en Health Management and Economics Health Management and Economics Applicable Applicable <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><b>&nbsp;&nbsp;</b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">&nbsp; Background: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">In Iran, one of the most important and influential sources for financing the Primary Health Care (PHC )is the government budget. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the allocation of the PHC budget and evaluating the equality in the allocation of these resources.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp; <b>Methods: </b>In this applied descriptive-analytical study, the study population included all of Iran&#39;s 31 provinces. Data was gathered from the registered statistics of the Ministry of Health and the Iranian Statistics Center for the years 2021 and 2022. In this research, the Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve have been used to measure equality in the allocation of the PHC budget.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp; <b>Results:</b> The results showed that in 2022, the PHC budget increased by 50% compared to 2021. 20 provinces received less than the national average, and 11 provinces received more than the national average. The average allocation budget in urban areas in 2021 and 2022 is 596,452 and 854,936 million rials ($2,385,808 and $2,374,822), respectively. The average allocation budget in rural areas in 2021 and 2022 is 1,144,350 and 1,752,936 million rials, respectively ($4,577,400 and $4,869,267). The numerical value of the Gini coefficient for the budget allocation in 2021 and 2022 was 0.20 and 0.19, respectively.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp; <b>Conclusion:</b> The Gini coefficient shows that the allocation of the PHC budget is relatively unequal. Advocacy for the reallocation of resources in the health sector based on evidence and based on the deprivation coefficient of demographic groups is one of the most basic ways to support the more deprived and less developed provinces.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Primary Health Care budget, Equality, Gini Coefficient, Iran 638 645 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4835-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohsen Barouni mohsenbarooni@gmail.com 200319475328460089469 200319475328460089469 No Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Hossein Farshidi hfarshidi6@gmail.com 200319475328460089470 200319475328460089470 No Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Somayeh Karimi sk1369.him@gmail.com 200319475328460089471 0009-0001-5786-8594 No School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Arab arabmoha@tums.ac.ir 200319475328460089472 200319475328460089472 No Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamed Nazari h.nazari@behdasht.gov.ir 200319475328460089473 200319475328460089473 Yes 4. Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzaneh Ghasemi ghasemi.farzan2015@yahoo.com 200319475328460089474 200319475328460089474 No School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran