en Thoracic Surgery Thoracic Surgery case report case report <p>  <strong></strong><p>Although the most common hematological disturbance in thymoma is pure red cell aplasia, pancytopenia is a very rare paraneoplastic syndrome in this disorder. We only found one case in literature reviews. We report a 36 year old female with an anterior mediastinal mass and severe pancytopenia. With a mediastinotomy incision, biopsy of the tumor was obtained. The report of the pathologist was thymoma of predominant epithelial type. After a median sternotomy, there was complete resection of the tumor with removal of two segments of the right upper lobe and the involved pericardium (stage 3 of Thymoma). Unfortunately, after complete resection of the tumor there was no improvement in the pancytopenia. The patient died because of sepsis about 33 days after operation.</p></p><p> <strong>Abstract</strong></p> Thymoma, pancytopenia, red-cell aplasia, Thymectomy 115 118 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-172&slc_lang=en&sid=1 M. Aghajanzadeh maghajanzadeh 2003@yahoo.com 20031947532846002146 20031947532846002146 Yes Yazda Building, Sadra St. Golsar, Rasht, Iran F. Moghadam Manesh 20031947532846002147 20031947532846002147 No Department of Thoracic Surgery, Razi Hospital, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran T. Fakheri 20031947532846002148 20031947532846002148 No Department of Hematology, Razi Hospital, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran S. Hoda 20031947532846002149 20031947532846002149 No Department of Pathology, Razi Hospital, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran H. Amani 20031947532846002150 20031947532846002150 No Department of Pulmonology, Razi Hospital, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran A. Alavi 20031947532846002151 20031947532846002151 No Department of Pulmonology, Razi Hospital, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran