en Trauma Surgery Trauma Surgery Review Article Review Article <p>  Road traffic crashes (RTCs) account for great mortality and morbidity rates worldwide, resulting in substantial global burden. Factors contributing to RTC generally fall into three categories: environmental, vehicle, and human, with the human factor being by far the leading determinant. Obtaining an in-depth exploration of driving behavior and factors underpinning risky driving could be of particular importance to facilitate the establishment of effective policies. </p><p>  The present article provides insight to different aspects of risky driving behavior, at micro and macro levels, from individual attitudes, and psychological factors like personality, temperament, mood and emotions, to socioeconomic context, social norms, cultural backgrounds, level of law enforcement, and internalization of legality in the society. </p><p>  Risky driving behavior is a multidimensional issue and any effort to design and establish modification policies should be based on a comprehensive understanding of its determinants in different aspects. </p> Road traffic crash (RTC), Car crash injury, Driving behavior, Psychological distress, Risky behavior, RTC determinants. 953 960 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-752&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Saba Jafarpour Saba.Jafarpour@childrens.harvard.edu 200319475328460014167 200319475328460014167 No Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran & Postdoctoral Research Fellow Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston. Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar v_rahimi@sina.tums.ac.ir, v_rahimi@yahoo.com 200319475328460014168 200319475328460014168 Yes Research Vice Chancellor of Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran & Research Centre for Neural Repair, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.