en Surgery Surgery Original Research Original Research In this first report on the experience with renal transplantation in children and adolescents in southern Iran during the past five years, thirty-two patients (aged 5- 19 years old 18 males, 14 females) received renal allografts. Pretransplantation pathologic diagnoses by kidney biopsy were: membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, reflux nephropathy, obstructive uropathy and renal tubular acidosis (RTA). The cause of ESRD was unknown in eleven cases. Overall one year graft survival was 89%, 71 % at two years, and 50% at four years. The overall patient survival at one year was 93% and at two years, 86%. Well-being and remarkable improvement of physical, emotional, biochemical and endocrinological impairment were noticeable in 74% of the patients. No recurrence of primary disease was detected during the study period. 7 9 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-454&slc_lang=en&sid=1 GH HASHEMI 20031947532846005428 20031947532846005428 Yes From the Renal Transplantation Unit, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran. SA MALEK HOSSEINI 20031947532846005429 20031947532846005429 No MH FALLAH-ZADEH 20031947532846005430 20031947532846005430 No R JAVID 20031947532846005431 20031947532846005431 No N GHAHRAMANI 20031947532846005432 20031947532846005432 No