Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran
مجله پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Med J Islam Repub Iran
Medical Sciences
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir
2
journal2
1016-1430
2251-6840
8
10.18869/mjiri
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1400
10
1
gregorian
2022
1
1
36
1
online
1
fulltext
en
An Evaluation of Maximum Safe Practice Time of Iranian Musical Instruments to Protect Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Professionals
Otorhinolaryngology
Otorhinolaryngology
Original Research
Original Research
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Background: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most common causes of sensorineural hearing loss. The prevention of NIHL in musicians requires a better understanding of its contributing exposure factors. We aimed to determine typical sound exposure levels received by professional musicians during solitary practice and calculate the maximum safe practice time (MSPT) for the main Iranian musical instruments. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a cross-sectional study on 185 professional musicians (147 men and 38 women) between April 2018 and April 2019. The MSPT was calculated for each instrument if the mean sound level was below 85 dB in all musicians, and the music was considered a safe instrument; if it was >85 dB, it was considered a high-risk instruments and some other instruments had different mean sound level (in some participants <85 dB and some other players >85 dB), so these instruments were considered as borderline instruments. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> <b>Results:</b> The mean age of the participants was 36.66 ± 0.85 years and their mean daily practice time was 2.89 ± 0.13 hours. The daily practice was significantly higher in plucked string instruments as compared to other instruments (</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">p </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">< 0.001). The mean sound level of every instrument varied from 67.77 to 100.77 dB in the right ear and 67.20 to 100.12 dB in the left ear. The highest sound level was in sorna and the lowest one in zanburak. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> <b>Conclusion: </b>It seems musicians observe the MSPT of each instrument as much as possible. It is recommended to determine the comprehensive protocol for each instrument to prevent hearing loss in musicians.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced, Music Instrument, Iranian Musical Instruments
551
555
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-19-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Shahin
Rajaeih
shahin.rajaieh@gmail.com
200319475328460071308
200319475328460071308
No
ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fereshte
Kolyaie
f_kolyaie2007@yahoo.com
200319475328460071309
200319475328460071309
No
Skull Base Research Center, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, The Five Sense Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hesamaldin
Emamdjomeh
I_ci_c@yahoo.com
200319475328460071310
200319475328460071310
No
ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, The Five senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Elham
Feizabad
Elhamfeizabad@gmail.com
200319475328460071311
200319475328460071311
No
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hadi
Ghanbari
Ghanabri_MD@iums.ac.ir
200319475328460071312
200319475328460071312
Yes
ENT and Head and Neck Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, The Five senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran