Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI)
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Thu, Jul 17, 2025
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Volume 39, Issue 1 (1-2025)
Med J Islam Repub Iran 2025 |
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Fajrunni’mah R, Sadikin M, Wibowo H, Gunarti D. Factors Associated with Vitamin A and Vitamin D Profiles among Stunted Children in Bogor, Indonesia. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2025; 39 (1) :665-673
URL: http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-9689-en.html
URL: http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-9689-en.html
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia & Center of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia , msadikin@fk.ui.ac.id
Abstract: (56 Views)
Background: Stunting or stunted is a condition of chronic nutritional deficiency that remains a problem to this day. Vitamin A and D deficiencies can be one of the causes, although there are still differing findings regarding it. This study aims to investigate the levels of vitamins A, D, and their carrier proteins in relation to the characteristics of the subject.
Methods: This study is an exploratory analytical research with a cross-sectional design from 80 samples of venous blood from children aged 24 to 36 months in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Retinol concentrations were quantified utilizing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), whilst retinol binding protein (RBP), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH(D)), and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data was analyzed using SPSS software with independent t-test/ Mann-Whitney, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/ Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests. Statistical significance was considered at 0.05.
Results: The findings revealed no substantial differences in retinol (P=0.24), RBP (P=0.492), and DBP (P=0.332) between stunted and control children. However, 25(OH)D was markedly elevated in the stunted group relative to the control group (P=0.007). High vitamin D status may correlate with currently breastfeeding and consumption of vitamin D supplements in stunted children. Conversely, the levels of vitamins A and D were significantly lower in the control group who continued to receive breast milk compared to children who had been weaned.
Conclusion: Vitamin A in the stunted group tends to be the same as that of the control group. High levels of vitamin D were found in the group of stunted children. Additional investigation is required into the mechanism of vitamin D metabolism in stunted children.
Methods: This study is an exploratory analytical research with a cross-sectional design from 80 samples of venous blood from children aged 24 to 36 months in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Retinol concentrations were quantified utilizing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), whilst retinol binding protein (RBP), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OH(D)), and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data was analyzed using SPSS software with independent t-test/ Mann-Whitney, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/ Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests. Statistical significance was considered at 0.05.
Results: The findings revealed no substantial differences in retinol (P=0.24), RBP (P=0.492), and DBP (P=0.332) between stunted and control children. However, 25(OH)D was markedly elevated in the stunted group relative to the control group (P=0.007). High vitamin D status may correlate with currently breastfeeding and consumption of vitamin D supplements in stunted children. Conversely, the levels of vitamins A and D were significantly lower in the control group who continued to receive breast milk compared to children who had been weaned.
Conclusion: Vitamin A in the stunted group tends to be the same as that of the control group. High levels of vitamin D were found in the group of stunted children. Additional investigation is required into the mechanism of vitamin D metabolism in stunted children.
Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25OH(D), D Binding Protein, Retinol Binding Protein, Retinol serum, Stunting
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Biochemistry and Nutrition
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