AU - Mirlohi, Seyed Hossein AU - Eftekhari, Kambiz AU - Shirzadi, Rohola AU - Fateh, Abolfazl AU - Masoumi, Morteza AU - Modaresi, Mohammadreza TI - The Value of Sputum Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis Patients withNegative Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Sputum Culture PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE TA - MJIRI JN - MJIRI VO - 36 VI - 1 IP - 1 4099 - http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-7205-en.html 4100 - http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-7205-en.pdf SO - MJIRI 1 ABĀ  - Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening autosomal recessive disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in CF patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) negative sputum culture. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population included all children with CF, aged between 5 - 18 years old, with an NTM negative sputum culture. The patient's sputum samples were sent for smear and culture of NTM, RFLP PCR, and PCR sequence. Results: In total, 57 CF patients with negative NTM sputum culture were enrolled. Nine patients (15.78%) had positive sputum PCR for NTM. Among these strains, Mycobacterium simiae was the most common one with 5 cases (8.77% of total positive cases). Conclusion: PCR can be used as an alternative diagnostic method for NTM in CF patients with negative NTM sputum culture, always under clinical suspicion of the disease. CP - IRAN IN - LG - eng PB - MJIRI PG - 61 PT - Original Research: Clinical Science YR - 2022