en Pathology Pathology Original Research Original Research Hemophagocytic syndrome is a non-malignant process that is characterized clinically by fever, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, pancytopenia in peripheral blood, and reactive histiocytes in the bone marrow. Bacterial infectious diseases like typhoid fever and brucellosis and viral infections including CMV, herpes viruses, and Epstein-Barr virus are diagnosed as the cause of this syndrome. In this paper we present six patients with hemophagocytic syndrome who had blood culture or bone marrow culture, and or serology positive for typhoid fever or brucellosis. This is the first report of hemophagocytic syndrome in Iran. 21 24 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-298-703&slc_lang=en&sid=1 MOJTABA TABARESTANI 20031947532846006331 20031947532846006331 Yes From tile Department of Clinical Pathology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran.