en Epidemiology Epidemiology Original Research Original Research <strong>Background: </strong>Anemia is one of the symptoms of hospital patients suffering from ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which may have a predictive role in short- or long-term complications. This study aimed to identify anemia risk factors and related short- or long-term outcomes in STEMI patients.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study of patients older than 18 years diagnosed with STEMI who admitted to Imam Ali hospital from 2014 to 2015. To collect demographic and clinical information related to anemia, a questionnaire compiled by researchers was administered. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS (version 20); also, independent t test and multiple logistic regression analyses were applied to find related risk factors of anemia in STEMI patients. Significance level was set at p < 0.05 for all statistical tests.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>Results: </strong>In total, 49 (11.7%) out of 423 patients suffered from anemia. STEMI patients with anemia were more likely to be female (OR = 2.92; CI 95% = 1.58-5. 38), diabetic (OR = 2.5; CI 95% = 1.32- 4.74), &ge; 60 years old (OR = 2.42; CI 95% = 1.24-4.73), nonsmokers (OR = 2.18; CI 95% = 1.07- 4.4), and susceptible to require in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), (OR = 3.12; CI 95% = 1.35- 7.1). In the final analysis, using the Forward Wald model in logistic regression, anemia remained significantly related to female gender (OR = 2.76; CI 95% = 1.42-5.36), diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.38; CI 95% = 1.2-4. 74), and a history of MI (OR = 2.5; CI 95% = 1.04-6.11).<br> &nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>Conclusion: </strong>STEMI patients with anemia are more susceptible to have in-hospital outcomes. Furthermore, female gender, hyperglycemia, and history of MI were factors related to anemia that might have major role in the complications of STEMI.<br> &nbsp; ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Anemia, Risk factors, Mortality 766 771 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3113-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Alireza Rai raialireza@yahoo.com 200319475328460064328 200319475328460064328 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mehran Babanejad mehran68b@yahoo.com 200319475328460064329 200319475328460064329 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran Samira Sanadgol Shsm85@yahoo.com 200319475328460064330 200319475328460064330 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Hosein Karim dr_karim@kums.ac.ir 200319475328460064331 200319475328460064331 Yes Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Parisa Janjani p_janjani@kums.ac.ir 200319475328460064332 200319475328460064332 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Amir Reza Rai Raiamirreza1992@gmail.com 200319475328460064333 200319475328460064333 No Faculty of Medicine, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Unit of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Afshar Shahmohammadi afsharshahmohammadi@yahoo.com 200319475328460064334 200319475328460064334 No 5. Unit of Development and Research of Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran