en Physiology Physiology Original Research Original Research <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Background: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with chronic inflammation, reflected by elevated markers like Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR).These inflammatory markers contribute to increased risk of complications related to poor glycemic control in T2DM. Understanding the interplay of metabolic and inflammatory factors in T2DM is crucial for improving prevention, diagnosis, and management strategies.&nbsp; This study was aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of NLR, PLR, IL-6, and HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus versus healthy controls within the Kashmiri population.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp; Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> A Comparative study was conducted with 600 subjects, comprising 300 T2DM patients and 300 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Biochemical markers including IL-6, NLR, PLR, and HbA1c were measured using standard methods. The association between these markers and glycemic control, obesity, and hematological parameters was assessed. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp; Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> T2DM patients exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-6, NLR, and PLR compared to controls (</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">P</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">=0.001). Obese diabetic patients had markedly elevated inflammatory markers compared to non-obese diabetic patients. Higher HbA1c levels strongly correlated with increased IL-6, NLR, and PLR (</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">P</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">=0.001). IL-6 also showed significant associations with WBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, indicating a link between chronic inflammation and hematological disturbances in T2DM.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:13pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-style:italic"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal">&nbsp;&nbsp; Conclusion:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-style:normal"> The study concludes that the elevated inflammatory markers in T2DM patients, particularly among obese individuals are closely associated with poor glycemic control reflecting the chronic inflammation in T2DM. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive management approach in T2DM. Regular monitoring of these inflammatory markers may help predict complications and guide therapeutic interventions.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span> Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Inflammation, cytokines, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes 372 380 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-250-8&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Naira Taban naira223@gmail.com 200319475328460090329 0009-0006-1954-3357 Yes Department of Physiology, Govt Medical College, Srinagar Mohammad Hayat Bhat hayatmb@rediffmail.com 200319475328460090330 200319475328460090330 No Department of Endocrinology, Govt Super Specialty Hospital, Govt Medical College, Srinagar Sheikh Imran Sayeed imransayeed89@gmail.com 200319475328460090331 200319475328460090331 No Department of Physiology, Govt Medical College, Srinagar Sabhiya Majid sabumajid@yahoo.com 200319475328460090332 200319475328460090332 No Department of Biochemistry, Govt Medical College, Srinagar SuhailShafi Lone suhaillone25@gmail.com 200319475328460090333 200319475328460090333 No Department of Biochemistry, Govt Medical College, Srinagar Maha Muzaffar maha.muzaffar94@gmail.com 200319475328460090334 0009-0008-8234-2683 No Department of Physiology, Govt Medical College, Srinagar AnamShameem Hakak anamshameem21@gmail.com 200319475328460090335 0009-0009-6807-1896 No Department of Physiology, Govt Medical College, Srinagar Mahpara Nyiem peermahpara@gmail.com 200319475328460090336 0009-0006-9219-4544 No Department of Physiology, Govt Medical College, Srinagar Haamid Bashir haamidb7@gmail.com 200319475328460090337 200319475328460090337 No Department of Biochemistry, Govt Medical College, Srinagar