CASE_STUDY HYDATID CYST COMPLETELY REPLA CING ONE LUNG REMOVED BY ENUCLEATION TECHNIQUE Pulmonary Echinococcus granulosus is a parasitic infection found worldwide. Patients usually present with cough and/or hemoptysis with pulmonary nodule (s). Rarely do they enlarge to such sizes as to present with dyspnea. We report two cases with the largest hydatid cysts of the lung reported up to date: one measuring 24.5 x 19 cm and the other 19.5 x 16.5 cm. These cysts were removed intact without rupturing and with decreased complications using the Barrett (enucleation) technique. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1342-en.pdf 1995-08-15 153 155 B MOTARJEM 1 From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, lslamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR M KESHMIRI 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE STAG ES OF DEVELOPMENT OF RENAL GLOMERULI IN THE NEWBORN RAT KIDNEY Glomerular development of the kidney was studied in newborn rats by electron microscopy. Four different stages of glomerular development were defined: vesicle fonnation, S-shaped body stage, capillary loop fonnation, and glomerular maturation. In the fust stage, the mesenchymal cells form a spheroid mass. This is followed by the S-shaped body stage in which clefts appear in the mass. Afterwards, capillary loop formation, junctional migration, podocyte differentiation, and interdigitation of epithelial processes occur. Finally, the cytoplasm of endothelial cells becomes thinner. The urinary space is visible in this stage. The fusion of epithelial and endothelial basement membranes results in fonnation of the layers of the GBM. The increase in the number of podocyte processes and endothelial cell fenestrations are important events in the maturation phase. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1341-en.pdf 1995-08-15 147 152 Development Glomerular stages Basement membrane M NOBAKHT 1 From the Department of Anatomy, Tarbiat Modarres University, and the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR MT TAKl 2 AUTHOR M REZAZADEH 3 AUTHOR S SHARlAT TORBAGHAN 4 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE THE INTERACTION OF RADIATION AND INTERCALATING AGENTS IN NORMAL BONE MARROW CELLS AS EVALUATED BY SPLEEN COLONY ASSAY TECHNIQUE: THE EFFECTS OF BLEOMYCIN SULFATE AND ACT INOMYCIND. The relationship between the way in which normal hemopoietic stem cells respond to irradiation alone or in the presence of bleomycin sulfate (BLM-S) and actinomycin 0 (ACT-D) was investigated. Single doses of BLM-S at 0.3 mg/kg and ACT-O at 0.10 mg/kg body weight were injected intravenously 1-6 hours prior to whole body irradiation and treatment was repeated twice more with time intervals. When assessed by survival of spleen colony forming units (CFU-S) of bone marrow cells (BMC), BLM-S alone caused only 10% reduction in survival compared to controls. There was not a significant difference in survival fraction (SF) when treatment with BLM-S was repeated twice more. On the other hand, ACT-O alone caused a 45% reduction in SF after the first injection and only a 10% reduction after the third injection. Increase in survival might be due to resistance induced in BMC after treatments with the drugs. The difference between the 'SF of BMC of mice exposed to doses of 1-3 Gy whole body irradiation was statistically significant with a p-value <0.05. When used in combination with radiation, neither BLM-S nor ACT-O caused a synergistic or additive effect. Although survival was seen to be lower for ACT-O treated animals, the effect was not as pronounced as expected. A significant change in the results was also not observed for fractionated doses of gamma rays in the presence of BLM-S and ACT-O injected at various time intervals. Results obtained from the administration of drugs at various time intervals before irradiation does not suggest a specific time for drug treatment prior to irradiation. These results also suggest that no potentiating effect is likely to be produced by a combination of BLM-S or ACT-O and radiation therapy in bone marrow cells. We therefore believe that these drugs induce a modest resistive response to the effects of radiation on bone marrow cells by a mechanism which is not yet understood. Therefore, using this agent repeatedly for cancer treatment might not cause severe adverse biological effects in bone marrow stem cells. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1340-en.pdf 1995-08-15 137 145 Biological effects. Radiation Bleomycin sulfate Actinomycin D Bone marrow cells HOSSEIN MOZDARANI 1 From the School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University. Tehran. Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR MAJID JADIDI 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE A STUDY OF FREE RADICAL INJURY TO VITAL ORGANS The study of toxicities which are caused by free radical inducing chemicals (e.g., carbon tetrachloride), helps to determine the mode of action of those important drugs which act by inhibiting free radicals. Evaluation of toxicities induced by carbon tetrachloride and phenobarbitone administration was carried out in seventy healthy male rabbits. Each animal received CCI4 0.25-0.5 mL/kg body weight, intraperitoneally, twice weekly for eleven doses. During this period, the only water which was provided for drinking to these animals contained 0.25 g/L pentobarbitone. Examination of these animals revealed that carbon tetrachloride produced severe liver and kidney injuries which could be assessed by physical parameters, liver and kidney function tests, and microscopic .examinations of the vital organs of these aninlals. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1339-en.pdf 1995-08-15 131 136 IFFAT ZEHRA 1 From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi AUTHOR MOHAMMAD TARIQ AFTAB 2 From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi AUTHOR ASIF BIN REHMAN 3 From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi AUTHOR QAMAR JAMAL 4 the Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan. AUTHOR SHAHID RASHID 5 From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE INTRODUCTION OF A NEW MODIFIED EYEBROW AND EAR RECONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE This paper presents a new modified technique for ear and eyebrow reconstruction which was used to reconstruct facial injuries caused by burns, excision of malignant tumors, depressed traumatic scars and a low hairline defect around the auricular region.' Other facial reconstructions carried out by this procedure were also highly successful and without complications. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1338-en.pdf 1995-08-15 127 130 MEHDI DEYLAMIPOUR 1 From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hazrat Fatemeh Training and Treatment University Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran. AUTHOR AHMAD HOOMAND 2 AUTHOR NOOR AHMAD LATIFI 3 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE COMPA RISON OF LEVELS OF IgG, IgA, AND IgM IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT GLYCEMIC CONTROLS Immunoglobulins G, A, and M have been reponed to be present in statistically significant higher levels in diabetic patients compared to healthy comrols. II may be conceived that the levels of immunoglobulins might be significantly higher in diabetics with long-lasting (months of) poor control than in peers with an equally long term period of good control. To assess this possibility, we measured and compared serum levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM in two diabetic populations one consisting of 27 patients with mean values of at least monthly-measured fasting plasma sugars during the 3 months prior to the study of 140 mg/dL or less, and the second group consisting of 34 diabetics with mean levels of fasting plasma glucoses for each patient during the same interval in excess of 160 mg/dL. We found that, while the mean blood sugars were remarkably different between the groups (P <0.00 I), the difference between mean values of serum immunoglobulins were not statistically significant (P-values more than 0.3, 0.8, and 0.8 for IgG, IgA, and IgM, respectively). We conclude that no relationship exists between longlasting glycemic controls and serum immunoglobulin levels in diabetics. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1337-en.pdf 1995-08-15 123 125 Diabetes mellitus glycernic control. Immunoglobulins GHOLAM REZA PISHDAD 1 From the Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, and the Section of Immunology ,department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR ZAHRA FAGHIRI 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE RAPID NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF UNDERFIVE YEAR OLD KURDISH REFUGEE CHILDREN IN IRAN In an attempt to depict the nutritional status of Kurdish refugee children under five years of age. a rapid survey was conducted on 900 children in 9 camps of Kurdistan and Bakhtaran province in May 1991. The study included anthropometric measurements on all. clinical examination of 731, and biochemical tests for anemia and protein energy malnutrition (PEM) on 160 subjects. The results showed half of the children to be anemic. Twenty percent of the children had moderate to severe PEM by the most conservative criteria. This figure was around 40% in the 2 to 3 year old children. It was concluded that 50% of the children required urgent nutritional intervention and the other half were potentially in danger. Although malnutrition was serious enough in the subjects, the sanitary condition of the camps was even worse. Any measure to rectify the situation in similar cases should include both public health and nutritional solutions. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1336-en.pdf 1995-08-15 117 121 M KIMIAGAR 1 From the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. P.O. Box 1939514741, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR M BAHRAMI 2 AUTHOR ME HABIBI 3 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE CLINICAL CORRELATIONS BETWEEN AUDITORY BRAIN STEM RESPONSE AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN PATIENTS WITH DEFINITE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS In an attempt to assess objectively the integrity of the auditory pathways in 30 patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS), an audiometric evaluation was performed and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were obtained. Stressing the auditory system by increasing the stimulation rate showed some enhancement in the identification of MS. 24 (RO%) patients had an abnormal ABR along with clinical signs of brainstem dysfunction at the time of assessment by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while those without such signs had no incidence of abnormalities. This is independent of the clinical classification of the patients. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1335-en.pdf 1995-08-15 113 116 MASOOD KAVIANI 1 From the E.N.T. Department and the Department of Audiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran. AUTHOR ABDUL -HOSSEIN JAFARY 2 AUTHOR ALI-ASGHAR PEYVANDI 3 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE B IRTH ORDER IN PROGENIES OF CHEM ICAL WARFARE-INTOXICATED IRANIAN PEOPLE In the present work we studied the birth order in progenies of lranian survivors of Iraqi chemical attacks during a period from 1984 to 1989. Then we compared the results with the birth order of the control group. Despite a slight difference between the birth order in the two groups of progenies, this was not statistically significant. This does not mean, however, that there are no genetic consequences due to war chemicals. A number of autosomal recessive mutants may have been produced but they will not become manifest for several generations. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1334-en.pdf 1995-08-15 111 112 ALI AKBAR MOSHTAGHIE 1 From the School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 518, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR HAMID POUR-JAFARI 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE EVALUATION OF DIRECT MICROSCOPY, CULTURE, AND POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS In view of the importance of early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the efficiency of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), one of the most reliable and sensitive DNA-based assays, was compared with conventional methods (acid-fast microscopy and culture) for the detection of M. tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from patients suspected of TBM. Of the 29 CSF specimens from highly probable TBM patients (based on clinical features), 25 were positive by PCR (86.2%), was acid-fast microscopy (AFM) positive (3.4%), positive (17.2%). No positive results were found by AFM, culture or PCR in the nontuberculous control group. The results of this study indicate that application of PCR should be extremely useful for the diagnosis of TBM. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1333-en.pdf 1995-08-15 107 110 ABDOLNASSER RAFI 1 From the Department of Medical Microbiology, University College London Medical School, University of London, London, England. AUTHOR BABAK BABAN 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE DIFFUSE CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT ON MR IMAGES IN BRAIN INFARCTION: "PSEUDOTUMOR SIGN" The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of diffuse enhancement seen on contrast-enhanced MR images in patients with subacute infarction. A retrospective study of 104 patients with the diagnosis of stroke who had undergone contrast-enhanced MR scanning within2 weeks of the inciting neurological event revealed 66 patients who demonstrated different patterns of contrast-enhancement in the region of infarction. Diffuse enhancement was seen in the cerebellum and occipital regions in 12 patients. As this diffuse enhancement could be confused with enhancement seen in primary or metastatic tumors of the brain, the term "pseudotumor sign" was used for this type of enhancement. We concluded that subacute infarct should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors when this imaging pattern is observed. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1332-en.pdf 1995-08-15 101 106 Infarction. pseudotumor . diffuse enhancement. FARHAD KIOUMEHR 1 From the Departments of Radiological Sciences Olive View-UCLA Medical Center,14445 Olive View Drive, Sylmar, California 91342 (818) 364-4078, FAX: 364-4071 AUTHOR JAMSHID AHMADI 2 Department of Radiological Sciences, USC/LA County Medical Center, 1200 N.State Street,Los Angeles, CA 90033, (213) 226•7234. AUTHOR MARK MORROW 3 From the Departments of Neurology, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center,14445 Olive View Drive, Sylmar, California 91342 (818) 364-4078, FAX: 364-4071 AUTHOR MAJID ROOHOLAMINI 4 From the Departments of Radiological Sciences Olive View-UCLA Medical Center,14445 Olive View Drive, Sylmar, California 91342 (818) 364-4078, FAX: 364-4071 AUTHOR ANH AU 5 From the Departments of Radiological Sciences Olive View-UCLA Medical Center,14445 Olive View Drive, Sylmar, California 91342 (818) 364-4078, FAX: 364-4071 AUTHOR RAMESH VERMA 6 From the Departments of Radiological Sciences Olive View-UCLA Medical Center,14445 Olive View Drive, Sylmar, California 91342 (818) 364-4078, FAX: 364-4071 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE ENDOSCOPIC REMOVAL OF GASTRIC CANCER BY METHYLENE BLUE INJECTION METHOD: SUBMUCOSAL CANCER WITHOUT THE NON-LIFTING SIGN A 59 year old man is presented with adenocarcinoma of the stomach. In order to evaluate for the presence of the non-lifting sign, methylene blue was injected 2 mm from the perimeter of the tumor. Since the tumor lifted, snare removal of the tumor was done, safely. Partial gastrectomy was performed 2 weeks after endoscopic removal of the tumor which revealed no residual tumor or lymph node metastasis. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1331-en.pdf 1995-08-15 97 100 AKIHIRO MUNAKATA 1 From the First Department of Internal Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036, Japan. AUTHOR YOSHIHARU UNO 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE INSULINOMA NEW CONCEPTS IN MANAGEMENT In this report, nine patients with insulinoma who were operated on between 19H5 and I <J<J3 at the Shohada Medical Center affiliated to the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran are presented. There were three males and six females (male to female ratio I :2) and the patients' age ranged from 23 to 60 years old (mean age 37.6 years old). Duration of symptoms was from three months to three years (average 18.2 months) and consisted of weakness, fainting, cold sweats, tremor, syncope, seizures and coma. Preoperative localization procedures consisting of sonography, CT scan and selective angiography were performed for all patients and at least one of them was positive in five patients (55%), with CT scan being the most helpful. At surgery, II tumors were found in seven patients, (78% positive surgical findings), of which two were in the head, four in the body and five in the tail of the pancreas. Of the two patients in whom no tumor was found at surgery, one patient who underwent 95% pancreatectomy with preservation of the spleen was cured and nonnoglycemic postoperatively, but the second patient, despite a distal pancreatectomy up to the level of the superior mesenteric vein, remained symptomatic. Thus our overall success rate is HR.<J%. The surgical procedures performed consisted of distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy in three patients, enucleation alone in three patients, distal pancreatectomy preserving the spleen in two patients and distal pancreatectomy with enucleation in one patient. Insulinoma is a surgically correctable disease, but requires a high index of suspicion if 'diagnosis is not to be delayed and severe neurological sequelae prevented. Tumor enucleation when possible or distal subtotal pancreatectomy preserving the spleen as described in detail are recommended by the authors as the procedures of choice, and with careful technique, excellent results are possible. In this paper, we present nine patients treated at our center and compare our results with that reported in the literature. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1330-en.pdf 1995-08-15 91 95 MOHAMMADREZA KALANTAR MOTAMEDI 1 From the Department of General and Vascular Surgery and Traumatology, Shohada Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR MOHAMMADHASAN KALANTAR MOTAMEDI 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE POST-TRAUMATIC CHRONIC SPINAL CORD INJURY: ASSESSMENT WITH MRI The initial experience concerning the use of magnetic resonance imaging in 94 patients who had sustained chronic cord injury showed its specific advantages over traditional imaging modalities. A variety of 84 cord abnormalities were identified including myelomalacia in 47%, cord cysts in 37%, focal atrophy in 11 % and cord transection in 5%. Canal stenosis was seen in twenty-five patients, eleven of which were associated with herniated nucleus pulposus. The time interval post-injury varied from 5 months to 10 years which was independent of the type of injury. Myelopathy was usually observed at the site of initial injury. Although the majority of patients had cervical spine injuries (56%), the thoracic spinal cord appeared more susceptible to cyst development (40%). http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1329-en.pdf 1995-08-15 83 89 Spinal injury MRI. traumatic cord cysts myelomalacia. FARHOOD SAREMl 1 From the Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, AUTHOR