Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran

en Comparative Effectiveness of Face-to-Face Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Combined Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Face-to-Face + Web-Based Application) on Maladaptive Perfectionism in College Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Psychology Clinical Psychology Original Research Original Research Background: The effectiveness of integrating a self-help training application with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating maladaptive perfectionism remains unclear. This study evaluated the impact of combining CBT with a web-based program versus CBT alone on psychological outcomes in college students with maladaptive perfectionism.    Methods: This study involved 52 participants randomized to a 10-week intervention of either CBT or CBT combined with a web-based application. Outcomes assessed included perfectionism, depression, anxiety, stress, psychological well-being, procrastination, and life satisfaction, measured through self-reporting at baseline, posttreatment, and 3 follow-ups. Data analyses utilized independent t tests, chi-square tests for preintervention differences, and repeated mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate intervention effects over time, with effect sizes calculated using η².    Results: Participants had a mean age of 27.85 years (SD, 4.94), were predominantly female (n = 34; 74%), mostly single (n = 29; 73.9%), and held a master's degree (n = 20; 43.5%). Overall, 52 participants were randomized into 2 groups, with 26 participants in each group. Of these, 23 participants from each group completed the treatment and follow-up periods. The CBT combined with an App group demonstrated superior effectiveness in addressing perfectionism and improving interpersonal sensitivity, striving for excellence, and high standards for others compared with CBT alone. In addition, this combined treatment was significantly better than CBT in reducing stress, increasing psychological well-being, and improving life satisfaction.    Conclusion: Integrating a web-based self-help application with CBT effectively reduces maladaptive perfectionism and associated psychopathology, highlighting the potential benefits of combining digital tools with traditional therapeutic approaches.   Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Maladaptive Perfectionism, Students, Application, Iran 230 239 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-9112-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Gelavizh Mohammadi Psy.mohammadi@gmail.com 200319475328460091096 200319475328460091096 No Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Aliasghar Asgharnezhadfarid asgharnejadfarid.as@iums.ac.ir 200319475328460091097 200319475328460091097 No Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Komeil Zahedi Tajrishi Zahedi.k@iums.ac.ir 200319475328460091098 200319475328460091098 Yes Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Banafshe Gharaee b.gharraee@gmail.com 200319475328460091099 200319475328460091099 No 1. Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Moloodi k.moloodi@gmail.com 200319475328460091100 200319475328460091100 No Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences., Tehran, Iran