Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran

en Epidemiology, Sociodemographic Factors and Comorbidity for Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma, and Rhinosinusitis Among 15 to 65-year-Old Iranian Patients Pulmonary Disease Pulmonary Disease Original Research Original Research Background: It is well established that upper and lower airways are often clumped together when diagnosing and treating a disease. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of upper and lower airway diseases and to assess the effect of sociodemographic factors on the prevalence and the comorbidity of these disorders.    Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study included patients with ages ranging between 15 to 65 years, who were referred to allergy outpatient clinics in various provinces of Iran from April to September 2020.  A modified global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN) screening questionnaire was filled out by local allergists of the 12 selected provinces in Iran.  Information about the patients and sociodemographic factors was also recorded. Statistical analysis was done by univariate statistical analyses and multiple logistic regressions in SPSS software Version 26.    Results: Out of 4988 recruited patients, 1078 (21.6%) had the symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) and 285 (5.7%) met the criteria of asthma. The prevalence of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) was 21.6 % and 22%, respectively. The highest prevalence of AR and ARS was in Tehran with the arateof of 33.9% each.  Asthma was more prevalent in Khuzestan (14.2%) and CRS in Baluchestan (57.5%). Our analysis showed that the patients with asthma were most likely to have other allergic diseases as well—CRS (OR = 4.8; 95% CI, 2.02- 5.82), AR (OR= 2.5, 95% CI, 2.10-3), ARS (OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 2.10-3), followed by eczema (OR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.13-1.67).We found that those individuals with CRS were most likely to have painkiller hypersensitivity (OR= 2.1; 95% CI, 1.21-3.83). Furthermore, smoking has been found more than 1.5 folds in patients with ARS. After adjusting variables, there was no correlation between education, occupation, and ethnicity with the studied diseases. Conclusion: Rhinosinusitis is a common condition among Iranian patients. This study confirmed that inflammation of the upper and lower airways can occur simultaneously. Gender, education, occupation, and ethnicity were found to be irrelevant in the development of either AR, asthma, ARS, or CRS. Rhinosinusitis, Epidemiology, Population, Asthma, Allergic rhinitis, Iran 975 983 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3576-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyed Hesamedin Nabavizadeh drhesamnabavi@yahoo.com 200319475328460074692 200319475328460074692 No Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mozhgan Moghtaderi moghtadery@sums.ac.ir 200319475328460074693 200319475328460074693 Yes Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Soheila Alyasin alyasins@sums.ac.ir 200319475328460074694 200319475328460074694 No Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Hossein Esmaeilzadeh esmailzadeh_ho@yahoo.com 200319475328460074695 200319475328460074695 No Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi Saeed.teshnizi@gmail.com 200319475328460074696 200319475328460074696 No Clinical Research Development Center of Children Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Farahzad Jabbari-Azad Jabbarif@mums.ac.ir 200319475328460074697 200319475328460074697 No Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Maral Barzegar-Amini Aminim1@mums.ac.ir 200319475328460074698 200319475328460074698 No Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Tooba Momen toobamomen@gmail.com 200319475328460074699 200319475328460074699 No Research Institute of Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Morteza Sadinejad Mortezasadinejad41@gmail.com 200319475328460074700 200319475328460074700 No Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Farhad Abolnezhadian abolnezhadian@yahoo.com 200319475328460074701 200319475328460074701 No Department of Pediatrics, Abuzar Children’s Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Sara Iranparast sara.iranparast@yahoo.com 200319475328460074702 200319475328460074702 No Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran & Student Research Committee, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Negin Namavari negin.namavari@gmail.com 200319475328460074703 200319475328460074703 No University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA Hamidreza Houshmand Hamidreza.houshmnd@gmail.com 200319475328460074704 200319475328460074704 No Department of Pediatrics Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia Iran Majid Sartipi msartipi@gmail.com 200319475328460074705 200319475328460074705 No Health Promotion Research Center, School of Public Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Mojgan Safari mo_sfr@yahoo.com 200319475328460074706 200319475328460074706 No Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Mohammad Hossein Eslamian mheslamian9@gmail.com 200319475328460074707 200319475328460074707 No Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Sepideh Darougar sepidehdarougar@yahoo.com 200319475328460074708 200319475328460074708 No Department of Pediatrics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Akefeh Ahmadiafshar akefeh45@zums.ac.ir 200319475328460074709 200319475328460074709 No Zanjan Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Mobina Amirsoleymani amirsoleymanimobina@gmail.com 200319475328460074710 200319475328460074710 No Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Ali Fouladvand Dr.fooladvand@yahoo.com 200319475328460074711 200319475328460074711 No Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Rahimi Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Abad, Iran Javad Ghaffari javadneg@yahoo.com 200319475328460074712 200319475328460074712 No Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Nasrin Bazargan Nasrin.bazargan@gmail.com 200319475328460074713 200319475328460074713 No Department of Pediatrics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Sarehossadat Ebrahimi Sareh.ebrahimi913@gmail.com 200319475328460074714 200319475328460074714 No Department of Pediatrics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Gholam Reza Sedighi gh.sedighi@kmu.ac.ir 200319475328460074715 200319475328460074715 No Department of Pediatric, Afzalipour Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Iraj Mohammadzadeh Irjmoh2000@yahoo.com 200319475328460074716 200319475328460074716 No Non-Communicable Pediatrics Diseases Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Mohammadmehdi Araghi araghi1390@gmail.com 200319475328460074717 200319475328460074717 No Department of Pediatrics, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran Behzad Darabi Behzad.darabi@gmail.com 200319475328460074718 200319475328460074718 No Department of Pediatrics, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Maryam Babaei maryambabaei531@gmail.com 200319475328460074719 200319475328460074719 No Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Shirzad Javidi Alesaadi ncdj@sums.ac.ir 200319475328460074720 200319475328460074720 No Deputy of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran