en Oncology Oncology Original Research Original Research <strong>Background: </strong>Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is one of the common screening tests for colorectal cancer. This study was designed to determine the socio-cognitive determinants related to FOBT uptake for colorectal cancer screening based on intervention mapping (IM).<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 500 individuals aged over 50 years were randomly selected to participate in this study in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2016. Data were collected by interviews based on a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS16 using bivariate correlation, linear, and logistic regression models.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> Of the 500 respondents, 468 (93.6%) signed the consent form and voluntarily participated in the study. Almost 11.1% of the participants had a history of FOBT uptake. Socio-cognitive variables accounted for 38% of the variation in the outcome measure of the intention to uptake FOBT. Perceived self-efficacy (OR = 3.345 & 95% CI: 1.342, 8.339), perceived susceptibility (OR = 2.204& 95% CI: 1.320, 3.680), attitude (OR = 1.674& 95% CI: 1.270, 2.137), and perceived severity (OR = 1.457& 95% CI: 0.954, 2.224) were the strongest predictors of fecal occult blood test uptake.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> IM-based analysis of behavior may provide insights to design interventions for modifying individuals&rsquo; beliefs about the usefulness of FOBT uptake to prevent colorectal cancer.<br> &nbsp;<br> &nbsp; Early detection of cancer, Self-efficacy, Attitude, Disease susceptibility 486 492 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4072-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh mehdimirzaiea@yahoo.com 200319475328460062510 200319475328460062510 No Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Dilana Schaafsma d.schaafsma@fontys.nl 200319475328460062511 200319475328460062511 No Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands Behzad Karami-Matin bkm_1355@yahoo.com 200319475328460062512 200319475328460062512 No Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Farzad Jalilian f_jalilian@yahoo.com 200319475328460062513 200319475328460062513 Yes Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran