Showing 8 results for Kashanian
Shadab Shahali, Maryam Kashanian, Afsaneh Azari, Reza Salehi,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (11-2010)
Abstract
Absract
Background: Stress urinary incontinence is a common problem in the middleaged
women and can affect their quality of life. This study evaluated the effects of
pelvic floor muscle exercise on quality of life outcomes in women with stress urinary
incontinence .
Methods: After baseline evaluation, 50 women were assigned for this clinical trial .
Participants were instructed to do pelvic floor muscle exercises for 3 months and
their quality of life measured before and 3 months after intervention .
Results: forty-six women completed the trial. Significant difference in the quality
of life scores (P<0.0001) were noted in women with stress urinary incontinence, after
12 weeks .
Conclusion: 12 weeks of pelvic floor muscle exercises significantly improved
quality of life outcomes in women with stress urinary incontinence .
Mashaallah Kazemzadeh, Maryam Kashanian, Bita Baha, Narges Sheikhansari,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background : Hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) is one of the many problems during pregnancy its etiology has not been clearly understood. Inflammatory factors like helicobacter pylori infection has been considered as a risk factor in some studies. The purpose of the present study is to find a relationship between Helicobacter Pylori (H.P) infection and hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG).
Methods: A case control study was performed on two groups of pregnant women who were in the first trimester of their pregnancies. Case group were pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum and control group were pregnant women with the same gestational age but without hyperemesis gravidarum. In both groups, IgG for H.P was measured and compared between the 2 groups.
Results: Totally, 175 pregnant women were evaluated 78 women with HEG and 97 without. Both groups had no statistically significant difference according to age, gestational age, gravidity, and body mass index (BMI). 51 women out of 78 (65.4%) in HEG group and 43 women (44.3%) in the control group were IgG positive for HP, which showed a significant difference (p=0.005) OR= 2.37, CI 95%= 1.28-4.38.
Also, mean serum level of IgG was higher in the HEG group (42.1 ± 3.75 VS 32.6 ± 3.65, p= 0.05).
Between the different variables of age, gestational age, gravidity and HP infection, only HP infection was found as a risk factor for HEG using logistic regression model (p=0.011) OR= 2.522, CI 95%= 1.23-5.14.
Conclusion: HP infection is higher in HEG cases and may be considered as its risk factor.
Yousef Moradi, Hamid Reza Baradaran, Maryam Yazdandoost, Shahla Atrak, Maryam Kashanian,
Volume 29, Issue 1 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background: Burnout is currently a major concern among physicians due to their high level of stress at work. There are several reports on various levels of burnout in residency programs due to several predisposing factors. The aim of this systematic review was to estimate a more precise prevalence of burnout among residents of obstetrics and gynecology.
Methods: PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus were searched to identify peer-reviewed English-language studies published from January 1974 to 2005 reporting burnout among residents of obstetrics and gynecology. The key words used in the search were as follows: Residents, gynecology and obstetrics, professional burnout, depersonalization, distress, anxiety, or emotional exhaustion. Relevant additional articles were identified from the lists of the retrieved articles.
Results: We identified 12 studies which met our criteria. A total of 2509 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence rate of burnout on all the three subscales was 44% (95% CI: 30 - 57) in this group of residents.
Conclusion:This meta-analysis revealed a high prevalence of burnout syndrome in residents during obstetrics and gynecology residency program. Therefore, it is recommended to consider and address this important issue to develop solutions and interventions which could improve the work condition of the medical residents.
Maryam Kashanian, Elaheh Sariri, Mansoureh Vahdat, Maryam Ahmari, Yousef Moradi, Narges Sheikhansari,
Volume 29, Issue 1 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the present study was to compare the serum levels of IL6 and CA125 in women with and without endometriosis. They were also compared in mild, moderate and severe cases.
Methods: In this case-control study, CA125 and IL6 levels in 76 women with laparoscopic proven endometriosis were compared with 76 women without evidence of endometriosis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were then calculated for each test.
Results: Both groups did not show significant difference in their age, BMI, ESR and gravidity. Mean serum levels of IL-6 and CA125 were significantly higher in the case group (30.4±6.43 vs 13.9±3.17 Pg/ml and 62.6±10.69 vs 16.6±1.79 IU/ml respectively). Considering a cutoff point of 30 Pg/ml for IL-6, sensitivity, specifically, PPV and NPV value of 21.1%, 66.6%, 86.8% and 23.37% were obtained, respectively. Considering a cutoff point of 35 IU/ml for CA125, sensitivity, specifically, PPV and NPV were 44.76%, 94.73%, 89.47% and 63.15%, respectively. Area under the ROC curve was 0.69 for CA125 and 0.54 for IL6, which showed a low value for these tests.
Conclusion: Although CA125 and IL-6 were higher than normal controls in endometriosis, area under the ROC curve, did not show significant any diagnostic value for these tests.
Mansoureh Vahdat, Elaheh Sariri, Maryam Kashanian, Zahra Najmi, Alireza Mobasseri, Mahjabin Marashi, Behnaz Mohabbatian, Shideh Ariana, Yousef Moradi,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Müllerian anomalies are associated with infertility. Hysteroscopy as the gold standard for evaluating Müllerian anomalies is an invasive, expensive and risky procedure which requires enough experience. Transvaginal sonography (TVS) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) are less invasive procedures, but there is little known about the accuracy of these tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the combination of TVS and HSG with hysteroscopy as the gold standard.
Methods: Medical records of infertile women who were undertaken all three diagnostic modalities were reviewed to analyze their sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).
Results: Ninety-nine infertile women were assessed with a mean±SD age of 29.1±6.47 years, mean±SD duration of themarriage of 8.9±10.28 years, and mean±SD duration of infertility of 5.6± 4.16 years. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of TVS were 98.55%, 30%, 76.4%, and 90%, respectively. HSG had a sensitivity of 95.6%, specificity of 60%, PPV of 84.62%, and NPV of 85.71%.When both modalities were combined, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 94.2, 66.67, 86.67, and 83.33%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of single TVS, HSG or combined techniques was statistically similar that was equal to 77.7, 84.8 and 85.8 % respectively.
Conclusion: The accuracy of combination of two diagnostic modalities, 2D TVS and HSG is not higher than HSG alone for assessing uterine malformation in infertile women.
Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi, Maryam Kashanian, Elaheh Arab, Narges Sheikhansari, Raihaneh Arab,
Volume 31, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is one of the most important periods of a woman’s life and is influenced by many different factors. For years, it was assumed that teenage pregnancy can cause poor pregnancy outcome.
The purpose of this study was to compare some pregnancy complications between 2 groups of 15 to 19 and 20 to 35 year- old primigravida pregnant women
Methods: This was a cross- sectional study conducted on the data sheets of primigravida women who delivered their babies in a teaching hospital. A total of 3040 eligible women entered the study; of them, 280 (9.3%) were in the 15 to 19 years age group and 2756 in the 20 to 35 years age group. The 2 groups were compared for preeclampsia, PROM, preterm birth, SGA, placental abruption, and placenta previa. A logistic regression model was used for data analysis.
Results: The women of the 2 groups significantly differed in BMI and socioeconomic background. The rate of preeclampsia (p=0.008), PROM (p=0.002), and preterm delivery (p=0.001) were less in the 15 to 19 years age group. The rate of placental abruption, placenta previa, IUFD, and SGA was not significantly different between the 2 groups. After multivariate regression analysis, preeclampsia (adjusted odd ratio= 2.157; 95% CI= 1.38- 4.21) and preterm delivery (adjusted odd ratio= 2.443; 95% CI= 1.78- 5.13) were found to be higher in the 20 to 35 years group.
Conclusion: The risk of poor pregnancy outcome is not higher in teenage pregnancies compared to pregnancies in the 20 to 35 years age group if confounding factors, including socioeconomic factors, are carefully controlled.
Maryam Kashanian, Shohreh Bahasadri, Ashraf Nejatdehcordi, Narges Sheikhansari, Noushin Eshraghi,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Different methods of cervical ripening and induction of labor have been used in the cases of unfavorable cervix with different levels of success, but no method has been found to be the best option. The purpose of the present study was to find the effects and side effects of three different methods of cervical ripening and induction of labor. These three methods were oral titrated misoprostol, constant dose of oral misoprostol and Foley catheter with extra-amniotic saline infusion.
Methods: This clinical trial was performed on women with unfavorable cervix who had been admitted in Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital for induction of labor and had bishop score of less than six; between March 2014- March 2015. The eligible women were assigned into three groups. In titrated oral misoprostol group (n=33), titrated solution of misoprostol, and in oral misoprostol group (n=33), 50µg oral misoprostol every four hours and in Foley catheter group (n=50), Foley catheter with extra-amniotic saline infusion were administered. The main outcome was the number of vaginal deliveries during the first 24 hours. In addition, number of cesarean deliveries and adverse effects were compared between the three groups. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software. Data analysis was performed according to the intention to treat principle. Chi-square test, Fisher Exact test, Student t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test, were used for comparing data. P-value≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The three groups did not have any significant difference according to maternal age, gestational age at the time of admission, gravidity, parity, and primary Bishop Score. There was no significant difference between the three groups for the main outcome, which was vaginal delivery during the first 24 hours (p=0.887). There was no significant difference between the three groups according to hypertonicity, uterine hyperstimulation, meconium passage, non-reassuring fetal heart rate, neonatal Apgar score in minutes one and 5, and mean duration of beginning the intervention up to delivery. However, uterine tachysystole and NICU admission were more in the group to whom the titrated solution of misoprostol was administered (p=0.002 and p=0.037 respectively). The number of cesarean deliveries due to failure to progress was higher in the EASI group. However, EASI group showed the least number of none-reassuring fetal heart rate between the three groups. Meconium passage was more in the titrated misoprostol group, but the difference was not significant.
Conclusion: All three methods are appropriate methods for induction of labor in the cases of unfavorable cervix; and choosing each method depends on the expertise of labor staff, accessibility to the medications, cost, and taking care for monitoring the patients and adverse effects.
Rokhsareh Mohammadzadeh, Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani, Maryam Kashanian, Mojgan Oshaghi, Nour Amirmozafari,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Gardnerella vaginalis is considered as the predominant microorganism found in bacterial vaginosis (BV). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of virulence factors in G. vaginalis associated with BV or non-BV cases and their correlations with this disorder.
Methods: A total of 102 vaginal specimens were collected from patients during their visit to Akbar Abadi hospital in Tehran, Iran. Bacterial vaginosis was determined by Nugent score and Amsel’s criteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection of G. vaginalis 16S rRNA, vaginolysin, sialidase and phospholipase genes. To evaluate the association between the presence of vly, pho, and sld genes and BV. Pearson Chi-square test was applied using SPSS software. P-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Totally, 27.4% of the patients were suffering from BV. Gardnerella vaginalis was found in 100% women with BV and in 56.7% women with normal vaginal discharge. The prevalence of vly, sld and pho genes in BV-associated G. vaginalis was 10 (35.7%) (95% CI [0.18, 0.53]), 19 (67.8%) (95% CI [0.51, 0.85]) and 6 (21.4%) (95% CI [0.06, 0.37]), respectively. The prevalence of the aforementioned genes in non-BV associated G. vaginalis was 20 (47.6%) (95% CI [0.33, 0.63]), 28 (66.6%) (95% CI [0.52, 0.81]), and 5 (11.9%) (95% CI [0.02, 0.22]), respectively. Our results showed no statistically significant association between the presence of the virulence genes and BV associatedness of this microorganism.
Conclusion: Our results showed the presence of G. vaginalis in all BV patients and relatively high prevalence in healthy individuals. The prevalence rates of the three virulence genes were different in BV and non-BV associated G. vaginalis; however, the differences were not statistically significant.
