en Pediatric Pediatric Original Research Original Research <p> <strong> Background: </strong>Complications of Ventolin as the most common drug used for bronchiolitis are widely known. The present study was conducted to determine the efficacy of hypertonic saline 3%, compared with Ventolin, for treatment of acute bronchiolitis in children. </p><p> <strong> Methods </strong>: This double-blinded clinical trial study was conducted in Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord, Iran, from 2011 to 2012. A total of 70 patients under the age of two years with bronchiolitis were divided into two groups of 35 each. Ventolin nebulizer and hypertonic saline 3% nebulizer three times per day were administered in the first (Ventolin) and second (Hypersaline) group, respectively. The length of recovery was compared between the two groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) using chi-square, t-test, paired t-test, and Mann-Whitney. </p><p> <strong> Results </strong>: The mean±SD length of recovery was 4.14±0.9 and 3.06±0.6 in the Ventolin and hypersaline groups, respectively. The mean duration of recovery was significantly lower in the hypersaline group (p<0.001). </p><p> <strong> Conclusion </strong>: Hypertonic saline 3% nebulizer has more pleasant therapeutic effects on acute bronchiolitis than Ventolin. Therefore, use of hypertonic saline 3% nebulizer is recommended for the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in children under two years old. </p> Hypertonic saline solution, Pediatric, Bronchiolitis, Ventolin-albuterol. 428 432 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-831&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad-Ali Zamani zamani@yahoo.com 200319475328460016429 200319475328460016429 No Department of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Mehran Movahhedi alirezannfor@yahoo.com 200319475328460016430 200319475328460016430 No Department of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Seyyed Mohammad-Kazem Nourbakhsh dr.nourbakhsh2010@gmail.com 200319475328460016431 200319475328460016431 No Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Forouzan Ganji foruzan2000@yahoo.co.in 200319475328460016432 200319475328460016432 No Department of Community Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei rafieian@yahoo.com 200319475328460016433 200319475328460016433 No Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Mahmoud Mobasheri mobasheri@skums.ac.ir 200319475328460016434 200319475328460016434 No Department of Epidemiology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Abolfazl Khoshdel nikakhosh@gmail.com 200319475328460016435 200319475328460016435 No Department of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Shahram Etemadifar shahram_410@yahoo.com 200319475328460016436 200319475328460016436 No Department of Nursing, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Majid Shirani shirani.m@skums.ac.ir 200319475328460016437 200319475328460016437 No Department of Surgery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Zahra Keivani Hafshejani keivaniz@yahoo.com 200319475328460016438 200319475328460016438 Yes Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.