Center during a period of 20 years. Among our patients, there were 38 males and 26 females, with a median age of 12 years (2-42 years) at the time of study. The median age of diagnosis was 6.1 years, with an average diagnostic delay of 5.2 years in our patient's group. Almost all of our patients have suffered from acute and recurrent infections, particularly in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. The majority of patients (82.5%) had pneumonia prior to diagnosis. The other infectious complications seen in our patients were as follows: recurrent otitis media (54%), recurrent sinusitis (50.8%), diarrhea (65.1 %), and bacterial meningitis (11.1 %). Unusual or opportunistic infections were also seen in some of our patient population, including oral candidiasis in 10 patients, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 2 subjects. Based on this study, we suggest that hypogammaglobulinemia should be considered in any patient with a history of recurrent infections in different organs, and such patients should have a full assessment of the immune system.}, Keywords = {Common variable immunodeficiency (CYID), Infection, Complication, hypogammaglobulinemia.}, volume = {16}, Number = {3}, pages = {123-128}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-741-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-741-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {AFSHAR, A}, title = {COMBINED MONTEGGIA LESION AND ELBOW DISLOCATION}, abstract ={This case is a 19-year-old soldier who suffered a combined elbow dislocation and posterior Monteggia fracture and dislocation (type II). The ulna fracture was managed by ORIF. The elbow dislocation was managed by closed reduction and immobilization in 900 flexion. The posteriorly dislocated radial head was kept reduced by a transarticular pin. After 6 months elbow and forearm motion was restricted and X-ray revealed heterotopic ossification around the radial head. In further follow up there was no improvement in his range of motion. Treatment of these combined elbow injuries remains challenging.}, Keywords = {Elbow dislocation, Monteggia lesion}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {119-121}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-764-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-764-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {SHAMSADINI, S and DABIRI, S}, title = {ZOSTERIFORM METASTASES IN A MAN WITH MALIGNANT MELANOMA}, abstract ={Zosteriform metastasis is a rare clinical distribution from spreading neoplasms of every organ to the skin. Tumors most often arise from a n internal o r hematologic malignancy. W e report a 69-year-old man, a known case of malignant melanoma of the left heel. In this case, multiple red-brown metastatic nodules appeared four months after diagnosis. Distribution of metastatic lesions resembled a zosteriform configuration on his left thigh dermatome. Histological findings of a cut section of an excised nodule were compatible with a diagnosis of metastatic malignant melanoma. As we know this case report is the first case of zosteriform distribution of metastatic malignant melanoma that has been reported.}, Keywords = {Zosteriform metastases, Malignancy, Malignant melanoma.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {115-117}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-763-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-763-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {RAHMANI, MARYAM and SHABANI, MOHAMMAD ALI}, title = {MACRODYSTROPHIA LIPOMATOSA: CT AND M R FINDINGS}, abstract ={Macrodystrophia lipomatosa is a rare congenital form of localized gigantism characterized by an increase in all mesenchymal elements, particularly fibroadipose tissue. MR imaging can be used to examine the soft tissue and detect the fibrous and fatty hypertrophy that characterizes this condition and also diagnose an associated fibrolipomatous hamartoma of the median or plantar nerve. We describe the clinical and radiological findings (including CT scan, MRI and bone scan) and also progression of this rare entity during a 10 year period.}, Keywords = {Macrodystrophia lipomatosa (MDL), Fibrolipomatous hamartoma (FLH). Magnetic resonance imaging, Computed tomography }, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {111-114}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-762-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-762-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {SHARIFI, D and ABEDI, GR and SASSANI, F and SAVADKOUHI, D and BAKHTIARI, J and NOWROUZIAN, I}, title = {CLINICAL EVALUATION OF BONE CEMENT AND AUTOGENOUS BONE GRAFT IN DOGS}, abstract ={Various biological bone g rafts have been used for osteogenes i s , osteoconduction and even osteoinduction, but due to systemic influences and local factors, the outcome of successful incorporation of a bone graft has not been satisfactory. This study was therefore conducted on 15 clinically healthy adult dogs between 1 to 3 years of age weighing 20 to 30 kg to evaluate the effect of bone cement and autogenous bone grafts. A piece of 3 cm complete mid-shaft right tibial cortical bone was removed in all animals. Then they were subsequently divided into three groups of 5 animals each. In group I the bone was fixed with a suitable intramedullary pin, whereas the gap was filled with harvested autogenous rib bone graft in group II animals. Bone cement was used to fill the gap in animals of group III for the first 30 days, then it was replaced with iliac bone chips and observation was made accordingly for 60 days in all animals of the three groups. After 60 days, before collection of callus samples, there was granulation and fibrocartilage tissue in groups I and II respectively, whereas a thick fibrous capsule or pseudomembrane layer was seen around bone cement on day 30 before removal of cement and on day 60 after replacement by iliac bone graft in group III animals. There were combinations of heavily impacted fibrous a n d fibrocartilagineous tissues with thick bundles of collagen fibers among hypertrophic chondroblasts in histomorphological cross section in group I animals, whereas active sequestra were present in group II animals. Fibrotic capsule, periosteal layer, lacunae, osteoblasts, osteocytes and well formed bone marrow with RBC and adipose tissue were noted in group III animals. It appears that the local reaction induced by bone cement leading to fibrotic capsule formation was quite helpful in delaying iliac bone graft resorption and enhancing osteogenic stimulation as to fill the gap with impacted callus with normal cortical structure. The application of bone cement in gap non:::union:::, crushed bone and fragmental fractures is therefore highly recommended.}, Keywords = {Bone Cement, Autogenous Bone, Graft, Dog.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {107-110}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-761-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-761-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {BIGDELY, MOHAMMAD REZA and HAJIZADEH, SOHRAB and SHAHRAZ, SAEED}, title = {PULMONARY VASCULAR MUSCLE PROLIFERATION AS A RESULT OF PROTEIN AND mRNA-eNOS ALTERATIONS IN A RAT MODEL OF CHF}, abstract ={Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) produces nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine and is important for the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Congestive heart failure (CHF) generally results in increased pulmonary blood flow and if untreated leads to pulmonary hypertension and end stage heart failure. We therefore hypothesized that increased pulmonary flow without changes in pressure would result in hypertrophy of the media (middle layer of vascular wall). NO produced by the lung is regulated by systemic blood flow and in turn adjusts smooth muscle proliferation via altered expression of eNOS. To study this hypothesis, we created an artificial aortocaval shunt in order to increase pulmonary flow for 7 weeks. The shunt resulted in a significant thickening of the media. eNOS Western and Northern blot analysis demonstrated no significant alterations of eNOS protein and mRNA levels in the large-shunted group but in the small shunted one in comparison with sham. We suggested that NO in low concentrations (about > 10µM) caused weak hypertrophy of the media in the small-shunted group and in high concentrations (about> 50µM) caused S-nitrosylation of eNOS protein and deamination of eNOS mRNA and the regulatory genes in the nucleus thus the media of the vascular wall was significantly thickened in the large-shunted group. In higher concentrations, NO induces apoptosis and decreased cell viability.}, Keywords = {Nitric oxide, Shunting, Congestive heart failure (CHF), eNOS.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {101-105}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-760-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-760-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {TORABI-NEZHAD, S and AZARIAN, A}, title = {DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN BENIGN, REACTIVE AND MALIGNANT CELLS IN SEROSAL BODY FLUIDS BY AgNOR STAINING}, abstract ={Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were determined in 94 pleural, pericardial and peritoneal effusions. The results were correlated with cytologic diagnosis to determine the diagnostic potential of this technique. Cytologically the number of normal, reactive and malignant effusions were 32, 28 and 34 respectively. The mean AgNOR counts for normal, reactive and malignant specimens were 1.365,2.328 and 4.747 respectively. The cut-off points between normal-reactive and reactive-malignant specimens were 1.84 and 3.53 respectively. All of the malignant specimens (100%) had AgNOR counts above 3.53. Neither reactive nor normal specimens had AgNOR counts above 3.53. 82.1 % of reactive specimens had AgNOR counts above 1.84 and 87.5% of normal specimens had AgNOR counts below this point. There was a statistically significant difference between the AgNOR counts in normal, reactive and malignant effusions (p<0.001). We conclude that the AgNOR method is a specific diagnostic tool for serosal cavity effusions, especially when malignancy is suspected.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {95-100}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-759-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-759-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {MOHAMMADI, E and FAGIZADEH, S and ABASAHL, A}, title = {SURVIVAL EXPECTANCY IN PATIEN T S WITH COLORECTAL CANCER UNDERGOING STANDARD TREATMENT METHODS}, abstract ={Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. It's survival expectancy depends on the time of diagnosis, stage and grade of the tumor, and general condition of the patient. Survival expectancy of this type of cancer reveals the quality of diagnostic and therapeutic services in the community. To improve and standardize the treatment modalities in this field, much research has been conducted worldwide. In this study, patients with a confirmed diagnosis of colorectal tumors (CRT) who were under treatment or referred to the Oncology Department of Imam Khomeini Medical, Educational and Research Complex within the years 1987-1991, were selected. This study showed that the 5 year survival rate of these patients was maximally 21 %.}, Keywords = {Survival Expectancy, Colorectal Tumor, Therapeutic Methods.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {89-93}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-758-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-758-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {ALAVI, MH and DERAKHSHAN, DJ and DADGAR, SR}, title = {COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERINATAL OUTCOME OF GROWTH RESTRICTED FETUSES IN HYPERTENSIVE MOTHERS VERSUS OTHER CA USATIVE FA CTORS}, abstract ={From July 1998 to November 1999 we have followed up 15712 deliveries (12044 vaginal and 3668 cesarean section) in our hospital. Among these, 182 cases were primarily diagnosed as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and 248 pregnancies were complicated with hypertensive disorders. In these two groups we have investigated the outcome of the neonates. Neonatal weight under the 10th percentile in these two groups was 1.63% and 36.3% and perinatal mortality was 4.4% and 6.1 % respectively (p<0.05), due to the much higher incidence of IUGR and greater perinatal mortality in hypertensive pregnant women as compared with the general obstetric population. We conclude that it is valuable to manage close observation in all cases of pregnancy induced or aggravated hypertension.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {85-88}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-757-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-757-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {ZOLGHADRI, J and ALBORZI, S and ARDEKANY, MS}, title = {THE VALUE OF DIPSTICK ANALYSIS OF URINARY PROTEIN IN PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION}, abstract ={In order to determine the value of dipstick analysis of urinary protein in pregnancy induced hypertension, a prospective study analyzing pregnant patients with a diagnosis of hypertensive disorder was conducted to compare the result of urinary protein dipstick analysis with 24hr. urine protein collection in obstetrical clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All patients fulfilling the criteria of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' definitions for establishing a diagnosis of hypertensive disorder on the basis of urinary dipstick measurements were included in the study. During the study, 102 hypertensive pregnant patients aged from 16-42 years were included in the study. Obtained results showed that the presence of negative value on urinary dipstick with a sensitivity of 100% is a useful method for ruling out significant proteinuria (> 300 mg/24hr). But values of >2+ are not adequate to confirm a diagnosis of severe hypertensive disorder because its positive predictive value is only 22% and values of > trace-although highly suggestive of significant proteinuria (positive predictive value: 78%)-have a false positive rate of 23% a timed collection of urine for determination of 24-hr protein excretion becomes mandatory in such cases. The urinary dipstick determination of protein excretion therefore has significant limitations for determination of the presence or severity of proteinuria.}, Keywords = {Hypertensive disorder, Dipstick urine protein.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {79-83}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-756-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-756-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {VAKILI, R}, title = {CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA IN NORTH•EAST OF IRAN: A REVIEW OF 47 PATIENTS AND THE ROLE OF PARENTAL CONSANGUINITY IN THE OCCURRENCE OF DISEASE}, abstract ={In this study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of congenital adrenal hyperplasia were evaluated prospectively in 47 patients admitted in Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad during a 4 year period. 21-hydroxylase deficiency was present in 42 patients (89.3%), the simple virilizing form in 6 and the salt-losing form in 36 of them. 11b hydroxylase deficiency was present in 5 patients (10.7%). The median chronological age at diagnosis in the salt-losing form was 68 and 47 days in boys and girls respectively. 7 girls were considered to be male before the diagnosis was established. Parental consanguinity rate among families of patients was higher than the general population in Mashhad (82% vs. 35%). In 16.2% of patients the history of disease was positive in siblings. This study showed that the incidence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia is expected to be high due to a high rate of consanguinity in our population, hence genetic counseling before marriage would definitely be beneficial in our population.}, Keywords = {Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Iran, Parental consanguinity.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {75-78}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-755-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-755-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {ATTARI, A and SARTIP-POUR, M and AMINI, M and BASHARDOOST, N}, title = {COMPARISON OF MEMORY QUOTIENT STATE BETWEEN NIDDM PATIENTS WITH GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND NONDIABETICS}, abstract ={Effect of In order to test the memory state in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) after glycemic control, one-hundred patients referring to Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center were simply randomized. They were compared in point of memory state with one hundred cases as the control group. The Wechsler Memory Scale test was utilized to evaluate the memory status of both groups. The average duration of diabetes was 6 years and the lower limit was 2 years. The mean of memory scores was 72.6 in the diabetic group and 96.4 in the control group (p<0.05). The mean value of fasting blood sugar in diabetic patients after glycemic control was 121 mg/dL and was 97mg/ dL in the control group (p<O.05). No significant difference was found between hypertensive and normotensive diabetic patients. Also, Index (BMI) and HbAlc with memory in diabetic patients. However, significant association between serum cholesterol level and memory scale (p<0.05). The mean memory score in the diabetic group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. In this study, cemia in NIDDM patients did not prevent or ameliorate memory disturbances. NIDDM on Memory Status}, Keywords = {NIDDM, Memory, Diabetes.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {71-74}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-754-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-754-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {ZIAEI, S and RAJAEI, L and FAGHIHZADEH, S and LAMYIAN, M}, title = {EVALUATION OF SIDE EFFECTS OF LOW DOSE CONTRACEPTIV E PILLS ADMINISTERED BY THE VAGINAL ROUTE}, abstract ={Oral contraceptive pills have several side effects especially on the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Absorption of low dose (LD) pills by the vaginal route avoids the first pass of the steroids through these tracts and probably has fewer side effects. This study was a cohort study for evaluation of side effects and acceptability of LD pills administered by the vaginal route. In a clinical trial study, undesirable side effects such as nausea, dysmenorrhea, breast tenderness gastrointestinal disorders, vertigo, headache, and breakthrough bleeding (BTB) were studied. The side effects, efficacy and acceptability were evaluated in 220 women using contraceptive pills containing 150mg levonorgestrel and 30mg ethinyl estradiol via the vaginal route in 660 cycles. The side effects among the patients who used the contraceptive pills vaginally were nausea in four subjects (1.8%), vertigo and headache in two subjects (0.9%), breast tenderness in four subjects (1.8%), dysmenorrhea in four subjects (1.8%), gastrointestinal disorders in one subject (0.5%), and BTB (breakthrough bleeding) in twelve subjects (5.5%). Most subjects in this study expressed a high level of acceptability with the vaginal route. There was only one unwanted pregnancy that occurred when the subject used the contraceptive pill incorrectly. Using contraceptive pills administered by the vaginal route appears to be a safe method with few side effects and high acceptability.}, Keywords = {LD pill, Side effect, Acceptability, Vaginal route.}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {67-70}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-753-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-753-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {MOHAMMADI, M and ASHRAFI, MR and SHABANIAN, R}, title = {AUDITORY BRAINSTEM RESPONSES (ABR) IN HYPERBILIRUBINEMIC NEWBORNS}, abstract ={To evaluate the changes of ABR values in hyperbilirubinemic newborns, 85 cases with severe jaundice (total bilirubin levels over 16 mg/dL and direct bilirubin less than 2 mg/dL) were selected from those admitted to Children's Medical Center by simple sampling method. These infants had no other problem except jaundice. ABR was taken before treatment in all cases and in some (10 cases) after exchange transfusion or phototherapy as treatment modalities. 41 neonates (48%) had abnormal ABR values, such as increased hearing threshold, prolonged latencies of waves I, III & V (p- value<0.05), prolonged interpeak latencies of I-V ; III-V (p-value<0.05), absence of waves and abnormal wave morphology. These findings could be indicative of both peripheral (8th nerve) and brainstem disturbances. After treatment ABRs showed improvement in some aspects, such as latencies of waves I, III & V (p value<0.05), but not in interpeak latencies (I-III, III -V & I-V) and hearing thresholds. In accordance with previous studies, there was no association between serum total bilirubin concentration and ABR test results. This could be interpreted as low significance of serum total bilirubin as a criterion for early prediction of bilirubin induced encephalopathy.}, Keywords = {ABR, Hyperbilirubinemic newborn, Total serum bilirubin}, volume = {16}, Number = {2}, pages = {63-66}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-752-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-752-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {AYATOLLAHI, SMT and MOHAMMADI, M and JAFARY, P and KHADEMI, A}, title = {STATISTICS IN INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNALS OF IRAN}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {59-61}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-779-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-779-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {BASIRIJAHROMI, S and KHAKSAR, A and IRAVANI, K}, title = {PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS OF THE SINUSES AND CHEST BY CLADOSPORIUM BANTIANUM}, abstract ={Fungal sinus infections are being recognized with increasing frequency. We report a case with rhino cerebral and chest phaeohyphomycosis infection caused by Cladosporium bantianum in an 18 year old man with Wegener's granulomatosis. The diagnosis was established by histopathological appearance, direct examination, culture and computerized tomography (CT) scan. This case was successfully treated by a combination of surgery and amphotericin B.The present that is of paranasal sinus mycosis due to Cladosporium bantianum is the first that is reported in Iran.}, Keywords = {Fungal infection, Paranasal sinus infection, Cladosporium bantianum, Phaeohyphomycosis.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {55-58}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-778-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-778-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {DASTGHEIB, L and PEYRAVI, P and ASLANI, FS}, title = {AUTOERYTHROCYTE SENSITIZATION SYNDROME: REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE}, abstract ={Autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome CABS) is a rare purpuric disorder of women characterized by inflammatory and painful ecchymotic lesions unrelated to blood clotting or vascular abnormalities. Gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria, headache or syncopal attacks may also be observed. Our patient is a 33-year-old woman presenting with recurrent severe painful ecchymotic lesions on both lower extremities associated with headache, palpitation and weakness. The diagnosis of AES was confirmed by skin testing with autologous washed red blood cells. No internal bleeding was detected. She was treated with vitamin C with some success.}, Keywords = {AES, Gardner-Diamond Syndrome, Painful Bruising Syndrome, Psychogenic Purpura}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {51-53}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-777-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-777-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {MASOUMI, M and SOLGY, G}, title = {PSEUDOANEURYSM OF RIGHT VENTRICLE DUE TO LOCALIZED TUBERCULOSIS OF MYOCARDIUM: A CASE REPORT}, abstract ={A 5-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with chest pain, fever and dyspnea. Physical examination showed normal heart sounds, diminished pulmonary sounds in the left hemithorax and a normal ECG. On chest X-ray the heart was slightly enlarged with moderate left pleural effusion. CT scan revealed pleural effusion and a hypodense mass at the apex of the heart. A cystic mass was detected by echocardiography as well. The patient was operated as a case of hydatid cyst of the right ventricle. Intraoperatively a pseudoaneurysm of the right ventricle was found. The mass centrally consisted of clots and necrotic tissue and peripherally was composed of fibrosis and calcification. All of these tissues were removed and the communication between the aneurysm and right ventricle was repaired. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by culture and microscopic examination. The patient underwent anti-TB treatment for 6 months and remained symptom-free after 4 years. It is believed that local expansion of tuberculous adenitis near the pericardium has caused a TB abscess, which in turn affected the myocardium and destroyed it.}, Keywords = {Tuberculosis, Pseudoaneurysm, Heart surgery.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-49}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-776-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-776-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {KAMALISARVESTANI, E and GHADERI, A and GHARESI-FARD, B}, title = {PRODUCTIO N OF PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA) BY A BREAST CANCER CELL LINE, SK-Br-3}, abstract ={PSA is a 33-KDa serine protease that is produced predominantly by prostate epithelium. However, it has been shown that about 30-40% of female breast tumors produce PSA and its production is associated with the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors. We have now developed a new tissue culture system to study PSA production in breast cancer and its association with prognostic factors such as progesterone receptor and c-erbB-2. For this purpose we investigated the ability of PSA production in five different cell lines, including two breast cancer cell lines, SK-Br-3 and MDA-MB-453. The PSA in tissue culture supernatant and cytoplasm of the Sk-Br-3 cell line was detected by western blotting and immunoperoxidase, respectively. Furthermore, we found lower expression of c-erbB-2 in Sk-Br-3 than non-PSA producer breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB- 453. Progesterone receptor was expressed by both PSA-positive and -negative cell lines and only the intensity of staining and the number of positive cells in SkBr- 3 population was higher than MDA-MB-453. According to our findings PSA can be considered as a good prognostic factor in breast cancer and we suggest that these two cell lines are a good in vitro model to study the relationship of different breast cancer prognostic factors and their regulations. Keywords: PSA, c-erbB-2, Progesterone receptor, Breast cancer, SK-Br-3.}, Keywords = {PSA, c-erbB-2, Progesterone receptor, Breast cancer, SK-Br-3.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-46}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-775-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-775-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {NAYERIKAMAN, GD and MOTIOLLAH, F}, title = {PHENYTOIN AND THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM}, abstract ={In order to evaluate the effects of phenytoin on the reproductive system of rats in detail, 60 male rats were divided equally into 6 groups: 1-5 received 10 mg/kg/day phenytoin IP for 1,2,3,4 and 5 weeks, respectively. However, group 5 did not receive any phenytoin for the last 5th week. The control group (group 6) did not receive any treatment. The results revealed that phenytoin does not have any effect on body weight, weight of testes, seminal vesicle and prostate, serum testosterone and sperm count taken from left and right vas deferenses. However, the percentage of total motile sperm and sperm with full and sluggish motility decreased and the percentage of low motile sperm increased in all experimental groups. Nevertheless, phenytoin caused atrophy and hypoplasia in seminiferous tubules and not Leydig cells. These pathological changes were dose-dependent and more pronounced in the left testis. But phenytoin caused more changes in sperm count and motility of the right testis. This phenomenon was discussed i n relation t o the existence of asymmetrical control b y the hypothalamus, and compensation of the left testis. In summary, it could be concluded that phenytoin affected the seminiferous tubules directly and decreased the total number of motile sperm. It was also discussed that these effects are not reversible after termination of injection.}, Keywords = {Phenytoin, testosterone, spenn count and motility, genital system.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {35-40}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-774-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-774-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {VAHHABAGHAI, H and PASALAR, P and NAJAFI, I and KADKHODAEE, M}, title = {SERUM CYSTATIN C AS A NEW MARKER OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR)}, abstract ={Cystatin C is a 13 KD basic protein that is a member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors. The cystatin C gene seems to be a house keeping gene, which is compatible with a stable production rate of cystatin C by most cells. This protein is freely filtered through the glomerulus and almost completely reabsorbed and catabolized by proximal tubular cells. Because of these characteristics cystatin C is assumed to be a better marker of glomerular filtration rate than other markers. 115 new cases of renal disease aged between 14 and 88 years and 121 healthy subjects, aged between 11 and 78 years were studied. In all of the subjects serum cystatin C and creatinine were determined and creatinine clearance was determined only in patients. Cystatin C was determined by a particle-enhanced turbidimetric assay and creatinine was measured by Jaffe's method. In addition, to assess the diagnostic efficiency of serum cystatin C in comparison to that of serum creatinine and creatinine clearance in predicting changes in GFR, we performed Tc99m - DTPA clearance on 53 subjects including controls and patients. A linear relationship was found between Tc99m - DTPA clearance and 11 serum cystatin C (r= 0.712, p-value <0.001), l/serum creatinine (r= 0.709, pvalue< 0.001) and creatinine clearance (r= 0.777, p- value <0.001). Diagnostic accuracy in the identification of reduced GFR measured as area under the receiver-operating characteristic plot was 0.878±0.050 (Mean±SE) for cystatin C, 0.866±0.051 for creatinine and 0.866±0.051 for creatinine clearance. The serum cystatin C reference values (mean±1.96 SD) determined was 0.83 - 0.88 mg/L. A cutoff cystatin C concentration of 0.82 mg/L had 92% sensitivity and 79% specificity for detecting abnormal GFR. There was no significant correlation between cystatin C and age (p- value <0.219) and weight (p- value <0.193). This study demonstrates that serum cystatin C has an increased diagnostic accuracy for reduced GFR when compared with serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. Hence, cystatin C seems to be an alternative for the estimation of GFR.}, Keywords = {Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), Cystatin C, Creatinine, Renal diseases.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {29-33}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-773-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-773-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {AJAMI, GR and BORZOEE, M and SADEGHI, E}, title = {PARENTAL KNOWLEDGE OF BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS PROPHYLAXIS: A REPORT FROM SOUTHERN IRAN}, abstract ={We determined the knowledge of parents of 200 pediatric patients for bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis (BEP ), using an eight question survey pertaining to their knowledge of their child's cardiac disease, medications, and BEP. The patient's cardiac lesion and current medications were verified at the time of admission for diagnostic or interventional cardiac catheterization. Each patient's need for BEP was determined according to American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations. Eighty-one respondents (40-5%) were high school graduates. Only 12 parents (6%) correctly defmed endocarditis. One-hundred and fifty-eight parents (77%) knew the name or condition of their child's cardiac problem, one-hundred (50%) of the families had knowledge of BEP, and only 46 parents (23%) knew that antibiotics are needed for prophylaxis at the time of dental procedures. It is concluded that while most parents know the name of their child's heart lesion and current medications, their knowledge of endocarditis and BEP is limited, and for prevention of such a major complication for pediatric patients with heart diseases, intensified education and awareness programs are needed.}, Keywords = {Endocarditis, Prophylaxis, Parental knowledge, Southern Iran}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {25-28}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1642-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1642-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {FATTAHI, E and RAHNEMA, B and GANDCHILAR, N}, title = {PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS IN TABRIZ, IRAN}, abstract ={Seroepidemiologic studies in developing countries show a high rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections in children, in contrast to developed countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori in children and teenagers in Tabriz, northwest of Iran. In this prospective study 44 children and teenagers were randomly selected to study serum IgG against H. pylori using ELISA method. Our results indicated the presence of IgG in 83.5% of test subjects (83.7% in females and 83.4% in males). In the 2-5 years age group 71.7% were IgG positive and this percentage increased by age, i.e., 95.2% recorded as IgG positive in the 14-18 years age group (p<O.05). Considering the risk factors in relation to H. pylori infection, an increasing number of family members (above 3 persons) showed a statistically significant difference (p}, Keywords = {H. pylori, Seroepidemiology, Children, Teenager.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-23}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-772-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-772-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {MOHAMMADI, E and ABEDI, HA and GOFRANIPOUR, F and JALALI, F and KAZEMNEJAD, A}, title = {A SURVEY OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACT ORS IN BABOLIAN RURAL HYPERTENSIVES}, abstract ={High blood pressure control (HBPC) is a common goal of WHO and the world hypertension league (WHL). The two important strategies in HBPC are identifying cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors and planning to modify controllable factors. This study was accomplished to determine the CVD risk factors in high blood pressure (HBP) patients of the rural population, residing in the Babol region, north of Iran, in the year 2000. This study was a cross-sectional research. 150 hypertensive patients were selected by cluster random sampling method. The data were collected with two questionnaires (demographic characters and behavioral habits questionnaire and Eschpel Burger's anxiety record) and laboratory tests. The data analysis has indicated that the rate of most risk factors such as cholesterol leve1, body mass index, anxiety score and other factors is highly elevated. The results demonstrated that the rates of CVD risk factors were higher in Iranian hypertensive patients compared to other countries. Probably, because of this, the maximum rate of achievement of high blood pressure control was only 18.4%}, Keywords = {Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Hypertension}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {13-17}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-771-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-771-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {GHAEMIAN, A and HOSEINI, A and KOSARIAN, M}, title = {LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC ABNORMALITIES IN β-THALASSEMIA MAJOR WITH NORMAL SYSTOLIC FUNCTION}, abstract ={In order to identify left ventricular diastolic function in patients with betathalassemia major and normal systolic function by noninvasive M-mode and Doppler echocardiography, an analytic study was designed in a university hospital in Sari. We have studied 44 patients (23 men and 21 women), mean age 15.48±2.16 (range 12 to 20) and 43 age and sex matched control subjects. Peak flow velocity in early diastole increased in patients compared with controls (98±14vs. 86±13 cm/sec p<0.0001), rate of deceleration of flow velocity was also increased (778±142vs. 592±193 cm/sec2 and 2.24±0.51 vs. 1.73±0.36, respectively p<0.0001). Peak flow velocity during atrial contraction was not significantly different in patients and normal control subjects. Doppler diastolic indices had no correlation with age, serum ferritin levels and cumulative blood transfused in thalassemic patients. We concluded that left ventricular diastolic flow indices identified noninvasively by Doppler echocardiography in patients with thalassemia major are altered in an early phase, when systolic function is normal.}, Keywords = {Thalassemia, Echocardiography,L eft ventricular function.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {9-12}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-770-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-770-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {HAGHIGHAT, M and HASHEMI, G and HASHEMI, L}, title = {HENOCH-SCHONLEIN PURPURA IN CHILDREN: OUR EXPERIENCE WITH 165 CASES FROM SOUTHERN IRAN}, abstract ={During a 6 year period from September 1992 to September 1998, 165 children with a final diagnosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) were managed and followed in our center. There were 87 (52%) boys and 78 (48%) girls, with age ranges of 1-16 years and mean age of 7.8 years. Forty-one percent of the patients had evidence of preceding upper respiratory tract infection (URI). The main clinical features were: skin eruption in 100%, OI symptoms in 79.5%,joint problems in 59.5% and renal involvement in 26.5% of cases. Thrombocytosis in 31 % and increased ESR in 55% of cases were the main significant laboratory findings. Abdominal sonography was done in 58 cases with GI symptoms, and was abnormal in 28 cases (48%): free peritoneal fluid in 26%, thickened bowel wall in 14%, ileus in 5% and intussusception in 3%. Sixty percent of the patients received prednisolone for OI problems or renal involvement. Nine percent of the cases had relapse and there was no death. It was concluded that: a) There is no significant sex difference in children with HSP in this area. b) The age of children with HSP in this area is the same as those in eastern countries, but relatively higher than that reported in western countries. c) Abdominal sonography can be a helpful means of diagnosis in patients with OI manifestations of HSP before skin eruption. d) The morbidity and mortality of HSP is very low if the disease is diagnosed in its early stages and managed properly.}, Keywords = {Henoch-Schonlein purpura, Children, Ultrasonography, Mortality and Morbidity.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-8}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-769-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-769-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} } @article{ author = {TABEI, SZ and HOSSEINZADEH, M}, title = {ACCURACY OF INTRAOPERATIVE FROZEN SECTION DIAGNOSIS AND TOUCH IMPRINT CYTOLOGY: STUDY ON 1000 CONSECUTIVE CASES}, abstract ={Frozen section and touch imprint cytology are important diagnostic procedures for surgeons during operation and must be accurate if the patient is to receive maximum benefit. To assess the accuracy of intraoperative pathologic consultation including frozen section and touch imprint cytology during a five year period (1995- 2000), a retrospective survey of 1000 consecutive cases of frozen sections performed by the staff pathologists of Shiraz Medical School and 211 touch imprint cytology cases related to some of these sections were studied focusing on accuracy. Also some 462 cases of frozen sections related to the 1000 samples were reviewed by the staff pathologists without complete clinical data and without any data from the surgeon to determine the importance of the surgeon pathologist relationship. The gold standard method for comparing the results of frozen section and cytology was permanent tissue diagnosis. The overall accuracy of frozen section for the 1000 cases was 93.6%. The accuracy of cytology was 93.1 %. Also the accuracy of 462 frozen sections which were reviewed without clinical data was 85%. In conclusion, frozen section diagnosis is a highly accurate method. Touch imprint cytology is also a specific method and can be used in areas where facilities of frozen section studies are not available. The frozen section method achieves its highest accuracy when there is cooperation between the surgeon and pathologist and when used in combination with touch imprint cytology.}, Keywords = {Frozen section, Intraoperative consultation, Accuracy.}, volume = {16}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-4}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-768-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-768-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2002} }