en Orthopedic Surgery Orthopedic Surgery Original Research Original Research <p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital radial club hand (RCH), as a rare congenital deformity of the upper extremity, is characterized by a wide spectrum of malformations including radial deviation. Centralization surgery is the standard treatment for severe cases that have been associated with a high rate of recurrence. This study reports the long-term results and recurrence rate of radial deviation following the centralization surgery of RCH.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> The medical records of 13 congenital RCH patients (16 hands), who underwent centralization surgery, were reviewed retrospectively. Hand-forearm angle (HFA), hand-forearm position (HFP), and ulnar bow (UB) were used to assess forearm angles.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the patients was 19.4&plusmn;8.9 months, and their mean follow-up was 62.1&plusmn;39.9 months. The mean HFA correction was 29.4&deg;&plusmn;23.9&deg;, the mean HFA recurrence was 13.3&deg;&plusmn;13.7&deg;, the mean correction of HFP was 13.4&plusmn;7.3 mm, and the mean recurrence of HFP was 1.4&plusmn;2.8 mm. The mean UB showed 7.6&deg;&plusmn;12.5&deg; correction immediately after surgery and a further 3.6&deg;&plusmn;7.3&deg; at the last follow-up (overall 11.2&deg;&plusmn;17.6&deg;). A number of 12 out of 13 parents were completely satisfied with the results.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to our results, an acceptable long-term result is expected after the centralization surgery of RCH. However, the risk of the recurrent radial deviation is high and needs to be optimized in future investigations.<br> &nbsp;</p> Radial club hand, Radial deviation, Centralization, Recurrence 100 104 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3409-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Farid Najd Mazhar fnajdmazhar@yahoo.com 200319475328460037172 200319475328460037172 No Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hooman Shariatzadeh shariatzadeh_h@hotmail.com 200319475328460037173 200319475328460037173 No Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Morteza Balvardi dr.balvardi62@yahoo.com 200319475328460037174 200319475328460037174 No Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Morteza Nakhaei Amroodi drmna@yahoo.com 200319475328460037175 200319475328460037175 No Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Mirzaei mirzaeialireza26@gmail.com 200319475328460037176 200319475328460037176 Yes Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.