Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran

en The Impact of Empagliflozin on Inflammatory Markers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Endocrinology Endocrinology Original Research Original Research Background: Inflammation plays a significant role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, has shown some anti-inflammatory effects in patients with T2D. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of empagliflozin on some inflammatory markers in T2D.    Methods: This retrospective single-arm cohort study included 40 patients with T2D who were treated with empagliflozin. Inflammatory markers such as serum level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and serum albumin were evaluated at baseline and 12 weeks after empagliflozin treatment. Statistical analysis used paired samples t test, and the statistically significant level was considered P < 0.05.    Results: After 12 weeks, a significant reduction was found in ESR (17.75 ± 15.7 mm/hr to 14.72 ± 10.93 mm/hr; P = 0.025). However, the decrease in hs-CRP did not reach significance (P = 0.936).Background: Inflammation plays a significant role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, has shown some anti-inflammatory effects in patients with T2D. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of empagliflozin on some inflammatory markers in T2D.    Methods: This retrospective single-arm cohort study included 40 patients with T2D who were treated with empagliflozin. Inflammatory markers such as serum level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and serum albumin were evaluated at baseline and 12 weeks after empagliflozin treatment. Statistical analysis used paired samples t test, and the statistically significant level was considered P < 0.05.    Results: After 12 weeks, a significant reduction was found in ESR (17.75 ± 15.7 mm/hr to 14.72 ± 10.93 mm/hr; P = 0.025). However, the decrease in hs-CRP did not reach significance (P = 0.936). NLR did not show a significant reduction (P = 0.962), but there was a trend toward a significant decrease in PLR (107 ± 33 to 100 ± 35; P = 0.053). The neutrophil count did not change significantly (P = 0.247), but the lymphocyte count significantly increased (2.43 ± 7.85 to 2.57 ± 7.45 109/l; P = 0.014). Serum albumin showed a significant increase (42.8 ± 3.4 to 45.6 ± 3.2 g/l; P < 0.001), indicating a decrease in inflammation.    Conclusion: Empagliflozin showed anti-inflammatory effects by reducing ESR and PLR and increasing serum albumin and lymphocyte count in adults with T2D. Monitoring inflammatory markers can serve as an indicator of treatment effectiveness in T2D patients. NLR did not show a significant reduction (P = 0.962), but there was a trend toward a significant decrease in PLR (107 ± 33 to 100 ± 35; P = 0.053). The neutrophil count did not change significantly (P = 0.247), but the lymphocyte count significantly increased (2.43 ± 7.85 to 2.57 ± 7.45 109/l; P = 0.014). Serum albumin showed a significant increase (42.8 ± 3.4 to 45.6 ± 3.2 g/l; P < 0.001), indicating a decrease in inflammation.    Conclusion: Empagliflozin showed anti-inflammatory effects by reducing ESR and PLR and increasing serum albumin and lymphocyte count in adults with T2D. Monitoring inflammatory markers can serve as an indicator of treatment effectiveness in T2D patients.   Empagliflozin, Type 2 diabetes, Inflammatory 745 750 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8778-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hossein Samadanifard dr_samadanifard@yahoo.com 200319475328460089550 0009-0007-5604-6285 No Department of Endocrinology, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Zahra Barati zari.b1991@gmail.com 200319475328460089551 0009-0002-8943-9097 No Department of Endocrinology, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Amir Hossein Ghanooni ircms@yahoo.com 200319475328460089552 200319475328460089552 No Department of Endocrinology, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Delaram Eskandari del.eskandari@gmail.com 200319475328460089553 200319475328460089553 No Department of Endocrinology, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Amir Ziaee ziaee.dr@gmail.com 200319475328460089554 200319475328460089554 No Department of Endocrinology, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Haleh Chehrehgosha chehrehgosha.h@iums.ac.ir 200319475328460089555 200319475328460089555 Yes Department of Endocrinology, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Fatemeh Sarv fasarv@yahoo.com 200319475328460089556 200319475328460089556 No Department of Endocrinology, Hazrat Rasoul Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran Shadi Zahraei shadizahraei92@gmail.com 200319475328460089557 0009-0003-4318-4145 No Master’s Degree in Molecular Cell Microbiology