Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran
مجله پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Med J Islam Repub Iran
Medical Sciences
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir
2
journal2
1016-1430
2251-6840
8
10.18869/mjiri
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1400
10
1
gregorian
2022
1
1
36
1
online
1
fulltext
en
The Relationship of COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality with the History of Influenza Vaccination
COVID 19
Original Research
Original Research
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Background: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">COVID-19 is currently the leading global health issue. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face challenges in supplying COVID-19 vaccines. To assess an adjunctive preventive measure for COVID-19 burden, we aimed to evaluate the relationship of influenza vaccination in the previous year with outcomes of COVID-19 in affirmed cases after adjustment for relevant factors.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> <b>Methods:</b> This prospective study was conducted using the provincial registry of confirmed COVID-19 cases in East-Azerbaijan province in North-West of Iran. The main outcomes were COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization. The influenza vaccination history in 2019 was collected by phone calls. Data analysis was done by SPSS software version 16, separately for healthcare workers and the general population. The logistic regression model was applied to compare the covariates in influenza vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> <b>Results:</b> From 1 March to 10 October 2020, 17,213 positive COVID-19 cases were registered, of which 916 patients were included. A total of 88 patients (9.6%) deceased due to COVID-19. Two hundred subjects (21.8%) reported receiving the influenza vaccine during the past year. Healthcare workers had a significantly higher vaccination rate than the general population (28.9% vs. 7.1%; </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"><0.001). After adjustment for socioeconomic and health covariates, the vaccinated cases in the general population had 84% lower odds of death (OR: 0.16; 95%CI: 0.05-0.60; </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">p</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">=0.017). In multivariate analysis, the influenza vaccination history in the previous year was not significantly related to the lower COVID-19 hospitalization rate.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> <b>Conclusion:</b> The flu vaccination rate was not optimal in our community. The flu vaccination can be an independent preventing factor for COVID-19 mortality in the general population. The influenza vaccine can be considered as an effective adjutant preventive countermeasure for the COVID-19 burden.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"></span></span></span></span></span></span>
COVID-19, Vaccines, Influenza, SARS-CoV-2, Mortality
928
935
http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4860-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Mehran
Seif-Farshad
seiffarshadm@tbzmed.ac.ir
200319475328460073000
200319475328460073000
No
Department of Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, & Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Mahasti
Alizadeh
alizadm@yahoo.com
200319475328460073001
200319475328460073001
No
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Simin
Khayatzadeh
siminkhaiatzadeh@yahoo.co.uk
200319475328460073002
200319475328460073002
No
East Azerbaijan Province Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Fariba
Heidari
fariba_heidari@hotmail.com
200319475328460073003
200319475328460073003
Yes
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, & Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran