Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran

en Scoping Review of 5 Common Occupational Cancers and Their Related Exposures Epidemiology Epidemiology Review Article Review Article Background: Occupational cancers can be avoided by removing dangerous chemicals from the workplace or limiting occupational exposure. Approximately, 10 major risk factors account for 85% of all occupational cancers. This scoping review study aimed to determine the most important chemical carcinogens related to 5 known occupational cancers.    Methods: In this scoping review, we followed Arksey and O’Malley’s 5-step framework. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus) were systematically reviewed for relevant published papers from January 2000 to September 2021. Studies were included in this scoping review, which examined the effect of carcinogenic (definite and probable) chemical exposures on 5 known occupational cancers (lung, bladder, laryngeal, leukemia, and liver). We reported the types of occupational carcinogens, the geographical diversity of studies, extraction of relative risks (RRs), hazard ratios (HRs), or odds ratios (ORs), and identified gaps in the existing literature.    Results: The highest number of studies was related to lung cancer (LC) (n = 26), bladder cancer (BC) (n = 11), laryngeal cancer (LaC) (n = 8), leukemia (LeC) (n = 3), and primary liver cancer (PLC) (n = 2), respectively. Most studies were performed in France and Canada (n = 8), Germany (n = 4), Finland (n = 3), Netherlands (n = 2), and Finland (n = 2), respectively. Furthermore, the most common occupational chemical carcinogens associated with the 5 known occupational cancers were asbestos, benzene, crystalline silica, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and diesel motor exhausts (DME).    Conclusion: Although the attributable risk of occupational cancers in developing countries is much higher, a small proportion of studies were performed in these countries. Occupational Carcinogens, Cancer, Risk Factor, Developing Countries 628 645 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-798-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami Anaghibzadeh61@gmail.com 200319475328460072003 200319475328460072003 No Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Yahya Khosravi yakhosravi@yahoo.com 200319475328460072004 200319475328460072004 No Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Mahboubeh Es'haghi esaghij@gmail.com 200319475328460072005 200319475328460072005 No Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Ali-Akbar Haghdoost Ahaghdoost@kmu.ac.ir 200319475328460072006 200319475328460072006 Yes Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran