en Oncology Oncology Original Research Original Research Eighteen patients, twelve men and six women, with aplastic anemia underwent allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA-matched siblings during the period of 1990 to 1996. The conditioning regimen was cyclophosphamide with or without busulfan, depending on the cause of aplasia. Antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) and cyclosporine were used for rejection and acute GVHD prophylaxis, respectively. Eleven patients are alive (61 %) and seven (39%) died. Twelve patients developed acute GVHD. We found an inverse relationship between the incidence of acute GVHD and the number of units of transfused packed cells and platelets before BMT (p<O.OI). We could not find an association between the incidence of chronic GVHD and age or a positive history of acute GVHD. The time of cellular recovery (WBC> 1000, PLT> 100000) after BMT was inversely related to the total number of cells transplanted (p<0.05). Aplastic anemia, Bone marrow transplantation 217 220 http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-298-448&slc_lang=en&sid=1 P NASSERI 20031947532846004756 20031947532846004756 Yes From the BMT Unit, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. A GHAVAMZADEH 20031947532846004757 20031947532846004757 No M JAHANI 20031947532846004758 20031947532846004758 No A KHODABANDEH 20031947532846004759 20031947532846004759 No I BAYBORDI 20031947532846004760 20031947532846004760 No M MOHYEDDIN 20031947532846004761 20031947532846004761 No G GHAHREMANI 20031947532846004762 20031947532846004762 No