en Health Management and Economics Health Management and Economics Original Research Original Research <strong>Background: </strong>Iran is located in Asian esophageal cancer belt, with age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of approximately 7 per 100,000 for both men and women. To provide potential solution reco<a name="_GoBack"></a>mmendations for achieving accurate estimations regarding the burden of the disease in Iran, we designed a study to assess the burden of esophageal cancer in Iran during 1995-2015 by collecting data from the Global Burden of Disease studies.<br> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) during 1995-2015, which were published by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. For this purpose, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), incidence, and prevalence rate were applied to report burden of esophageal cancer based on gender and age group in Iran during 1995-2015. The Cochran-Armitage and t test were used to assess statistical significance. Stata Version 13 and Excel 2016 were used for data analysis.&nbsp;<br> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; Results:</strong> During 1995-2015, in total, 304 102 DALYs (179 562 for males vs. 124 540 for females) were attributed to esophageal cancer in Iran. In both genders and all ages, the number of DALYs increased significantly from 45 018 in 1995 to 74 399 in 2015.<br> <strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; Conclusion:</strong> Esophageal cancer is still a public health issue in Iran. Most of DALYs were due to years of life lost (YLL), suggesting the need for prevention, early detection, and screening programs. P-value was statistically significant just between male and female groups (p<0.05).<br> &nbsp; Esophageal cancer, Disability adjusted life years, Iran, Global burden of disease 321 326 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2686-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hojjat Rahmani hojjatrahmani@yahoo.com 200319475328460038549 200319475328460038549 No Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Sarabi Asiabar sarabi.a@iums.ac.ir 200319475328460038550 200319475328460038550 No Health Management and Economics Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Somayeh Niakan علی 200319475328460038551 200319475328460038551 No Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Yaser Hashemi s.yaser.hashemi@gmail.com 200319475328460038552 200319475328460038552 No Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran. Ahmad Faramarzi ahmadfaramarzi97@yahoo.com 200319475328460038553 200319475328460038553 Yes Department of Public Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. Sahar Manuchehri سحر منوچهری sahar_manuchehri@yahoo.com 200319475328460038554 200319475328460038554 No Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ghasem Rajabi Vasokolaei 200319475328460038555 200319475328460038555 No Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran & Scientific Research Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.