en Audiology Audiology Original Research Original Research <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>Background: </strong>Chess is a game that involves many aspects of high level cognition such as memory, attention, focus and problem solving. Long term practice of chess can improve cognition performances and behavioral skills. Auditory memory, as a kind of memory, can be influenced by strengthening processes following long term chess playing like other behavioral skills because of common processing pathways in the brain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the auditory memory function of expert chess players using the Persian version of dichotic auditory-verbal memory test.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>Methods</strong>: The Persian version of dichotic auditory-verbal memory test was performed for 30 expert chess players aged 20-35 years and 30 non chess players who were matched by different conditions the participants in both groups were randomly selected. The performance of the two groups was compared by independent samples t-test using SPSS version 21.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>Results</strong>: The mean score of dichotic auditory-verbal memory test between the two groups, expert chess players and non-chess players, revealed a significant difference (p&le0.001). The difference between the ears scores for expert chess players (p= 0.023) and non-chess players (p= 0.013) was significant. Gender had no effect on the test results.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify"><strong>  Conclusion</strong>: Auditory memory function in expert chess players was significantly better compared to non-chess players. It seems that increased auditory memory function is related to strengthening cognitive performances due to playing chess for a long time.</p> Dichotic, Auditory Memory, Chess Players. 1021 1029 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-901&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fariba Fattahi fattahi_fariba@yahoo.com 200319475328460019202 200319475328460019202 No Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ahmad Geshani ageshani@tums.ac.ir 200319475328460019203 200319475328460019203 Yes Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Zahra Jafari jafari.z@iums.ac.ir 200319475328460019204 200319475328460019204 No Department of Basic Sciences in Rehabilitation, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rehabilitation Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shohreh Jalaie jalaeish@sina.tums.ac.ir 200319475328460019205 200319475328460019205 No Department of Statistic, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mona Salman Mahini mahini_m@yahoo.com 200319475328460019206 200319475328460019206 No Iran Chess Federation Member, Center of Applied Sciences of Chess Federation, Tehran, Iran.