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Showing 8 results for KALANi
DETECTION OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF SUSPECTED CHILDREN WITH MENINGITIS BYPCR
F.a. Nakhjavani, F. Bonakdar Hashemi, M.t. Kalani, B. Kazemi, K. Nouri, N. Azadi, M. Haghi Ashtiani, M. Aligholi, U. Erfani, M. Abedini,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (8-2005)
Abstract
 

ABSTRACT

 

Background: A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with primers from "hpd" gene was compared with culture for the detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in CSF samples from children suspected of meningitis.

 

Methods: 300 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from suspected meningitis cases were studied by culture (Leventhal & Chocolate Agar) and PCR.

 

Results: The latter method could detect Hib in all 5 culture positive and in 2 of 295 culture negative cases, showing sensitivity, specificity, and an accuracy index of 100%, 99% and 99%, respectively. The PCR result was available within a day.

 

Conclusion: This study has shown that PCR is a rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic test for Hib from CSF samples. Futthermore, to maximize management of meningitis cases to reduce the morbidity, mortality, and complications of invasive Hib infection a combination of culture and PCR is necessary for the detection ofHib infection. The incidence ofHib meningitis among children in Children's Medical Center in Tehran based on culture and PCR results were 2.4% and 1.7% respectively. Based on culture results, Hib causes 15.6% of all cases ofbacte1ial meningitis in children.

 
Effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on serum aminotransferase levels and insulin resistance
Seyed Hamid Moosavy, Hossein Froutan, Nader Faiazi, Parisa Adimi, Yasir Andrabi, Mohsen Nasiri Toosi, Mohamad Kalani,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (2-2011)
Abstract

 Abstract

 Bckground: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at risk of developing the

 fatty liver as a result of being overweight. Several studies suggest that OSA per se could be a

 risk factor for liver injury and ischemic hepatitis with OSA. The OSA is an independent

 risk factor for Insulin resistance. Therefore, we investigated liver enzymes and insulin resistance

 in patients with OSA, and compared with controls.

 Methods: Eighty-one consecutive patients with clinical suspicion of OSA were referred

 to the Sleep Unit of Masih Daneshvary hospital. On the basis of Polysomnography results

 patients were divided into two groups: The OSA and non-OSA cases, and also patients without

 OSA were used as internal controls. The Serum levels of liver enzymes were measured

 in all patients and abdominal ultrasound examination performed for screening the fatty liver

 and its grading. Insulin resistance was calculated via homeostasis model assessment

 (HOMA).

 Results: The OSA was present in 41 and absent in 40 patients. Age, sex and body mass

 indices were not significantly different in two groups. The mean of alanine aminotransferase

 (ALT) was 31.24±14.05 IU/L in OSA and 29.97±8.9 IU/L in non-OSA (p= 0.349)

 and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was 29.07±9.6 IU/L in OSA and 26.85±6.7 IU/L in

 non-OSA (p= 0.389). The mean of HOMA was 2.05±18.2 in OSA and 1.5±0.54 in non-OSA

 (p< 0.001).

 Conclusion: This study shows that OSA, independent of overweight conditions, is not a

 risk factor for abnormal liver enzymes. However, the OSA per se seems to be associated

 with increase in insulin resistance and severity of fatty liver.


Lead toxicity: a probable cause of abdominal pain in drug abusers
Hossein Froutan, Alireza Kashefi Zadeh, Mohammad Kalani, Yasir Andrabi,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (5-2011)
Abstract

  Abstract

  Background: Lead toxicity is caused by ingestion, inhalation, or contact with particles or vapors containing lead. It can present with nonspecific signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, constipation, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and anemia. In this study, we have tried to find a relationship between lead poisoning and drug abuse.

  Methods: In a cross sectional study, drug addicts presenting with abdominal pain referring to GI center of

  Imam Khomeini hospital in 2008 were observed. Patients having occupational contact with lead were excluded from the study. Required data included age, sex, clinical findings, Para clinic results and blood lead level. Results were analyzed through SPSS-15 software.

  Results: 42 patients (all male) with average age of 46.9 ± 10.1 years were included in the study. Average

  blood lead level was 51.17±27.96µg/dl. 22 patients (52.6%) had lead toxicity. A significant relation was found between lead toxicity and mode of opium drug use however relation between lead toxicity and duration of addiction was not significant. Similarly, a meaningful relation was found between lead toxicity and abnormal liver function test, urine tests, ECG, presence of basophilic stippling and hyperuricemia.

  Conclusion: There seems to be a significant relation between opium drug abuse and lead toxicity. Further

  studies with more cases and ethnicities are needed.

 


Double-balloon Enteroscopy: The results of a new experience in Iran
Nader Roushan, Hossein Froutan, Reza Taslimi, Mohammad Kalani, Azita Ganji, Sodaif Darvish Moghaddam, Mohammad Jafar Farahvash, Zahra Khazaeipour,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract

  Background : Approach to the small intestine has been difficult even with newer methods. Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) has been created for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in diseases of the small intestine. Small intestinal diseases have different etiologies in each country. The DBE has been introduced in recent years in Iran. Our aim was to study the indications and results of DBE in some academic centers in Iran.

  Methods: Fifty-five patients with symptoms and signs related to small intestine without definitive diagnosis but with previous workup were enrolled in the study. The DBE was performed in three different medical universities in Iran.

  Results: The mean age of the patients that underwent the DBE was 47.2 ± 17.3 years. Abdominal pain (54.5%) and occult gastrointestinal bleeding (23.6%) were the most common presentations. Small bowel lesions were detected in 26 patients (47.3%) the most common lesions were ulcer (46.2%) and polyps (19.2%). Crohn’s disease (12.7%) was the commonest diagnosis found in DBE procedure. Patients presenting with abdominal pain or lower hemoglobin level were more likely to be diagnosed (both p≤ 0.05). Small intestinal diseases were ultimately diagnosed in 47.3% of the patients. Twenty percent of the patients had another disease outside the small bowel.

  Conclusions: DBE is an effective and relatively safe diagnostic and therapeutic option for small bowel evaluations. Accurate selection of patients and more experience technicians and physicians will improve the efficacy of this procedure in Iran .


Manipulation of IL-10 gene expression by Toxoplasma gondii and its products
Nader Pestechian, Hosein Khanahmad Shahreza, Roghiyeh Faridnia, Hamed Kalani,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract

Background: This study was designed to evaluate whether or not T. gondii and its derivatives can change the gene expression level of IL-10 in murine leukocytes in vivo.

  Methods: Fifty BALB/c mice were divided into 5 groups, four of which received the excretory/secretory product (ESP) from cell culture medium, the ESP from cell free medium, the Toxoplasma lysate product (TLP) and the active tachyzoites, respectively. The fifth group was considered as control and received PBS. The peritoneal leukocytes from the mice were collected. Their total RNA were extracted and converted to cDNA and the gene expression levels of IL-10 in the samples were evaluated by quantitative real time-PCR using the REST-2009 software.

  Results: The findings showed a decrease in the expression level of IL-10 in the TLP group (p=0.004). Moreover, the IL-10 gene expression level was upregulated in the group of the ESP from cell culture medium (p=0.04) and the active tachyzoite group (p=0.04). The expression of IL-10 gene in the group of ESP from cell-free medium was not significant compared to the control one (p=0.45).

  Conclusion: T. gondii and its derivatives are able to increase (the active T. gondii tachyzoite and the ESP from cell culture medium) and decrease (the TLP) the gene expression level of IL-10 in a murine model. The question remains to be examined in further study about which molecules are involved in this process.


Prevalence of vaginolysin, sialidase and phospholipase genes in Gardnerella vaginalis isolates between bacterial vaginosis and healthy individuals
Rokhsareh Mohammadzadeh, Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani, Maryam Kashanian, Mojgan Oshaghi, Nour Amirmozafari,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
    Background: Gardnerella vaginalis is considered as the predominant microorganism found in bacterial vaginosis (BV). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of virulence factors in G. vaginalis associated with BV or non-BV cases and their correlations with this disorder.
    Methods: A total of 102 vaginal specimens were collected from patients during their visit to Akbar Abadi hospital in Tehran, Iran. Bacterial vaginosis was determined by Nugent score and Amsel’s criteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection of G. vaginalis 16S rRNA, vaginolysin, sialidase and phospholipase genes. To evaluate the association between the presence of vly, pho, and sld genes and BV. Pearson Chi-square test was applied using SPSS software. P-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant.
   Results: Totally, 27.4% of the patients were suffering from BV. Gardnerella vaginalis was found in 100% women with BV and in 56.7% women with normal vaginal discharge. The prevalence of vly, sld and pho genes in BV-associated G. vaginalis was 10 (35.7%) (95% CI [0.18, 0.53]), 19 (67.8%) (95% CI [0.51, 0.85]) and 6 (21.4%) (95% CI [0.06, 0.37]), respectively. The prevalence of the aforementioned genes in non-BV associated G. vaginalis was 20 (47.6%) (95% CI [0.33, 0.63]), 28 (66.6%) (95% CI [0.52, 0.81]), and 5 (11.9%) (95% CI [0.02, 0.22]), respectively. Our results showed no statistically significant association between the presence of the virulence genes and BV associatedness of this microorganism.
   Conclusion: Our results showed the presence of G. vaginalis in all BV patients and relatively high prevalence in healthy individuals. The prevalence rates of the three virulence genes were different in BV and non-BV associated G. vaginalis; however, the differences were not statistically significant.  
Management of colon and rectal cancers during COVID-19 pandemic: A clinical guideline (TUMS-CRC-CoV19 Guideline)
Mohammad Reza Keramati, Behnam Behboudi, Seyed Mohsen Ahmadi-Tafti, Alireza Kazemeini, Amir Keshvari, Faeze Salahshour, Mahdi Aghili, Foroogh Alborzi, Najmeh Aletaha, Mohammad Babaei, Mohammad Naeem Bangash, Nasser Ebrahimi-Daryani, Amir Hossein Emami, Farshid Farhan, Peiman Haddad, Mohammad Kalani, Amirhosein Naseri, Farhad Shahi, Mohammad Sadegh Fazeli,
Volume 34, Issue 1 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background: In a resource-demanding COVID-19 pandemic, guidelines can free up health care resources needed for providing better care to those with COVID-19 and other patients. This study was performed to design a guideline to manage patients with colorectal cancers during the COVID-19pandemic.
   Methods: To design this guideline, major topics and headings of colon and rectal cancers (CRC) were selected and included. Based on the extent of COVID-19 infection in the community and availability of hospital resources, the guideline has been designed for 2 major COVID-19 phases. Several multidisciplinary discussion sessions were held to review the comments of experts, finalize the data, and write the guideline.
   Results: This guideline has been prepared in 2 main COVID-19 phases of the community/hospital. Phase A refers to the condition where a large number of COVID-19 patients are admitted to the hospital, but limited surgical ICU beds and facilities are still accessible. In phase B, many people are affected by COVID-19, and all hospital resources are allocated for COVID 19 patients. In phase A, 4 major groups are discussed, including malignant and suspicious colorectal polyps, colon cancers, rectal cancers, and recurrent cancers. The approach to emergent cases, including obstruction, bleeding, and perforation, will be presented in phase B.
   Conclusion: This guideline is a comprehensive instruction on the approach to colorectal cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic that covers the major topics of colon and rectal cancers in detail.
The effect of oxygen inhalation on cardiac biomarkers in patients presenting with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction: A randomized clinical trial
Fatemeh Poorahmadieh, Naiire Salmani, Zohre Kalani,
Volume 35, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: It is assumed giving oxygen to patients with acute myocardial infraction may increase the oxygenation of the ischemic tissue; however, the usefulness of oxygen in these patients has become a challenging topic. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the effect of oxygen inhalation on cardiac biomarkers in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
   Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 2 groups of intervention and control within 2 days of admission to critical care unit (CCU). A total of 64 patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction who referred to Zeyaei hospital, Ardakan, were selected using simple random sampling. In the intervention group, the pulse oximetry was monitored and they only breathed regular air and received supplemental oxygen in case their oxygen level dropped below 94%. The levels of creatine kinase-MB and troponin I enzymes were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 through repeated measure ANOVA, t test, and chi-squared test. Significance level was set at 0.05.
   Results: This study showed that during the 48 hours of hospitalization, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the levels of creatine kinase-MB (p=0.509) and troponin I (p=0.604).
   Conclusion: Since the level of cardiac biomarkers is a sign of the extent of infracted area, it is assumed receiving supplemental oxygen in patients with acute myocardial infarction has no effect on decreasing the infracted area.
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