en Epidemiology Epidemiology Original Research Original Research <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>Background: </strong>Burnout is currently a major concern among physicians due to their high level of stress at work. There are several reports on various levels of burnout in residency programs due to several predisposing factors. The aim of this systematic review was to estimate a more precise prevalence of burnout among residents of obstetrics and gynecology.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>Methods</strong>: PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus were searched to identify peer-reviewed English-language studies published from January 1974 to 2005 reporting burnout among residents of obstetrics and gynecology.&nbsp; The key words used in the search were as follows: Residents, gynecology and obstetrics, professional burnout, depersonalization, distress, anxiety, or emotional exhaustion. Relevant additional articles were identified from the lists of the retrieved articles.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>Results</strong>: We identified 12 studies which met our criteria. A total of 2509 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence rate of burnout on all the three subscales was 44% (95% CI: 30 - 57) in this group of residents.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>Conclusion</strong>:This meta-analysis revealed a high prevalence of burnout syndrome in residents during obstetrics and gynecology residency program. Therefore, it is recommended to consider and address this important issue to develop solutions and interventions which could improve the work condition of the medical residents.</p> Burnout, Residency, Gynecology, Obstetrics, Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis. 597 602 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-860&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Yousef Moradi Yousefmoradi211@yahoo.com 200319475328460024420 200319475328460024420 No Department of Epidemiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran Hamid Reza Baradaran baradaran.hr@iums.ac.ir 200319475328460024421 200319475328460024421 Yes Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Maryam Yazdandoost myazdandoost@hotmail.com 200319475328460024422 200319475328460024422 No Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shahla Atrak shahlatrak@gmail.com 200319475328460024423 200319475328460024423 No Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Maryam Kashanian maryamkashanian@yahoo.com 200319475328460024424 200319475328460024424 No Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran