en Gastroenterology Gastroenterology Original Research: Clinical Science Original Research: Clinical Science <p> <strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p> <strong>Background:</strong> Triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin and quadruple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, bismuth citrate, metronidazole and amoxicillin have been proposed in Maastricht 2000 as the optimal treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. We aimed to compare these two regimens in Iranian pediatric patients.</p><p> <strong>Methods:</strong> A randomized clinical trial in Em am Khomeini Hospital between 13 81 and 1382 was done. Patients with confirmed H. pylori infection by histology were divided in to two groups in a randomized 1: 1 scheme. Triple regimen group: Clarithromycin 15 mg/kg/d, Amoxicillin 50 mglkg/d and Omeprazole 1 mg/kg/day for 10 days. Quadruple regimen group: Omeprazole 1 mg/kg/d, Amoxicillin 50 mglkg/day, Metronidazole 20 mglkg/day and Bismuth citrate 8 mglkg for 10 days. The eradication was assessed by c-urea breath test 4 weeks after the end of treatment and byperprotocol analysis.</p><p> <strong>Results:</strong> In our study, 100 patients (50 in each group) were found and the eradication rates in the triple and quadruple group were 92% and 84% respectively (p=0.046).</p><p> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to our results, we recommend triple therapy as first-line treatment in Iranian pediatric patients and quadruple therapy as a second line regimen.</p> H. pylori infection,pediatrics,triple and quadruple regimen. 29 33 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-257&slc_lang=en&sid=1 SHAHLA BAHREMAND 20031947532846006652 20031947532846006652 Yes Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University ofMedical Sciences. A. ZAMANI 20031947532846006653 20031947532846006653 No Pediatric Infectious Disease Department, Emam Khomeini Hospital, TehranUniversity of Medical Sciences. H. FOROUTAN 20031947532846006654 20031947532846006654 No Gastroenterology Branch of the Department of Internal Medicine,Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. FAROUKH TIRGARI 20031947532846006655 20031947532846006655 No Pathology Department, EmamKhomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. SHAMSOLLAH NOORIPOUR 20031947532846006656 20031947532846006656 No LALEH RAZAVI 20031947532846006657 20031947532846006657 No Pediatric Ward, Emam KhomeiniHospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. HESHMAT MOAYERI 20031947532846006658 20031947532846006658 No Pediatric Endocrinology Department, EmamKhomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran.