en Epidemiology Epidemiology Original Research Original Research <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background: </strong>Water, sanitation and hygiene have a very important role in public health. Poor sanitation is the cause of water contamination, which causes many types of diseases. The aim of this paper was to present the attributable death and disability adjusted life year (DALYs) of untreated water and insanitary environments from 1990 to 2010 in Iran.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Methods: </strong>In the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study, using the comparative risk assessment, the proportion of death and DALYs attributable to untreated water source and insanitary environment has been calculated in 1990 to 2010. The certain outcomes were intestinal infectious diseases for both untreated water source and insanitary environments<strong>. </strong>Estimated attributable deaths and DALYs were reported with 95% uncertainty interval (UI).</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Results:</strong> DALY number for untreated water source and insanitary environments was 5838 (95% UI: 198-14837) in 1990, which decreased to 326 (95% UI: 9-863) in 2010 and the percent of decrease was 94.42%. In addition, DALY rate was 5667 (95% UI: 192-14402) DALY per 100,000 in 1990, which decreased to 453 (95% UI: 13-1199) DALY per 100,000 in 2010 and the percent of the reduction was 92.01%. The greatest percentage of decrease in the attributed number of deaths was also found in the late neonatal age group (95.45%).</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp; Conclusion:</strong> A significant decrease has occurred in a number of DALYs and deaths between 1990 and 2010, which was attributed to the development of new water systems and environmental sanitations in Iran.&nbsp;</p> Water, Insanitary Environments, Disability Adjusted Life Year, Burden of Diseases, Iran. 899 907 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1057&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Afshin Ebrahimi a_ebrahimi@hlth.mui.ac.ir 200319475328460024708 200319475328460024708 No Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfa-han, Iran, & Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Mokhtar Mahdavi shamall6@yahoo.com 200319475328460024709 200319475328460024709 No Environment Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, & Student Research Committee and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Anoosheh Ghasemian anoosheh.ghasemian@gmail.com 200319475328460024710 200319475328460024710 No Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Parinaz Poursafa p.poursafa@hlth.mui.ac.ir 200319475328460024711 200319475328460024711 No Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Farshad Sharifi farshadsharifi@gmail.com 200319475328460024712 200319475328460024712 No Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Rasool Mohammadi Rmohammadi@yahoo.com 200319475328460024713 200319475328460024713 No Department of Epidmioligy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Masoumeh Nejatifar rnejatifar@gmail.com 200319475328460024714 200319475328460024714 No Department of Epidmioligy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Mehdi Amin amin@hlth.mui.ac.ir 200319475328460024715 200319475328460024715 No Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfa-han, Iran, & Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Hamid Asayesh asayeshpsy@gmail.com 200319475328460024716 200319475328460024716 No Department of Medical Emergency, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. Saeid Safiri saeidsafiri@gmail.com 200319475328460024717 200319475328460024717 No Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. Hossain Ansari ansarih88@gmail.com 200319475328460024718 200319475328460024718 Yes Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Mostafa Qorbani Mqorbani1379@gmail.com 200319475328460024719 200319475328460024719 No Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran, & Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.