@article{ author = {Jafari, Davod and Taheri, Hamid and Shariatzade, Hooman and NajdMazhar, Farid and Jalili, Alireza and Ghahramani, Mohamad H}, title = {Bilateral combined Monteggia and Galeazzi fractures: a case report}, abstract ={ We present an exceedingly rare case of left Monteggia-Galeazzi fracture-dislocation and right Monteggiadistal radius fracture occurring simultaneously in a 20-year old male patient who had fallen 13 meters from a building. The combination of Monteggia and Galeazzi fracture-dislocation in the same forearm is very rare and, to the best of our knowledge, simultaneous bilateral Monteggia and Galeazzi or distal radius fracture in the same patient, have never been reported.}, Keywords = {Forearm fracture-dislocation, Galeazzi, Monteggia.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-44}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-483-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-483-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Khoshnevisan, Alirez}, title = {An overview of therapeutic approaches to brain tumor stem cells}, abstract ={ Primary and secondary malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors are devastating invasive tumors able to give rise to many kinds of differentiated tumor cells. Glioblastoma multiform (GBM), is the most malignant brain tumor, in which its growth and persistence depend on cancer stem cells with enhanced DNA damage repair program that also induces recurrence and resists current chemo- and radiotherapies. Unlike non-tumor stem cells, tumor stem cells lack the normal mechanisms that regulate proliferation and differentiation, resulting in uncontrolled production and incomplete differentiation of tumor cells. In current paper recent developments and new researches in the field of brain tumor stem cells have been reviewed.}, Keywords = {Brain tumor, Stem cells, Glioma.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-40}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-482-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-482-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Fayazi, Maryam and NoorizadehDehkordi, Shohreh and Dadgoo, Mehdi and Salehi, Masou}, title = {Test-retest reliability of Motricity Index strength assessments for lower extremity in post stroke hemiparesis}, abstract ={  Background: The Motricity Index was used to measure strength in upper and lower extremities after stroke. The weighted score based on the ordinal 6 point scale of Medical Research Council was used to measure maximal isometric muscle strength. There is dearth of articles dealing with the reliability of this method. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the test retest reliability of Motricity Index strength assessments for paretic lower limb in 20 chronic stroke patients with one week interval. Methods: In a cross sectional study, intrarater reliability of lower extremity Motricity Index strength assessments with one week interval were measured. Result: The SPSS 18 was used for analysis of data. Two-way random-consistency model of ICC was used for assessment of test-retest reliability. The ICC values showed high reliability of strength measurement of Motricity Index (ICC=0.93). Conclusion: The Motricity Index can be a reliable instrument for measuring the strength of involved lower extremity when assessment is done by one rater following chronic stroke.}, Keywords = {Reliability, Motricity Index, Hemiparesis, Chronic stroke.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {27-30}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-481-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-481-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Atefi, Najmosadat and Majedi, Mehrdad and Peyghambari, Shadi and Ghourchian, Shadi}, title = {Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting blood glucose in patients with Lichen Planus}, abstract ={ Background: The relationship between Lichen Planus (LP) and diabetes was studied previously, but the re-sults were in conflict. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with LP among Iranian patients. Methods: In this study, 80 patients with LP were enrolled. They referred to dermatology clinic of our hospital during one year. A self-designed checklist for the study included duration of the disease, the pattern of the dis-tribution of lichenoid lesions and fasting blood sugar (FBS). Results: From 80 patients with LP, 16 (20%) had diabetes. Also, 14 patients (17.5%) had impaired fasting glucose. The mean age of diabetic patients was significantly higher than non-diabetic group (p=0.039). In addi-tion, the duration of LP in patients with DM was significantly higher than non-diabetic patients (p=0.024). Conclusion: In our study, we saw a high prevalence of DM among patients with LP. Comparing our findings with the overall prevalence of DM in Iran, there was a significant difference between the prevalence of DM among patients with LP and the overall prevalence (p=0.001). Regarding our findings screening for FBS in pa-tients with LP is required in Iran.}, Keywords = {Lichen Planus, Diabetes mellitus, Impaired fasting glucose.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {22-26}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-460-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-460-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {ZareMirzaie, Ali and Abolhasani, Maryam and Ahmadinejad, Bina and Panahi, Mahshi}, title = {Platelet count and MPV, routinely measured but ignored parameters used in conjunction with the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome: single study center in Iranian population, 2010}, abstract ={ Background: Myocardial infarction is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. Platelet count and the mean platelet volume (MPV), a simple and reliable indicator of platelet size which correlates with platelet activation, might associate with troponin in acute chest pain. Methods: We analyzed MPV of 851 patients who were admitted to Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital with acute chest pain during the year 2010. Two blood samples were taken from each patient within 4 hours of their arrival for routine hematology, including platelet count and MPV, and cardiac troponin T. Also, electrocardiograms of the patients were recorded. Association of MPV and platelet count with troponin was observed. Results: The patients in troponin positive group, who had also ischemic electrocardiographic changes, had higher MPV values than non- acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with normal cardiac troponin T levels (9.9 vs 9.5 fl with p< 0.001). In troponin negative group, the mean of platelet count was higher than that in the positive group (221683 vs 198814/μl with p< 0.001). Conclusion: MPV and platelet count are inexpensive laboratory tests which can be measured in association with other laboratory biomarkers in patients presenting with acute chest pain. This could help to lower hospitalization rates and also avoid misdiagnosis and having complications of patients with ACS.}, Keywords = {MPV, Troponin, Platelet count, Chest pain.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {17-21}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-479-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-479-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Rahbar, Mahtab and Mardanpur, Kaykhosro and Tavafzadeh, Rami}, title = {Imprint cytology: a simple, cost effectiveness analysis for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori, in west of Iran}, abstract ={ Background: This study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV) and agreement between two methods of the stained gastric imprint cytology smears and stained gastric specimen biopsy mucosal methods for detection of H. pylori. Methods: Air-dried imprint smears of gastric biopsies from 330 patients were stained by the Grunwald- Giemsa method in the endoscopy suite and examined for H. pylori, providing results within minutes. The grade of H pylori infection was documented. The same biopsy was processed and stained with H;E and Grunwald- Giemsa stains, and reviewed by two different pathologists blind to the imprint cytology results. Results: Ninety-four of the 238 patients were male with a mean age of 46 (±16.4) years. Based on histology, the H. pylori prevalence was very high at 77.87% and according to cytology H.Pylori prevalence was high at 75.45% in this region our country. The sensitivity and specificity of imprint cytology in the detection of H. pylori were 96.88% and 90.12%, respectively. The PPV and NPV were 96.88% and 90.12%, respectively. The agreement between two diagnostic methods was 95.26% which confirms reliability of imprint cytology method for ion of H.pylori detection. Conclusion: Gastric imprint smears stained with Grunwald-Giemsa method is a rapid and cost effective method in addition to histology for detecting H. pylori in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy. It does not require any additional biopsy.}, Keywords = {Imprint cytology, H. pylori, Diagnosis, Endoscopy, Iran.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {12-16}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-478-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-478-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Ghafouri, Ali and Salehi, Omran Abbas and Keshavarz, Seyed Ali and Hosseini, Saeed and Shojaifard, Abolfazl and Khorgami, Zhamak}, title = {Evaluation of supporting role of early enteral feeding via tube jejunostomy following resection of upper gastrointestinal tract}, abstract ={ Background: Today, early diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract malignancies and their surgical resection is becoming more feasible. One of the important side effects in upper GI tract malignancies is malnutrition which has direct relationship with postoperative complications. Nonetheless, there is no easy regimen of nutrition for these patients especially for the first week after operation. Accordingly we present a simple method for improving feeding such patients via tube jejunostomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early enteral feeding (EEF) on postoperative course after complete resection of upper gastrointestinal tract malignancy and reconstruction. Methods: Between September 2005 to September 2008, 60 consecutive patients (22 female, 38 male) with upper GI tract malignancies who had undergone complete resection and reconstruction enrolled in this study. The patients randomly divided equally in two groups of control and EEF. Control group was treated with traditional management of nil by mouth and intravenous fluids for the first five postoperative days and then with liquids and enteral regular diet when tolerated. In EEF group the patients were fed by tube jejunostomy from 1st postoperative day and assessed for nutritional status before surgery and 5 days after surgery. Both groups were monitored on the basis of weight gain, clinical and paraclinical parameters and postoperative complications. Results: Sixty patients were randomly divided to two equal groups. Surgical procedures were similar in two groups and no significant difference in demographic and basic nutritional status were found. On 5th postoperative day serum albumin was 4.2±0.4 g/dl in EEF and 3.6±0.3 g/dl in control group (p= 0.041). Also serum transferrin was 260.8±2.5 mg/dl and 208±1.8 mg/dl in EEF and control group respectively (p<0.001). Moreover, hospital stay was shorter in EEF group (7.7±3.1 vs. 14±2.5 days, p=0.009).There were four (13.3%) anasatomotic leakages in control group and one (3.3%) in EEF group (p=0.353). Also there was six (20%) wound infection in control group and three (10%) in EEF group (p=0.472). Conclusion: The EEF by tube jejunostomy can be an effective method of feeding patients in postoperative days of resection of GI malignancies. Postoperative hospital stay would be shorter and the level of laboratory parameters especially serum transferrin is higher in EEF in comparison with control group. It also may reduce postoperative complications such as wound infection and enterocutaneous fistula.}, Keywords = {Nutrition, Postoperative Complications, Enteral feeding, Tube jejunostomy.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {7-11}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-477-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-477-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {JalayerNaderi, Noushin and ShariatTarabghan, Shams and Merati, Mohsen and Ashouri, Mahdi and Majidi, Ali and KharaziFard, Mohammad Jav}, title = {Mast cells density in fibrotic capsule of enchondroma and well-differentiated chondrosarcoma: a method for histopathologic differentiation}, abstract ={ Background: An enchondroma is a benign and a well-differentiated chondrosarcoma is an invasive chondroid tumor with high recurrence potential. In spite of biologic differences, these two tumors have very similar histopathologic appearance. It has been shown that the biologic nature of the connective tissue around benign and malignant tumors varies in the number of mast cells. The aim of this study was to study the histopathologic distinction of enchondroma and well-differentiated chondrosarcoma using the density of the mast cells in fibrotic capsule. Methods: Twelve enchondroma and 15 well-differentiated chondrosarcoma were collected from Pathology department of Cancer Institute and Central Pathology department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. 3 micron paraffin embedded tissue sections were stained by toluidine blue for mast cells counting. Mast cells were counted in fibrous capsule of all cases. Mast cells counts were accomplished in 10 high power fields .The average number of mast cells in 10HPF was determined as an index for each lesion. Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Mean index in enchondroma and well-differentiated chondrosarcoma groups were 0.1±0.12 and 0.31±0.33 respectively, showing a significant difference between number of mast cells in the fibrotic capsule in these two lesions (p=0.028). Comparison of the corresponding points in ROC curve, showed a cut-off point = 0.15, with positive predictive value of 61%, negative predictive value 71%, specificity of 33.3% and sensitivity of 66.7%, (p=0.025). Conclusion: Average density of the mast cells in the surrounding fibrotic capsules of enchondroma and well-differentiated chondrosarcoma along with other criterions, could be a beneficial factor for histologically differentiation between these two lesions.}, Keywords = {Enchondroma, Well-differentiated Chondrosarcoma, Mast cell, Toluidine blue staining.}, volume = {26}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-476-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-476-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Ghafouri, Ali and Anbara, Taha and Foroutankia, Raheleh}, title = {A rare case report of appendix and cecum in the sac of left inguinal hernia (left Amyand’s hernia)}, abstract ={ This case is a rare aspect of left inguinal hernia. The patient was a 60-years old man with left scrotal mass since childhood. In the operating room, the hernia sac was opened which included cecum and appendix that is called left Amyand`s hernia. The patient underwent herniorrhaphy with Lichtenstein repair. }, Keywords = {Appendix, Amyand’s hernia}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {94-95}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-504-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-504-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Izadi, Farzad and Hamkar, Rasool and Ghanbari, Hadi and Abdolmotallebi, Fereshteh and Jahandideh, Hesam}, title = {The role of Human papilloma virus (HPV) genotyping in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in Rasoul Akram Hospital}, abstract ={ Background: The most common laryngeal mass in children is recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).  Studies have attempted to correlate viral typing and its aggressiveness. Method: 29 patients with histologically confirmed RRP enrolled in adjuvant therapies. Patients underwent several surgical interventions. Results: HPV genotyping demonstrated 45% HPV-6 and 55% HPV-11. The mean age at the first surgical intervention was 52.39 months (SD=102.28) (range from 4 months to 426 months). The mean number of surgical intervention was 10.39 (SD=7.76) (range from 2 to 30). The mean time of surgical intervals was 4.63 months (SD=4.02) (range from 2 to 24 months). In fourteen patients (48%) tracheotomy was done. All patients who had tracheotomy received alpha-interferon. One of our cases was a male who had pulmonary extension with HPV-6. Conclusion: A review of patients with RRP was regarding to HPV genotyping and need for adjuvant therapy and tracheostomy. Mean number of surgical procedure was 10/40 and nearly fourteen patients (48%) need to tracheotomy. The clinical differences between HPV6 and HPV11 disease may not be accurately predictable. Patients with less age and with HPV-11 seemed to have more severe problems, but these differences were not statistically significant which needs much more investigations for reasonable starting point of evaluation for these differences. }, Keywords = {Respiratory tract diseases, Papillomatosis, Laryngeal neoplasms, Human papillomavirus, Human papillomavirus.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {90-93}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-503-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-503-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Sadegh, Ali and FaridiTazeh-kand, Nasrin and Eslami, Bit}, title = {Intrathecal fentanyl for prevention of shivering in spinal anesthesia in cesarean section}, abstract ={ Background: Shivering is one of the common problems in spinal anesthesia. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of intrathecal fentanyl (25 μg) on incidence and severity of intraoperative and postoperative shivering. Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled study was conducted in eighty healthy women (ASA Physical status I) scheduled for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Subjects were randomly divided into two equal groups. The patients received 12.5 mg (2.5ml) of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine combined with 25 μg (0.5 ml) fentanyl in Group F as a study group and 12.5 mg (2.5ml) of 0.5 % hyperbaric bupivacaine combined with 0.5 ml normal saline in Group S as a control group. Incidence of shivering during 30 and 60 minutes of surgery and recovery and complications were evaluated. Results: The total incidence of shivering in Group F was significantly lower than Group S (10% in group F 75% in group S, p< 0.0001). Almost all patients started shivering in the first hour after spinal anesthesia and the rate of shivering especially in second 30 minutes was higher than first 30 minutes in both groups. None in Group F but 22 patients (55%) in Group S had shivering during recovery and all of them reported shivering at the first 30 minute at recovery. The severity of shivering in Group F was significantly lower than Group S (p <0.0001). Conclusion: Intrathecal bupivacaine combined with fentanyl is associated with a lower incidence and severity of shivering. }, Keywords = {Shivering; Fentanyl; Spinal anesthesia; Cesarean section.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {85-89}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-502-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-502-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Onyiriuka, Alphonsus N. and Peter, Olasimbo O. and Onyiriuka, Louis C. and Awaebe, Patience O. and Onyiriuka, Fidelis U.}, title = {Point-of-admission hypoglycaemia among under-five Nigerian children with plasmodium falciparum malaria: prevalence and risk factors}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Hypoglycaemia is a well recognized complication of falciparum malaria in children but its diagnosis may be overlooked because all the clinical features may be mimicked by severe malaria. To determine the prevalence of hypoglycaemia at the point of hospital admission of under-fives with falciparum malaria and identify its risk factors in patients seen in a Nigerian secondary-health-care institution. Methods: During a 12-month period and at the point of hospital admission, venous blood sample was collected into an appropriate sample bottle (fluoride-oxalate bottle) from 502 children who were below 5 years of age with positive falciparum malaria parasitaemia. The blood sample was analysed using the glucose-oxidase method. The duration of illness, degree of parasitaemia and time of last meal were noted for each child. Results: Ninety two (18.3%) out of 502 children below five years old with falciparum malaria had hypoglycaemia ( blood glucose below 2.6 mmol/L or 50 mg/dl) at the point of hospital admission. Twenty three percent (78 out of 339) of children below 36 months old were hypoglycaemic compared to 8.6% (14 out of 163) children aged 36 months and above (p=0.01). Prevalence of hypoglycaemia was higher in girls (20.7%) than boys (16.3%) [Odd ratio, OR = 0.75 (95% Confidence Interval, CI = 0.48-1.18)]. Forty (13.1%) out of 305 children whose time of last meal was 12 hours and below had hypoglycaemia compared to 52(26.4%) out of 197 whose time of last meal was greater than 12 hours (p=0.02). Hypoglycaemia at admission point was associated with a significant increase in mortality rate (p=0.00). The duration of illness and the degree of parasitaemia did not have significant difference with the prevalence of hypoglycaemia. Conclusion: In falciparum malaria, a greater interval (between 2 meals) than 12 hours in children below 36 months old predisposed them to hypoglycaemia. Routine monitoring of blood glucose at the admission point is suggested in malaria endemic region. }, Keywords = {Hypoglycaemia, prevalence, under-fives, risk factors.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {78-84}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-501-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-501-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Zare-Mirzaie, Ali and Balvayeh, Payam and Imamhadi, Mohammad Ali and Lotfi, Maryam}, title = {The frequency of latent prostate carcinoma in autopsies of over 50 years old males, the Iranian experience}, abstract ={ Background: Latent adenocarcinoma of prostate refers to cases who present no obvious sign or symptom during their life spans and the tumor is incidentally found at postmortem examination. Its frequency can be very important in epidemiologic investigations, prevention and treatment. No previous study has been done in this regard in Iran and the studies performed in other countries show various results. The aim of present study is to determine the frequency of latent prostate carcinoma by studying the corpora of men above 50 years old referred to forensic medicine organization in Tehran in 2008 and 2009. Methods: In this study, 149 men aged above 50 who had died of different reasons and undergone autopsy were examined. Their prostates were excised and the slides were studied for the presence of adenocarcioma and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). In each case, age, weight of prostate, location of lesion, and grading according to Gleason's system were determined and the results were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16). Results: Out of 149 cases, 34(22.8%) had low grade PIN, 26(17.4%) high grade PIN, and 14(9.4%) invasive adenocarcinoma. Most of the tumors were located in posterior lobe of prostate and they were more frequent in older cases (>65 years of age) and heavier prostates (p value <0.05). All invasive adenocarciomas were accompanied by PIN. Conclusion: Worldwide studies show lower prevalence of latent carcinoma of prostate in Asian men than white European ones. Considering the absence of such studies in Iran, a larger study to compare and find out the precise rate of this kind of carcinoma, is recommended. }, Keywords = {Prostate, Cancer, Autopsy, Prevalence, Iran.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {73-77}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-500-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-500-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Mehrpour, Masoud and Khuzan, Mahbubeh and Najimi, Neda and Motamed, Mohamad R. and Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohamm}, title = {Serum uric acid level in acute stroke patients}, abstract ={ Background: The role of uric acid as a risk factor for vascular disease and acute stroke is controversial and there is little information about it. In this study, we determined serum uric acid levels in patients with acute stroke and assessed its relationship with cerebrovascular risk factors. Methods: In this cross sectional study, we assessed patients with acute stroke who were admitted in Firoozgar Hospital from September 2010 to March 2011. Clinical records of patients and their serum uric acid level was investigated. Finally, collected data were analyzed using SPSS software Ver.16. Results: Fifty five patients with acute stroke were evaluated who 25 of these patients (45.5%) were female and 30 of them (54.5%) were male. The mean age of patients was 67±14 years. Mean serum uric acid levels in the patients studied 5.94±1.70 mg/dl, and about half of the patients (47.3%) were hyperuricemic. There was a significant negative correlation between age of patients and their serum uric acid level (p=0.04, R =-0.27). Uric acid level was significantly higher in men than women (p=0.03). Hyperuricemia was associated with increased amounts of triglycerides and Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (p=0.03, p=0.02). In patients with acute stroke, there was no significant association between serum uric acid level and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, history of ischemic heart disease, smoking, prescription rTPA, and type of stroke. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with acute stroke, and its accompanying increase in triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, it can be considered as a risk factor for acute stroke.}, Keywords = {Uric acid, Acute stroke, Triglyceride.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {66-72}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-499-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-499-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Ghalehbaghi, Babak and Mohammadi, Navid and Asghari, Alimohamad and Ahmadvand, Alireza and Moradi, Yasaman and Kamrava, Kamran and Motiei, Mir Abolfazl}, title = {Evaluation of Iranian pediatric specialists’ attitude and knowledge regarding approach to patients with acute otitis media}, abstract ={ Background: The ministry of health and medical education of Iran and many other countries advice physicians to use this guideline for diagnosis and treatment of acute otitis media (AOM), but there is not any evaluation of effectiveness and obedience of this guideline, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude of pediatricians, the most important group that interfere with these patients in treatment of acute otitis media. Methods: A total of 120 anonymous surveys were mailed to 120 pediatrician in Tehran (Iran) to evaluate pattern of diagnosis and treatment of AOM in these physicians. Age, gender, place of work, attitude of diagnosis and treatment were asked by anonymous survey. Results: Sixty-two completed surveys were received, for a response rate of 51%. There was no significant difference between responders in these survey and scenarios, according to sex, age, practice setting, graduation year or the number of AOM patients visiting each month. Conclusion: Our study seems to add new insights to the previous literature on management of AOM according to guideline. We can assess the impact of guidelines on the usual practice of practitioners in evidencedbased management of AOM.}, Keywords = {Acute otitis media, Pediatrician, Attitude, Knowledge.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {58-65}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-498-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-498-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {MazloomyMahmoodabad, Seyed Saeed and Nadrian, Haidar and Nahangi, Hossei}, title = {Critical thinking ability and its associated factors among preclinical students in Yazd Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences (Iran)}, abstract ={ Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Iranian medical and dental students in thinking critically and to assess their ability in using definite components of critical thinking (CT). Methods: Multistage cluster sampling was utilized to recruit 125 preclinical (1st, 2nd and 3rd year of study) students in Yazd Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd, Iran. The Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) was applied to collect data. The statistical analysis of the data included One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-test and bivariate correlations. Results: The mean total score for this sample was 45.33±5.4. Significant differences were found in total critical thinking score by gender (p= 0.022), residency (p= 0.026) and the year of education (p= 0.01). A significant correlation was found between the total CT score and the student’s number of passed credits (r= 0.297, p= 0.003). Also, a significant difference was found in the students’ scores on the WGCTA evaluation subtest by passing any research method courses (p= 0.04). Conclusion: The CT ability in medical and dental students in the present study was weak overall. Medical educators and clinical instructors should try to develop the ability of CT by teaching methods and techniques like purposeful planning and problem-based teaching to promote the components of CT in their students. The improving of CT in medical students has implications for medical education and promotion of medical profession.}, Keywords = {Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal, Higher education, Medical and dental students.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {50-57}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-497-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-497-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Yazdanparast, Seyed Amir and MahdaviNezarati, Seyedeh Shahrzad and Heshmati, Fariba and Hamzehlou, Sepideh}, title = {Comparison of cell wall proteins in putative Candida albicans & Candida dubliniensis by using modified staining method & SDSPAGE}, abstract ={ Background: Candida species are among the most common causes of opportunistic fungal diseases. Among Candida species, Candida albicans is responsible for most infections. Having many strains, C. albicans is very polymorph. C. dubliniensis is very similar to albicans species both morphologically and physiologically. For an infection to occur, cell wall proteins play an important role as they enable yeast to adhere to host cells and begin pathogenesis. Therefore, we decided to extract these proteins and examine them through common molecular methods of protein analysis including SDS-PAGE. Methods: Initially cell wall proteins of two C. albicans strains (CBS 562 and PTCC6027) and one C. dubliniensis strain (CBS7987) were extracted by using a solution of beta-mercaptoethanol and ammonium carbonate. After dialysis against Tris-HCL buffer, SDS gel electrophoresis was performed on the proteins extract. Bands were then visualized by using three different staining methods among which one method provided improved detection. Results: By using Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining method, proteins with molecular weight of 42, 66.2 and 200 kDa were detected. By using Silver staining method, proteins with molecular weight of 21.5, 28.5 and 37 kDa were detected. However, using combined Coomassie Brilliant Blue & Sliver staining method visualized more bands resulting in improved detection. Conclusion: To answer many existing questions about fungal diseases, fungi cell wall proteins are necessary to be examined. To commence such examinations, a simple step may be an SDS-PAGE performance on as many strains as possible. A combined staining method can enhance bands detection.}, Keywords = {Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, Protein extraction, SDS-PAGE.}, volume = {26}, Number = {2}, pages = {45-49}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-496-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-496-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {PoorsattarBejehMir, Karim and PoorsattarBejehMir, Arash}, title = {Non-infectious approach to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in neonates: a new concept}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Non-infectious, neonates.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {147-149}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1307-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1307-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HosseinPourfeizi, Hojjat and GanjpourSales, Jafar and Elmi, Asghar and Tabrizi, Ali}, title = {Osteoid osteoma of a scapula: a case report in a 34 years old woman}, abstract ={ Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor and accounts for 10% of benign tumors. Almost any bones can be involved but half of cases involving femur or tibia. Osteoid osteoma is a rare tumor of the scapula with only 18 reported cases in the literature. We presented a case of osteoid osteoma of the scapula in right shoulder in angle of coracoid and geloneid in a 34- year old woman. She had right radicular shoulder pain increased at night for 4 years. An important point about this case is that, patient was treated in long-term with miss diagnosis of cervicospinal discopathy. The key of diagnosis in this patient was paying attention to the nature of night increasing pain and performing bone scan. After the operative curettage of the tumor, the pain dramatically stopped and a few weeks of physical therapy led to full range of motion in her shoulder. }, Keywords = {Osteoid osteoma, Scapula, Shoulder.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {143-146}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1059-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1059-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Shoib, Sheikh and Malik, Javid A. and Bashir, Haamid and Arif, Tasleem}, title = {A case report on bronchoalveolar carcinoma presenting as non-resolving consolidation}, abstract ={ Abstract Bronchoalveolar carcinoma presenting as non-resolving consolidation is an uncommon presentation. The typical presentation of bronchoalveolar carcinoma is asymptomatic (solitary nodule) and remains without symptoms even as disease disseminates. We report a case of bronchoalveolar carcinoma presenting as non-resolving consolidation in a young male with productive cough, exertional breathlessness and physical examination revealing the features of right lower consolidation on x-ray chest, with subsequent CT of the chest and bronchoscopic examination revealed bronchoalveolar carcinoma. Patient had good score and was managed conservatively. }, Keywords = {Bronchoalveolar carcinoma, Solitary nodule, Non-resolving consolidation.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {140-142}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1058-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1058-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Davood and Taheri, Hamid and Shariatzade, Hooman and NajdMazhar, Farid and Jalili, Alireza and Ghahramani, Moham}, title = {Radiographic indices in one hundred fifty normal Iranian wrists}, abstract ={ Abstract Background: Radiography is the most widely available imaging modality. Precise evaluations of wrist x-ray can help diagnosis and evaluate the prognosis of many wrist disorders. Methods: We measured length, angles and indices in 150 posteroanterior and lateral wrist x-rays to determine normal dimensions and variations according to age and sex. All x-rays were made with standard exposure, with the wrist and forearm in a neutral position. Results: The average carpal height ratio was 0.52±0.03 with the Youm method and 1.5±0.09 with the Nattrass method. Mean ulnar variance was +0.99±1.6 mm and mean radial inclination was 25±4 degrees. The average radial tilt was 10±5.1 degrees. Mean scapholunate angle was 50±8.4 degrees (normal range 40 -60). Conclusion: Carpal height, third metacarpal and capitate length were smaller in women than in men. There was a significant positive relationship between all dimensions. Our data base may be used to follow-up in conditions such as carpal instability, osteoarthritis and osteonecrosis, as well as for clinical research. }, Keywords = {Wrist measurements, Wrist radiography, Wrist indices.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {132-139}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1057-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1057-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Akbari, Mohammad and Mousavikhatir, Roghayeh}, title = {Changes in the muscle strength and functional performance of healthy women with aging}, abstract ={ Background: Lower limbs antigravity muscles weakness and decreased functional ability have significant role in falling. The aim of this study was to find the effects of aging on muscle strength and functional ability, determining the range of decreasing strength and functional ability and relationship between them in healthy women. Methods: Across-section study was performed on 101 healthy women aged 21-80 years. The participants were divided into six age groups. The maximum isometric strength of four muscle groups was measured using a hand-held dynamometer bilaterally. The functional ability was measured with functional reach (FR), timed get up and go (TGUG), single leg stance (SLS), and stairs walking (SW) tests. Results: Muscle strength changes were not significant between 21-40 years of age, but decreased significantly thereafter. Also, there was a significant relationship between muscle strength and functional ability in age groups. Conclusion: Both muscle strength and functional ability is reduced as a result of aging, but the decrease in functional ability can be detected earlier. }, Keywords = {Aging, Dynamometer, Functional performance, Muscle strength.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {125-131}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1056-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1056-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Jameie, Seyed Behnamedin and Shams-Hosseini, Narges Sadat and Janzadeh, Atousa and Sharifi, Mohammad and Kerdari, Mahdie}, title = {Health related quality of life and pain characteristics among Iranian patients suffering non-malignant chronic pain}, abstract ={ Background: Chronic pain is a frequent disability that negatively affects patient’s quality of life. Understanding of the possible relation between sociodemographic and medical variables with Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) may help identifying the multidimensionality of pain and risk factors that limit physical and psychological adjustment of the patients. The present study was done to find these possible relationships, based on using Medical Outcomes Survey-Short Form (SF-36). Methods: Among the patients who were referred to pain clinic of Iranian Pain Society, 101 consecutive outpatients were select based on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the participants in this study orally satisfied and were fully informed by a check list and SF-36 questionnaire. The possible impact of demographic variables, characteristics, diagnosis, analgesic use, smoking and opium addiction were collected as the first part of a routine pretreatment evaluation. Results: Our findings showed significant relation between HRQL and gender (P<0.05), the rate of chronic pain in female was higher than male, and same results found for elderly patients compared to younger ones. Our findings also showed significant relation between employment and intensity of pain (p=0.001) as, employed patients showed less physical and psychotic problems than unemployed ones. The mean average of intensity of pain in these patients was 7.5±2.2 few patients used alcohol (4%), opium (1%) and cigarette (10%). Large number of participants used analgesic (%78.2). No significant difference between sociodemographic features with pain duration and quality of life was found. In contrast our data showed significant difference between pain intensity and quality of life (p<0.001). Conclusion: Based on our findings it could be concluded that chronic pain in Iranian patients certainly leads to poor HRQL, the state is more serious in the elderly and female patients. Thus, in order to re-socialize the patients suffering chronic pain and decrease the impact of their pain on their life, these findings should be considered in any kind of pain relief therapy. }, Keywords = {Chronic pain, Health-related Quality of Life, SF-36 questionnaire.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {118-124}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1055-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1055-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Yazdi, Hamidreza and RamezanShirazi, Mehdi and MomenShouli, Omid and Yazdi, Farzad and Moslem, Alirez}, title = {Effect of three different sanitizing solutions on the contaminated bone: an experimental study in the rabbit}, abstract ={ Background: To determine the efficacy of three different antiseptic solutions (Control group (I), Antibiotic solution – Neomycin and polymyxin (II), Chlorhexidine 0.4% (III), and povidone – iodine 10% (IV)) in disinfecting contaminated bone fragments. Methods: Under sterile conditions, the femora of 12 rabbits were removed and cut into six millimeter pieces. A total of 200 bone specimens were obtained. All 200 specimens were dropped on the operating room floor for fifteen seconds and assigned to one of four experimental groups. Group I samples were cultured after immersion in normal saline solution (Control group). In other three groups, prior to culture the samples, they were washed with normal saline for ninety seconds and placed in an antibiotic solution (Neomycin & Polymyxin) (group II), Chlorhexidine 0.4% (group III), and povidone-iodine 10% (group IV) respectively. Results: In group I, 22 of 50 specimens had positive cultures. Of 50 specimens of group II and IV, positive cultures were found in 3 and 2 grafts respectively after 10 days whereas no positive cultures were detected in any samples of group III. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine 0.4% seems to be the best antiseptic solution for discontaminating the contaminated bone samples although it did not have any significant difference with povidone-iodine and other antibiotic solution. }, Keywords = {Sanitizing solutions, Contaminated bone.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {114-117}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1054-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1054-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Mollahoseini, Reza and Khajoo, Ashkan and Sharifian, Zeynab and Motiei, Mir Abolfazl}, title = {Comparison of long terms follow up results in patients with cervical disk disease treated with anterior PEEK cage implantation and without it in Rasoul Akram Hospital}, abstract ={ Background: Anterior interbody fusion of the cervical spine have become the gold standard for treating spinal diseases, hence the aim of this study was to compare long term follow up results in patients with cervical disk disease treated with anterior PEEK cage implantation and without it in anterior approach. Methods: Retrospectively 63 patients with known cervical discogenic disorders who went under surgery with and without cage implantation were enrolled. The neurological examination and neurologic function were assessed by using the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scoring system and neurological cervical spine scale (NCSS) before and 8 years after surgery in each patient and at the end all complications were recorded. Results: In the first group, there were 15 males and 14 females (mean age: 49±10 years) and in the second group there were 27 male and 7 female (mean age: 47±9 years). The NCSS score was significantly different between two groups after surgery (p=0.035) but there was no significant difference before surgery (p=0.163). No statistical significance difference was also observed in JOA score and complications before and after procedure, but JOA post surgery score between two groups had significant difference (p=0.047) . Conclusion: In conclusion, present study showed that PEEK cage implantation is a highly useful alternative to the conventional treatment methods. }, Keywords = {Anterior cervical fusion, PEEK cage, Cervical disk diseases, Long term follow up.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {110-113}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1053-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1053-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Nasiri, Shirzad and Soroush, Ahmadreza and Hashemi, Amir Pejman and Hedayat, Anushiravan and Donboli, Kianoush and Mehrkhani, Farh}, title = {Parathyroid adenoma Localization}, abstract ={ Background: Bilateral neck exploration is the gold standard for parathyroid adenoma localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. But surgeons do not have adequate experience for accurate surgical exploration and new methods are developed for surgery like unilateral exploration and minimally invasive surgery, thus, preoperative localization could reduces time and stress in surgical performance. Method: 80 patients with documented primary hyperparathyroidism and with raised serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were selected. The results of ultrasonographic localization for each patient were compared with findings of surgery and 99m technetium sestamibi scintigraphy. Also variables such as preoperative serum calcium, PTH level and adenoma weight were compared between patients who had localized and nonlocalized adenoma with ultrasonography or Sestamibi scan. The data was compared with student’s t-test. Results: In a prospective diagnostic tests’ accuracy, 80 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were enrolled. Ultrasonography images detected enlarged parathyroid glands in 61 of 80 patients (76.3%) with sensitivity of 83.5% and positive predictive value (PPV) of 89.7%. Sestamibi scintigraphy detected adenoma in 63 patients (78.8%) with sensitivity of 85% and PPV of 91.3%. There was no significant deference between ultrasonography and scintigraphy in localization of adenomas. Both ultrasonography and scintigraphy used for determining localization, and they located 73 adenomas (91.3%) with sensitivity of 97.3% and PPV of 93.5%. Conclusion: Ultrasonography as an accurate method for localization of enlarged parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism, is comparable in overall utility with sestamibi scintigraphy. This study suggests a strategy for initial testing with one method, followed by the alternate imaging test if the first test happen to be negative. }, Keywords = {Primary hyperparathyroidism, Scintigraphy, Ultrasonography, Localization.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {103-109}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1052-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1052-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {NodehiMoghadam, Afsun and MoghadamSalimee, Maryam}, title = {A comparative study on scapular static position between femaleswith and without generalized joint hyper mobility}, abstract ={ Background: Generalized joint hyper mobility predisposes some individuals to a wide variety of musculoskeletal complaints. Given the critical role of scapular position in function of shoulder, the aim of this study was to compare scapular position between persons with and without general joint hyper mobility. Methods: By nonprobability sampling 30 hyper mobile persons at average of 22.86 ±2.77 years of age and 30 non hyper mobile persons (age 23.6 ± 2.73years) through a case-control design participated in the study. Scapular position was assessed according to the lateral scapular slide test. Independent t test and repeated measures ANOVA were used to statistically analyze scapular position differences between groups.  Results: Compared to non hyper mobile persons, those with General joint hyper mobility demonstrated a significantly higher superior scapula slide in dependent arm position (p=0.03). However, no significant difference was found between another scores between two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that altered scapular position may be an important aspect of General joint hyper mobility. }, Keywords = {General joint hyper mobility, Static scapular position, Scapular kinematic.}, volume = {26}, Number = {3}, pages = {97-102}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-527-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-527-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Faramarzi, Abolhass}, title = {Aadenoidectomy efficacy on the extrusion of tympanostomy tube}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Aadenoidectomy, Extrusion, Tympanostomy tube}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {192-193}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1685-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1685-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Jalili, Alireza and NajdMazhar, Farid and Ghahramani, Mohamad H and Bahrabad, Mehr}, title = {Axillary artery injury with proximal humerus epiphyseal separation: a rare case report}, abstract ={ Fracture of the proximal humerus associated with vascular injury has rarely been reported in children, and only two cases have been reported in the literature. In adults this combination has been reported more frequently. We present the case of a 14 year old boy with proximal humeral epiphyseal separation and axillary artery injury. }, Keywords = {Axillary artery injury, Epiphyseal separation.}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {189-191}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1684-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1684-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Aminimoghaddam, Soheila and Ebrahimi, Atefeh-Sadat and Hashemi, Forough}, title = {A rare ovarian tumor, leydig stromal cell tumor, presenting with virilization: a case report}, abstract ={ Leydig stromal cell tumor is a rare ovarian tumor that belongs to the group of sex-cord stromal tumors. They produce testosterone leading to hyperandrogenism. We present a 41yr old woman with symptoms of virilization and a mass of right adenex via ultra Sonography, and a rise of total and free serum testosterone. An ovarian source of androgen was suspected and a surgery performed. A diagnosis of leydig-stromal cell tumor was confirmed. Our report is a reminder that although idiopathic hirsutism and other benign androgen excess disorder like Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOs) are common, ovarian mass should be considered in differential diagnosis. }, Keywords = {Leydig stromal cell tumor, Androgen secreting neoplasm , Virilizing ovarian tumors, Sex cordstromal cell tumor.}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {185-188}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1683-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1683-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Razavi, Seyed Hossein and RazaviRatki, Seid Kazem and MolaviNojomi, Marzieh and Namiranian, Nasim}, title = {Depression and general anxiety in the prisoner of war’s children: a cross sectional study}, abstract ={Background: The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and general anxiety of the prisoners of war (POW) children. The study was also designed to compare the prevalence of depression and general anxiety amongst the POW’s children and normal adults, 20 years after the Iraq-Iran war.Method: An analytic cross-sectional study carried out in June 2009 in Yazd (the centre of Yazd province in Iran). The target and sampled population were the children of the Iranian POW who lived in Yazd .One hundred and twenty six POW’s children, who were born before 1990 (date of father's freedom) were assessed. The duration of father’s captivation was between 29-119 months. Ninety-five subjects accepted to participate. General anxiety and major depression were assessed by Persian version of Hamilton Scale for anxiety and Beck depression Inventory. This study was a combination of the psychological interview and questionnaire. Ninety five of normal adult group were also paired matched and assessed. Result: Among 126 POW’s children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, the responsive rate was 75.3 % (95 participants).The mean age of participants was 28.3 (SD: 5.34).The father’s captivation duration were 29-119 months (mean: 79.2, SD: 21.6). The prevalence of depression and general anxiety amongst the POW’s children were 48.4% and 79%. The prevalence of depression and general anxiety among the paired group were 21.1% and 63.2%.The differences between two groups were significant (p =0.000). Conclusion: In this study we have demonstrated the prevalence of major depression and general anxiety in POW’s children and a normal adult sample. The differences of major depression and general anxiety among the two groups were significant. }, Keywords = {Prisoner of war, Depression, General anxiety, Iraq-Iran war.}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {179-184}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1682-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1682-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Bashir, Haamid and HayatBhat, Mohmmad and Farooq, Rabia and Majid, Sabhiya and Shoib, Sheikh and Hamid, Rabia and Mattoo, Arshed Ahmad and Rashid, Tabassum and Bhat, Arif Akbar and Wani, Hilal Ahmad and Masood, Akbar}, title = {Comparison of hematological parameters in untreated and treated subclinical hypothyroidism and primary hypothyroidism patients}, abstract ={ Backgrounds: Thyroid hormones play an important physiological role in human metabolism. Erythrocyte abnormalities are frequently associated with thyroid disorder. However, they are rarely investigated and related to the subclinical and primary hypothyroidism in Kashmiri Patients. In this study an attempt was made to study hematological parameters in untreated and treated subclinical hypothyroidism and primary hypothyroidism patients. Methods: This retrospective study included 600 subjects, among which were untreated subclinical hypothyroid (n=110), treated subclinical hypothyroid (n=110), untreated primary hypothyroid (n=100), treated primary hypothyroid (n=100) and euthyroid (n=180). This study was carried out at Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College Srinagar. The hematological parameters and thyroid profile of the subjects were assessed by the Sysmex (Italy) and ECLIA (Germany) 2010 automatic analyzer. Mean, standard deviation (SD), analysis of variance (Two-way ANOVA), and multiple comparisons were used to report our results, with p<0.05 or p<0.01 considered as statistically significant. Results: In this study group we compared the hematological parameters in these groups, untreated subclinical hypothyroid, treated subclinical hypothyroid, untreated primary hypothyroid, treated primary hypothyroid and euthyroid. We found that hematological parameters like Hb, RBC, MCV, HCT, RDW,RBC% were significantly increased in untreated subclinical hypothyroidism and untreated primary hypothyroidsm, with the p value being less than 0.05 whereas, in treated SCH & Pr. Hypothyroid, results were insignificant. The results reported in these groups as mean±SD, were statistically tested by ANOVA and multiple comparison tests. In untreated subclinical hypothyroid the values were: Hb (10.83±1.33 g/dl ), RBC (4.21±0.66 106/μl), MCV (84.56±6.84 fL), HCT (38.5±2.2 %), RDW (17.91±2.37 fL), RBC% (84.36±13.2 %) and in untreated primary hypothyroid, Hb (10.73±0.86 g/dl), RBC (4.63±0.51 106/μl), MCV (83.34±6.92 fL), HCT (38.6±2.6%), RDW (14.93±5.47 fL), RBC% (92.63±10.30%) suggesting that these patients were at risk of anemia and other erythrocyte abnormalities. MCV is an inexpensive approach to study the types of anemia and explore related information like production, destruction, loss and morphological changes of RBC'S. Conclusion: The thyroid dysfunction is frequently associated with anemia in subclinical hypothyroidism and primary hypothyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with serious complications. Substantial numbers of patients with the risk of SCH could be getting converted into primary hypothyroidism. Such conditions should be identified and corrected. On the other hand, their presence could move to a thyroid dysfunction, allowing its early management. }, Keywords = {Subclinical hypothyroidism, Primary hypothyroidism, Blood count, Hemoglobin, Red cell distribution, Mean corpuscular volume.}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {172-178}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1681-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1681-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Yazdi, Hamidreza and RamezanShirazi, Mehdi and Shafiee, Gholamreza and Shahcheraghi, Fereshteh}, title = {Contaminated osteochondral plugs: effect of different sterilizing solutions: an experimental study in the rabbit}, abstract ={ Background: To determine the efficacy of different antiseptic solutions (Control group (I), Antibiotic solution (II), Chlorhexidine 0.4% (III), and povidone – iodine 10% (IV)) in sterilizing contaminated osteochondral plugs. Methods: Under sterile conditions, the femoral head and condyles of 20 rabbits were removed and cut into equal osteochondral pieces. A total of 200 osteochondral specimens were obtained. All 200 specimens were dropped on the operating room floor for fifteen seconds and assigned to one of four experimental groups. Group I samples were cultured after washing with normal saline solution (Control group). In other three groups, prior to culturing process, samples were placed in an antibiotic solution after washing with normal saline (Neomycin & Polymyxin) (group II), Chlorhexidine 0.4% (group III), and povidone – iodine 10% (group IV), respectively. Results: In group I, 25 of 50 specimens had positive cultures. Of 50 specimens of group II, III and IV, no positive cultures were found after 10 days. Conclusion: all three agents including antibiotic solution, povidone-iodine 10% and chlorhexidine 0.4% seem effective in sterilizing the contaminated osteochondral samples. According to the literature, povidone-iodine has no negative effect on the cartilage metabolism and seems to be a proper choice of decontaminating solution for osteochondral plugs.To the best of the authors' knowledge, such a study on the contaminated osteochondral specimen has not been previously reported in the literature. }, Keywords = {Sterilizing, Contaminated, Osteochondral.}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {167-171}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1680-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1680-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Pakaneh, Mohammad Ali and Pazouki, Abdolreza and Tamannaie, Zeinab and Hakimian, Mohammad and Zohrei, Hamid Reza and Chaichian, Shahl}, title = {Results of post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy duplex scan without deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis prior to surgery}, abstract ={ Backgrounds: There are controversies among surgeons about prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was the assessment of patients’ condition after laparoscopic cholecystectomy without any prophylactic measure. Methods: 100 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy without DVT prophylaxis were followed by duplex scanning in the first postoperative day and by physical examination and patient history at the first to second postoperative week however no clinical sign was found for DVT. Results: Only one case of partially thrombosis (1%) was found by duplex scanning which was managed conservatively. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy may consider as a low-risk procedure and routine prophylaxis may not be justified in the absence of other risk factor. }, Keywords = {Deep vein thrombosis, Laparoscopy, Cholecystectomy, Duplex scan.}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {164-166}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1679-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1679-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Majdinasab, Fatemeh and Karkheiran, Siamak and Moradi, Negin and Shahidi, Gholm Ali and Salehi, Masou}, title = {Relation between Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and disease severity in Iranian patients with Parkinson’s disease}, abstract ={ Background: One third of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have mentioned “dysphonia” as their most debilitating communication deficit. Patient-based measurements, such as Voice Handicap Index (VHI) add necessary supplementary information to clinical and physiological assessment. There are a few studies about relation between VHI and disease severity in PD, although none of them showed any significant correlation. The goal of this study was to find correlation between these variables in Iranian PD patients. Method: This cross-sectional, analytical and non-interventional study was done on 23 PD patients who reported a voice disorder related to their disease. They were selected from attendants of movement disorders clinic of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital. The relationship between disease severity (according to Hoehn and Yahr/H;Y and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale-part3 /UPDRS-III) and VHI questionnaire (and its 3 domains) was investigated based on patients’ sex, UPDRS-III score H;Y and VHI. Results: Total VHI and its 3 domains had no relationship with disease severity (H;Y) in all patients and by sex separation. However, there was a positive correlation between VHI and disease severity (UPDRS-III) (r=0.485). There was also a relation between physical and functional domains of VHI and UPDRS (rP=0.530, rF=0.479) while no relationship observed regarding sex differences. 9 out of 18 UPDRS-III items had strong relationship with VHI (total and 3subscales). Conclusion: Iranian PD patients feel handicap according to voice disorder caused by PD. Patient satisfaction of voice decreases with the disease severity and progression. A larger sample size is necessary to find relationship in genders. VHI is an important issue could be offered to be used in PD beside other assessments. }, Keywords = {Parkinson’s disease, Disease severity, Voice, VHI, Quality of life.}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {157-163}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1678-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1678-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {SalehiDehno, Nasrin and NoorizadehDehkordi, Shohreh and Dadgoo, Mehdi and Salehi, Masou}, title = {Association between spasticity and the level of motor function with quality of life in community dwelling Iranian young adults with spastic cerebral palsy}, abstract ={ Background: Consequences of cerebral palsy in adulthood can affect physical, psychological capabilities and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of life with spasticity and level of motor function in Iranian young adults with spastic cerebral palsy who were community dweller. Methods: In an analytical cross sectional study, 77 participants with spastic cerebral palsy (44 women، 33 men) with age range of 20 to 40 years (mean age 26.19±5 yr) took part in this study. They were enrolled from three Raad Rehabilitation Goodwill complexes in Tehran and Karaj cities. All subjects were recruited through convenient sampling. Severity of Spasticity for knee flexors was measured with Modified Tardieu Scale. In addition, the level of motor function, and quality of life were assessed respectively through Gross Motor Function Classification System and World Health Organization Quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL- BREF). To analyze data, Pearson and spearman correlation coefficient was used. Results: No correlation found between quality of life with knee flexor muscles spasticity and level of motor function (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Quality of life as a multi dimensional concept has been impacted by many factors such as physical status, environmental issues and culture. Possibly, severity of spasticity and level of function have a less pronounced effect on quality of life in community dwelling adults with cerebral palsy. }, Keywords = {Adult, Cerebral palsy, Quality of life, Spasticity}, volume = {26}, Number = {4}, pages = {150-156}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1677-en.html}, eprint = {http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1677-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)}, issn = {1016-1430}, eissn = {2251-6840}, year = {2012} }