en Otorhinolaryngology Otorhinolaryngology Original Research Original Research <p> <strong> Abstract </strong></p><p> <strong> Background: </strong>Iatrogenic airway injury after endotracheal intubation and tracheotomy </p><p>  remains a serious clinical problem. In this study we reviewed post-intubation and traumatic tracheal stenosis in 47 patients with a special attention to the cause, hense surgical treatment of the stenosis was performed and the results compared with the literatures. </p><p> <strong> Methods: </strong>Since February 1995 through January 2005 a total of 47 patients with </p><p>  tracheal stenosis and subgllotic as a result of tracheostomy or intubation in a single </p><p>  institution, were explored in this study and examined for the outcomes of stenosis </p><p>  management. There were 39 tracheal and 8 infraglottic stenosis. Our management </p><p>  strategy for stenosis was end-to-end anastomosis, and cartilage graft tracheoplasty. </p><p> <strong> Results: </strong>Our management strategy for treatment of tracheal stenosis with resection </p><p>  and end-to-end anastomosis was associated with good outcomes. Patients were </p><p>  treated by tracheal or partial laryngotracheal resection. The overall success rate was </p><p>  93% with the complication rate of 18%. A second operation was required on 2 patients </p><p>  (4%). </p><p> <strong> Conclusions: </strong>Long term tracheal tubes or intubation tubes and poor quality material </p><p>  tubes were the most common causes of these respiratory strictures .Our current </p><p>  procedures of choice for tracheal stenosis is sleeve resection with end- to -end anastomosis for short- segment stenoses (up to six rings). Cartilaginous homograft was </p><p>  performed when the loss the cartilage limited to the anterior part of trachea. The most </p><p>  common late complication was the formation of the granulations at the suture line. </p><p>  Granulation tissues can usually be managed with Laser or bronchoscopic removal. </p><p>  </p> Tracheoplasty, tracheal Stenosis, tracheal Anastomosis, tracheal resection 132 138 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-74&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Naeimi dr.naeimi@gmail.com 20031947532846001833 20031947532846001833 Yes Department of Otolaryngology, Ghaem Medical Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Masoud Naghibzadeh 20031947532846001834 20031947532846001834 No Department of Otolaryngology, Ghaem Medical Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran Nematollah Mokhtari 20031947532846001835 20031947532846001835 No Department of Otolaryngology, Ghaem Medical Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran Shervin Shiri 20031947532846001836 20031947532846001836 No Department of Otolaryngology, Ghaem Medical Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran Sadegh Golparvar 20031947532846001837 20031947532846001837 No Ghaem Medical Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.