en Nutrition Nutrition Original Research Original Research <p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp; Background: </strong>Nowadays, Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (AD) is considered as Type 3 diabetes in which insulin resistance is the common cause of both diseases. Disruption of insulin signaling cascade and insulin resistance can induce AD; and central insulin resistance causes systemic alterations in serum insulin, FBS levels, and lipid profile. Studies have shown that probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species) can be used as a nutritional approach to improve these metabolic changes. We assessed the probiotic effect (4 species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) on insulin resistance biomarkers in an experimental model of AD.<br> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; Methods:</strong> A total of 60 rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) a control group without surgical and dietary intervention; (2) a control-probiotics group receiving probiotics for 8 weeks, but not receiving any surgical intervention; (3)&nbsp; a group receiving a sham operation in which PBS was injected intrahippocampus&nbsp; but&nbsp; without dietary intervention; (4) an Alzheimer group for which Amyloid-&szlig; (A&szlig;) 1-42 was injected intrahippocampus but without dietary intervention; (5) and an Alzheimer-probiotics group for which A&szlig;1-42 was injected intrahippocampus and given 2g probiotics for 8 weeks. The FBS levels and lipid profile were measured by a calorimetric method, insulin levels were detected by an ELISA kit, and HOMA-IR was calculated using a formula. ANOVA (one way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni comparisons post hoc) was used to compare all the variables between groups.&nbsp;<br> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; Results:</strong> Serum glucose, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR index increased in the Alzheimer group compared to the control (p<0.001), while probiotics decreased only insulin level and HOMA-IR index in AP group compared to Alzheimer group (p<0.001). Also, TG levels increased in the Alzheimer group (p<0.001), but no significant difference was detected between Alzheimer and Alzheimer-probiotics group.<br> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; Conclusion: </strong>It seems that probiotics play an effective role in controlling glycemic status of Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease.<br> &nbsp;</p> Alzheimer Disease, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Insulin, HOMA 699 704 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-70-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Somayeh Athari Nik Azm atharisetareh@gmail.com 200319475328460034488 200319475328460034488 No Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abolghassem Djazayeri jazaiers@tums.ac.ir 200319475328460034489 200319475328460034489 No Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Majid Safa majid.safa@yahoo.com 200319475328460034490 200319475328460034490 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Hematology Department, School of Allied Medical Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Kian Azami kianazami@yahoo.com 200319475328460034491 200319475328460034491 No Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahmoud Djalali jalalikh@sina.tums.ac.ir 200319475328460034492 200319475328460034492 No Department of Cellular-Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietet-ics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Sharifzadeh msharifzadeh@sina.tums.ac.ir 200319475328460034493 200319475328460034493 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammadreza vafa rezavafa@yahoo.com 200319475328460034494 200319475328460034494 Yes Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.