Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran
مجله پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Med J Islam Repub Iran
Medical Sciences
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir
2
journal2
1016-1430
2251-6840
8
10.18869/mjiri
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1397
11
1
gregorian
2019
2
1
33
1
online
1
fulltext
en
Inequality in the global incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and TB/HIV according to the human development index
Infectious Disease
Infectious Disease
Original Research
Original Research
<strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the ten leading causes of death, especially in developing countries. We aimed to assess the inequality in the incidence and prevalence of TB and TB/HIV based on the human development index (HDI) globally.<br>
<strong>Methods:</strong> In this ecological study, the data on the incidence and prevalence of TB, HIV, and TB/HIV co-infection in 168 countries were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO). The HDI of these countries in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 was also obtained from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). The concentration index was used to assess the inequality of the incidence and prevalence of TB and TB/HIV based on the HDI globally.<br>
<strong>Results:</strong> The concentration index for the incidence of TB according to the HDI was -0.32 (95% CI: -0.46, -0.17), -0.36 (95% CI: -0.49, -0.23), -0.37 (95% CI: -0.52, -0.22), and -0.36 (-0.52, -0.21) in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, respectively. The same pattern was observed for the incidence and prevalence of TB/HIV. The results showed that TB and TB/HIV mainly concentrated in countries with a lower HDI.<br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results of this study, the incidence of TB and TB/HIV and the prevalence of TB/HIV concentrated in the countries with a lower HDI. In addition, inequality in TB and HIV based on the HDI did not change from 2000 to 2015. Therefore, it seems that public health programs, especially in low-income countries, should be revised and the World Health Organization and the United Nations should provide more technical and financial help for these countries.<br>
Inequality, Tuberculosis, HIV, Human development index
275
280
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4089-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Batoul
Okhovat-Isfahani
okhovatb@yahoo.com
200319475328460062689
200319475328460062689
No
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Saeid
Bitaraf
drsbitaraf@yahoo.com
200319475328460062690
200319475328460062690
No
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Ali
Mansournia
mansournia_ma@yahoo.com
200319475328460062691
200319475328460062691
No
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Amin
Doosti-Irani
a.doosti@umsha.ac.ir
200319475328460062692
200319475328460062692
Yes
Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, & Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran