en Nutrition Nutrition Original Research Original Research <p></p> <p><strong>Background:</strong> Restricted intakes of saturated and trans-fatty acids and replacement with poly or monounsaturated fatty acids are<br> emphasized in healthy diets. This study evaluates the effects of a six-month consumption of canola oil compared to sunflower oil on<br> lipid profile and anthropometric parameters of people affected by dyslipidemia.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 96 patients with dyslipidemia, who were randomly assigned into canola<br> oil or the sunflower oil groups. The participants were instructed to record the contents of their daily meals, beverages, fruits, and<br> snacks a day before treatment, at the second clinic visit, in the third month, and at the end of study (i.e., six months). Lipid profile and<br> anthropometric parameters were compared between the two groups. Student t-test or Mann Whitney U test was used for statistical<br> comparisons of variables between groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to adjust the confounding factor effects.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> Of the enrolled participants, 44 (45.8%) were on sunflower oil diet and 52 (54.2%) on canola oil diet. We observed no<br> change in anthropometric parameters and thus no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Significant reductions in<br> LDL-C (p<0.001), total cholesterol (p<0.001) and triglyceride levels (p<0.001), and significant elevation in HDL-C (p=0.008) were<br> observed in canola oil group, as well as those who used sunflower oil.<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary fats in the form of canola oil or sunflower oil effectively lower the serum cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride<br> concentrations. They also result in an increase in serum concentration of HDL-C. These oils, however, did not modify general anthropometric<br> parameters.</p> <p></p> Canola Oil, Sunflower Oil, Lipid Profile, Dyslipidemia, Anthropometric Parameters 23 28 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2655-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sedigheh Saedi 200319475328460031158 200319475328460031158 No Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mona Noroozi 200319475328460031159 200319475328460031159 No Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Naghmeh Khosrotabar 200319475328460031160 200319475328460031160 No Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shadi Mazandarani 200319475328460031161 200319475328460031161 No Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Behshid Ghadrdoost behshid.ghadrdoost@yahoo.com 200319475328460031162 200319475328460031162 Yes Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran