en Health System Health System Original Research Original Research <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical reasoning process leads clinician to get purposeful steps from signs and symptoms toward diagnosis and treatment. This research intends to investigate the effect of teaching clinical reasoning on problem-solving skills of medical students.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Methods</strong>: This research is a semi-experimental study. Nineteen Medical student of the pediatric ward as case group participated in a two-day workshop for training clinical reasoning. Before the workshop, they filled out Diagnostic Thinking Inventory (DTI) questionnaires. Fifteen days after the workshop the DTI questionnaire completed and &ldquo;key feature&rdquo; (KF) test and &ldquo;clinical reasoning problem&rdquo; (CRP) test was held. 23 Medical student as the control group, without passing the clinical reasoning workshop DTI questionnaire completed, and KF test and CRP test was held.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Results</strong>: The average score of the DTI questionnaire in the control group was 162.04 and in the case group before the workshop was 153.26 and after the workshop was 181.68. Compare the average score of the DTI questionnaire before and after the workshop there is a significant difference. The difference between average KF test scores in the control and the case group was not significant but between average CRP test scores was significant.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Conclusion</strong>: Clinical reasoning workshop is effectiveness in promoting problem-solving skills of students.</p> Clinical reasoning, Student, Problem solving, Pediatric medicine. 688 695 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1028&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Parsa Yousefichaijan parsayousefichaijan@yahoo.com 200319475328460023704 200319475328460023704 No Amirkabir Hospital, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Farshad Jafari farshadjafari@yahoo.com 200319475328460023705 200319475328460023705 No Amirkabir Hospital, Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Manijeh Kahbazi m_khabazi77@yahoo.com 200319475328460023706 200319475328460023706 No Amirkabir Hospital, Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Mohammad Rafiei rafeie@yahoo.com 200319475328460023707 200319475328460023707 No School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Abdol Ghader Pakniyat abdolghader.pakniyat@gmail.com 200319475328460023708 200319475328460023708 Yes Student Research Committee, Emergency Medicine Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.