REVIEW_ARTICLE A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF HUMAN GROWTH STUDIES IN IRAN Studies of human growth throughout Iran since 1966 have been surveyed critically. Only 32 papers and 15 research reports on this very crucial issue have been published or compiled so far, most of them on Tehran and Shiraz, which is negligible in comparison with American or European and even some African and Asian studies. Though measurements of height and weight naturally predominate, arm circumference, head circumference and skinfold thickness are also extensively documented. People are now heavier and taller than reported previously. Children in well-off homes everywhere grow faster than those in poor homes and urban children grow faster than rural children. The necessity for using local standards covering all age groups for clinical work in Iran is emphasised and a longitudinal growth study is suggested. A study of the pattern of growth and its related complex factors would serve as an invaluable asset in planning and (evaluation of community health service and health promotion. The paper also provides a comprehensive bibliography of growth studies in Iran which would be helpful to the interested researchers in this field. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1481-en.pdf 1993-02-15 311 319 S.M. TAGHl AYATOLLAHI 1 From the Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR
CASE_STUDY A RARE CASE OF GASTRIC LIPOMA A middle age woman was hospitalized for investigation of a mobile filling defect in the stomach with exacerbation of 3-year gastric symptoms. Gastroscopy revealed a huge pedunculated polyp. Histologic report of the mass was gastric antral lipoma. Since the patient refused surgery, cauterization polypectomy was performed without any complication. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1480-en.pdf 1993-02-15 309 310 HOSSEIN FOROUTAN 1 From the Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR
CASE_STUDY RIGHT VENTRICULAR FATTY INFILTRATION IN MITRAL STENOSIS, A RARE CAUSE OF SURGICAL FAILURE. A 47 year-old female died after mitral valve replacement. Post-cardiopulmonary bypass right ventricle was not able to pump despite good left ventricular contractility. At microscopic examination, diffuse right ventricular fatty infiltration was found. We found no previous report of this pathology in patients with mitral stenosis http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1479-en.pdf 1993-02-15 307 308 Fatty infiltration Cardiopulmonary bypass Right ventricle F NOOHI 1 From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Rajaie Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR A MOHEBBI 2 AUTHOR AA PETROSSIANS 3 AUTHOR D EKHTERAll 4 AUTHOR A ALGHABI 5 AUTHOR
CASE_STUDY METAGENOUS CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST: SECONDARY DEPOSIT OF PAPILLARY CARCINOMA OF THE THYROlD IN A BREAST WITH PRIMARY DUCTAL CARCINOMAA COlNClDENCE Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid constitutes 80% of thyroid malignancies in adults. Females are affected at least twice as often as males. It metastasizes to distant sites very rarely, but to the cervical nodes quite often. Occasionally metastatic lymph node enlargement is the sole presenting feature. t.3.6.7 The tumor is slow growing and sometimes the patient has good survival even in spite of distant metastases. The following case is a coincidence of two separate rare diseases, one is metastasis of the thyroid papillary carcinoma to the breast and the second one is coincidence of this unheard metastasis with carcinoma of the breast itself. By my knowledge, this is the first case of its kind being reported. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1478-en.pdf 1993-02-15 303 305 SA JALALI 1 From the Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Medical Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR
CASE_STUDY DISTA N T INFECTIONS CAUSED BY THROMBOPHLEBITIC COMPLICATIONS OF CHOLEST EATOMA The report of two cases of chest and kidney infections reminds of the possibility of distant infections caused by thrombophlebitic complications of cholesteatoma. Deep neck infection, mediastinitis, pleural empyema, pulmonary abscesses and hematogenic microabscesses of kidney have been proved by clinical, radiologic and laboratory examinations in two cholesteatoma patients. The clinical course of distant infections could be terminated by effective surgical elimination of contaminated thrombi from sigmoid sinus during a mastoid surgery. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1477-en.pdf 1993-02-15 299 301 N MOKHTARI 1 From the Department of otolaryngology. Ghaem Medical Center. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad. Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR M NAGHIBZADEH 2 AUTHOR
CASE_STUDY A FAMILIAL CASE OF PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS A family in which two members are affected by pemphigus vulgaris is presented from Gilan. Up to now only 25 families in which more than one member was affected have been reported http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1476-en.pdf 1993-02-15 297 298 J GOLCHAI 1 From the Dept. of Dermatology, Razi Haspital, Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR J SHAMS GILANI 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE THE PRODUCTION OF MURINE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (MAb) DIRECTED AGAINST HUMAN T- LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS The production of murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) has not yet been reported in Iran. The present work describes for the first time the generation of several murine hybridoma clones secreting MAbs directed against human leukocyte surface antigens. The secreted antibodies by hybridoma clones have been screened on different lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. Results indicated that of seven hybridomas, clones 3FII, 3C3 and IF2 showed a strong reactivity for T-cells purified from thymus and tonsil tissues. Moreover, clones I D4 and 605 which partially stained thymus tissues were found to be negative on purified B-cells and monocytic cell line U937. The third group, 4ES and 4F4 hybridoma clones was expressed weakly on purified T, B-cells and U937 cell line. Further work is needed to determine the epitopes recognized by these MAbs and a comparison of the data with those presented at the previous leukocyte antigens workshop. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1475-en.pdf 1993-02-15 291 295 ABBAS A. GHADERI 1 From•the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz AUTHOR Z AMIRGHOFRAN 2 the Department of Immunology, Tarbiat Modarres University, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE BUPROPION-INDUCE D CLIMBING THROU GH D -1 AND D-2 DOPAMINE RECEPTOR ACTIVATION Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of bupropion (3,6, amine (4,16 mg kg•') induced dose-dependent climbing in mice. The climbing response induced by both drugs were decreased in animals pretreated either with the 0-1 antagonist SCH 233<)0 or the 0-2 antagonist sulpiride. The α-adrenoceptor blocker phenoxybenzamine decreased the climbing induced by both bupropion and amphetamine, but the β-adrenergic blocker propranolol and the antimuscarinic agent atropine had no effect. Reserpine pretreatment abolished the climbing induced by bupropion but not that of amphetamine. However, alpha-methyl-ptyrosine combined with reserpine treatment reduced the amphetamine-induced climbing. It is concluded that both bupropion and amphetamine-induced climbing through release of dopamine and subsequent activation of 0-1/0-2 receptors however, the mechanisms by which dopamine is released by these drugs may differ. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1474-en.pdf 1993-02-15 285 289 D-1and D-2 receptors amphetamine bupropion. reserpine climbing. Mice MOHAMMAD-REZA ZARRINDAST 1 From the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR YADOLLAH KHAlENABI 2 AUTHOR MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN POURGHOLAMI 3 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE PURIFICATIO N OF ALPHA-AMYLASE FROM BACILLUS SUBTILlS LINE # 1024 WITH ATCC 465 Alpha-amylase E.C.3.2.1.1. (1,4 glucan, 4 glucanohydrolase) can be obtained from salivary glands, pancreas and microorganisms such as Pseudomonas and Asperigllus, as well as muscles and ovarian tubes.1.2 Alpha-amylase from Bacillus Subtilis #1024(A TCC 465)* was purified with a highest degree of purity in our laboratory (31.59 U/mg). The extracellular alpha-amylase was subjected to different purification techniques such as anionic and cationic exchange chromatography and preparative electrophoresis. The final fold of purification was equivalent to 38, which was higher than the previous reported values, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulphate (PAGESDS), Laemmeli method, gave a molecular weight of 82000 Daltons. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1473-en.pdf 1993-02-15 281 284 Alpha-amylase Bacterial enzymes amylase electrophoresis FARIBA NABATCHlAN 1 From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box '•1155-5399, Tehran, Islamic Republic of lran. AUTHOR BIJAN FARZAMI 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE BINDING OF THE ANTITUMOR DRUG ADRIAMYCIN TO DNA-HISTONE COMPLEXES Isotherms of the binding of the anthracycIine antibiotic, adriamycin (adriblastin), to DNA histone complexes was studied by means of spectroscopic analysis. The results indicated that: (a) binding of adriamycin to histones reduced the interaction of histones with DNA, (b) binding of the drug to DNA did not change the binding affinity of histone to DNA and, (c) in the explored binding range of r<O.1 the binding of adriamycin to DNA-histone complex proved to be anticooperative with n values of 0.32 for the interaction of histone with DNA-drug and 0.26 for the binding of DNA to histone-drug complex. The results suggest the possible participation of his tones in the DNA-drug complex formation. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1472-en.pdf 1993-02-15 275 279 Anthracycline Chromation Histones Adriomycin AZRA RABBANI 1 From the Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR MARZIEH HAGSHARIFIA TAGAVI 2 AUTHOR BAHRAM GOLIAEI 3 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE CRYPTOSPORIDUM IN SHEEP AS A SOURCE FOR HUMAN INFECTION Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that infects epithelial cells of the intestine in a wide variety of vertebrates. During the last decade, cryptosporidiosis has emerged as a cause of diarrhea in man. Most of the' patients have AIDS, and have had contact with infected animals. In this study ' 510 samples were collected from sheep and examined for detection of this parasite. The result showed that 26.X6% of animals were colonised. Fattened sheep were less infected than lambs and those kept for milk. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1471-en.pdf 1993-02-15 273 274 M REZAEIAN 1 From the Department of Protozoology , School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran AUTHOR A SHAHMORADI 2 the department of Parasitology, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR A DALIMI 3 the department of Parasitology, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE ASSESSMENT OF NORMAL IgE LEVEL IN 0-14 YEAR OLD HEALTHY CHILDREN IN TEHRAN In order to determine the normal values of total IgE in children, 3270 sera were taken from 0-14 year old males and females in different parts of Tehran, the capital of Iran. The technique which was used to measure total IgE was ELISA method using monoclonal anti-IgE antibody. The results of this research indicated that the lower value for IgE was detected in children at birth (X=3.S3 IU/mL), while the highest value was in 10 year old children (X=74.63 IU/mL). Therefore, it has been concluded that with increasing age, the IgE level will also increase (r=0.919). Regardless of the age value, the IgE content in both males and females are the same. But concerning age and sex, the IgE level in four year old girls was higher (X=44.92) than similarly aged boys (X=28.2) (P<0.01), while in eight year old boys, a higher value of IgE (X=66.42) was recorded in comparison to the same aged girls (X=49 .S9) (p<0.05). http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1470-en.pdf 1993-02-15 269 272 R REZAEIPOOR 1 From the Department of Immunology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR HR MOHAMMAD ZADEH 2 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE DIETARY SALT REDUCTION POTENTIATES THE ACTION OF HYPOTENSIVE DRUGS Hypertension is a common health problem. Hypotensive drugs and low salt diet are used in its treatment. This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of a low-salt diet and drug therapy in the treatment of arterial hypertension. A total of 256 randomly selected patients with essential hypertension consulting the Non-contagious Diseases Clinic in Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran, were included in the study for a period of 28 days. They were divided into four groups. Groups A and B received both methyldopa (250 mg t.i.d.) and hydrochlorothiazide (daily 10 mg), the former consuming a normal and the second a low-salt diet. Groups C and D consumed a low-salt and a salt-free diet, respectively, with no drugs. Both treatments A and B caused statistically significant reductions in blood pressure even after seven days, but treatment B was much more effective. Reductions in blood pressure in Groups C and D were very little, even after 28 days. Using the three-way classification of analysis of variance, it was revealed that interactions existed among the three factors, i.e., age, diet and length of treatment, as regards lowering blood pressure. We conclude, confirming previous reports in the literature, that a low-salt diet potentiates the hypotensive action of antihypertensive drugs. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1469-en.pdf 1993-02-15 265 268 A DJAZAYERI 1 From the Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran AUTHOR MAHMOOD M.M. FARAHANI 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences AUTHOR H NAZEM 3 Department of Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE A REVIEW ON HYDATID CYST OF LIVER, WITH A BRIEF REPORT OF 126 CASES FROM FARS PROVINCE A retrospective review of 126 surgically-proven cases of hydatid cyst of the liver was performed. Sixty percent of the patients were in the third and fourth decades of life. The most common presenting complaint was right upper abdominal pain and/or fullness sensation (92%). Duration of symptoms was more than two months in 61 %. One third of the patients had more than one cyst in the liver. Cysts were located in the right lobe in 68%, left lobe in 19% and both lobes in 13%. In 6%, other intraabdominal cysts were found during surgery. Cysts were infected in 29% and were complicated by rupture or fistula formation in 10%. Chest x-rays were abnormal in 37% (elevated right hemidiaphragm, 22% right lower lobe infiltrate/ atelectasis, 5% right pleural effusion, 13% pulmonary hydatid cyst, 7%). Plain abdominal films were abnormal in 41 % (curvilinear calcification, 22.5% hepatomegaly, 24% splenomegaly, 5% air fluid level in the liver cyst, 2.5%). Upper gastrointestinal barium studies showed extrinsic pressure on the stomach and duodenum in 40%. Liver scintigraphy was abnormal in 96%, but in 25% there was a discrepancy either in number or location of the cyst(s) when compared to surgical findings. Angiography was abnormal in all the cases performed. Literature on pathophysiology, radiologic findings (including CT scan and ultrasonography), and on surgical and medical therapy of hydatid disease of the liver is reviewed. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1468-en.pdf 1993-02-15 257 264 Echinococcus Hydatid disease Hydatid cyst liver BAHAR BASTANI 1 From the Departments of*Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR FARROKH DEHDASHTI 2 From the Departments of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE EXTENSION OF THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SPACE INTO THE PROXIMAL TYMPANIC PART OF THE FACIAL NERVE The author presents an unusual extension of the cerebrospinal fluid space into the proximal tympanic part of the facial nerve, and points out the clinical and surgical significance of this anatomical variation. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1467-en.pdf 1993-02-15 255 256 DRAGOSLAVA DJERIC 1 From the Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Belgrade Medical School, Belgrade. Yugoslavia. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE MEASLES EPIDEMICS TN KERMAN, IRAN In early 1990, an outbreak of measles occurred in Kerman, (population 257, 284) Iran. Overall, 475 cases were identified and four died (case fatality ratio 5.4 per thousand). Illness was limited primarily to children below 15 years of age 166 (22.3%) were in children under five, 573 (77%) between 5-14 and six (0.8%) above 15 years of age. The age of the cases ranged from five months to 35 years. The agespecific attack rates were 3.9, 1.8,7.3 and 2.8 per 1,000 for children under I, 1-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years of age, respectively. Overall, 14 (1.9%) children with measles were hospitalized for severe complications which consisted mainly of pneumonia, otitis and gastroenteritis. Based on 745 cases with an immunization record vaccine efficacy was calculated at 88%, indicating a slight problem with the cold chain or the vaccine. The outbreak has been primarily related to low immunization coverage during the last 10 years. This outbreak again indicates the need to improve vaccine coverage with the AIK -C existing vaccine, and also the advisability of a revaccination programme at school age will need to be considered. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1466-en.pdf 1993-02-15 249 255 Measles epidemiology measles outbreak Iran epidemiology measles incidence measles morbidity MOHAMMAD H. DAlE PARIZI 1 From the School of Medicine, Kerman University, of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran AUTHOR MOHSEN JANGHORBANI 2 AUTHOR KHIROLLAH GHORBANI 3 AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE 33 CASES OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA WITH MASSIVE BONE DESTRUCTION: REPORT OF A 10-YEAR STUDY IN NORTHEASTERN IRAN The author studied 133, 856 admissions over a ten-year period and found 138 cases of primary tumors of bone. Of these only 33 were multiple myeloma. Incidence, clinical manifestation, age, sex and etiology are reported, and the effect of four different chemotherapy regimens are evaluated. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1465-en.pdf 1993-02-15 245 248 MANOOCHEHR M. LARI 1 From the Dept. of Hematology, Mashhad Univ. of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran. AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE SUPRAVALVAR AORTIC STENOSIS IN CHILDREN REPORT OF THIRTEEN CASES During 15 years from 1975 to 1990, thirteen cases of supravalvar aortic stenosis were admitted at the pediatrics department of Shahid Rajai Heart Hospital, Tehran. All patients were subjected to cardiac catheterization and a angiocardiography. Patients ranged in age from 3.5 years to 14 years with a mean of 8.7 years. Seventy seven percent of childen were male. Eight cases (61.5%) had Williams' syndrome. Hourglass type of supravalvar aortic stenosis was the most common variant (70%), followed by hypoplastic type (15%) and membranous type (5%). Peripheral pulmonary stenosis was the most common associated anomaly and was observed in 23% of patients. The main purpose of this investigation is to report the results of the study on supravalvar aortic stenosis and its association with Williams' syndrome in a group of Iranian children. http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1464-en.pdf 1993-02-15 241 244 SHAHLA ROODPEYMA 1 From the Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Rajai Heart Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, AUTHOR AKBAR SHAHMOHAMMADI 2 AUTHOR