en Radiology Radiology Original Research Original Research 56 percutaneous nephrostomies were evaluated in 50 patients, with a malignant underlying factor in 32 and benign conditions in 24. The clinical indication was decompression for supravesical obstruction with or without azotemia in the majority of cases. Less common indications were management of ureteral fistula, ureteral stricture dilatation, and pelvic stone extraction. Serious complications were encountered in 5.4 % with one fatal hemorrhage. Successful results were achieved in about 98% of cases with one placement failure. The procedure offers an excellent and efficacious alternative to surgical nephrostomy. 105 111 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-505&slc_lang=en&sid=1 FARHOOD SEREMI 20031947532846005617 20031947532846005617 Yes From the Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of lran.