en Neurosurgery Neurosurgery Review Article Review Article <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Background: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Acute epidural hematoma (AEDH) is a critical condition commonly resulting from trauma, particularly in young males aged 20 to 30 years. It arises from the accumulation of blood between the dura mater and the skull, leading to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and various neurological symptoms. Early mechanisms, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shift and vasoconstriction, temporarily stabilize ICP, but as the hematoma grows, these compensatory processes fail. This failure results in a rapid progression of symptoms, including localized pain, nausea, vomiting, and, in severe cases, loss of consciousness or herniation. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL" style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><b>&nbsp;&nbsp; </b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> Clinical presentations depend on the compression location, such as the &ldquo;talk and die&rdquo; phenomenon in posterior fossa AEDH or motor impairments due to subfalcine herniation. Advanced stages are marked by Cushing&rsquo;s triad and posturing changes, indicating imminent herniation. Prompt recognition and intervention, typically surgical evacuation through craniotomy for indicated cases, are crucial for preventing mortality. Medical management focuses on controlling ICP through positioning and osmotic agents. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL" style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><span style="font-style:italic"><b>&nbsp;&nbsp; </b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Conclusion</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">: Awareness of clinical symptoms and rapid treatment are vital for improving patient outcomes in this potentially fatal disorder.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Acute Epidural Hematoma (AEDH), Intracranial Pressure (ICP), Brain Herniation, Management 76 80 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8987-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar v_rahimi@sina.tums.ac.ir 200319475328460088237 200319475328460088237 Yes Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamid Bahmani hamidbahmani2012@gmail.com 200319475328460088238 0009-0002-8640-1050 No Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohsen Hajiqasemi mohsenhajiqasemi@gmail.com 200319475328460088239 0009-0002-9471-8891 No School of Medicine, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran