en Health Management and Economics Health Management and Economics Original Research Original Research <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS control are one of the most important goals of the health systems. The aim of this study was to determine how HIV/AIDS control was initiated among policy makers&rsquo; agenda setting in Iran.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Methods</strong>: A qualitative research (semi-structured interview) was conducted using Kingdon&rsquo;s framework (problem, policy and politics streams, and policy windows and policy entrepreneurs) to analysis HIV/AIDS agenda setting in Iran. Thirty-two policy makers, managers, specialists, and researchers were interviewed. Also, 30 policy documents were analyzed. Framework analysis method was used for data analysis.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Results</strong>: the increase of HIV among Injecting drug users (IDUs) and Female Sex Workers (FSWs), lack of control of their high-risk behaviors, and exceeding the HIV into concentrated phase were examples of problem stream. Policy stream was evidence-based solutions that highlighted the need for changing strategies for dealing with such a problem and finding technically feasible and acceptable solutions. Iran&rsquo;s participation in United Nations General Assembly special sessions on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS), the establishment of National AIDS Committee; highlighting AIDS control in Iran&rsquo;s five years development program and the support of the judiciary system of harm reduction policies were examples of politics stream. Policy entrepreneurs linking these streams put the HIV/AIDS on the national agenda (policy windows) and provide their solutions.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Conclusion</strong>: There were mutual interactions among these three streams and sometimes, they weakened or reinforced each other. Future studies are recommended to understand the interactions between these streams&rsquo; parts and perhaps develop further Kingdon&rsquo;s framework, especially in the health sector.</p> HIV/AIDS Policy, Agenda setting, Multiple streams framework, Health system. 654 666 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1023&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Rahim Khodayari - Zarnaq rahimzarnagh@gmail.com 200319475328460023154 200319475328460023154 No Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Department of Health Service Management, School of Health Service Manage-ment and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Hamid Ravaghi Rravaghi.h@iums.ac.ir 200319475328460023155 200319475328460023155 Yes Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Mohammad Mosaddeghrad mosadeghrad@yahoo.com 200319475328460023156 200319475328460023156 No Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abbas Sedaghat abbas.sedaghat@yahoo.com 200319475328460023157 200319475328460023157 No Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. Minoo Mohraz minoomohraz@ams.ac.ir 200319475328460023158 200319475328460023158 No Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.