Ainagul Beissova, Vitaly Kamkhen, Mira Turbekova, Maulen Malgazhdarov, Sabira Koshkimbayeva, Lyaila Kozhabek,
Volume 37, Issue 1 (2-2023)
Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with diabetes are among the most vulnerable. Our purpose is to research the dynamics of morbidity, mortality, and survival of patients with diabetes in Kazakhstan before and during the current pandemic.
Methods: The indicators were calculated taking into account gender and nosological forms (E10-E14, according to ICD-10).The survival analysis was performed by the method of constructing survival tables and the Kaplan-Meier method. Based on methods, the official reporting data of 1,903,243 cases of diabetes and 20,605 deaths from diabetes were analyzed for the period 2018-2021.
Results: In Kazakhstan, during the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the absolute frequency of all cases of diseases by 1.8 times (716,048 in 2021 against 396,990 in 2018) and newly detected by 2.0 times (from 38,396 to 75,027), also prevalence by 1.7 times (3743.9 in 2021 against 2142.2 in 2018) and incidence E10-E14 by 1.9 times (392.3 in 2021 against 207.2 in 2018). Mortality from E10-E14 in Kazakhstan increased during the pandemic by more than 1.5 times (34.1 per 100,000 in 2021 against 22.3 per 100,000 in 2018), and the average survival time at E10-E14 shifted (from 69.8 to 70.5 years) (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: To a greater extent, the increase in diseases and terminal outcomes occurred due to non-insulin-dependent type (E11) diabetes, mainly in the female population.
Guldana Shoibekova, Mira Turbekova, Farida Iskakova, Gulmira Altynbayeva, Elmira Ospanova, Maulen Malgazhdarov,
Volume 38, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Brain ischemia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in infants. Currently, many factors influence the degree of development of ischemia and the consequences affecting the child’s body. The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of the physical and psychomotor development of children with brain ischemia.
Methods: Based on empirical data, physical (centile tables were used) and psychomotor development (Griffiths scale was used) were studied in 246 full-term children who suffered mild and moderate brain ischemia (ICD-10 codes: 91.1-91.4). There was a frequency of physical disharmony and psychomotor dysfunction, association with each other and the modeling of prognostic characteristics. The following methods were used for the analysis: Pearson chi-square calculation, Kaplan-Meier method and logistic regression.
Results: The prevalence of physical disharmony in the studied population of children who had cerebral ischemia is 19.5%, and that of psychomotor dysfunction is 35.0%. The results of the analysis indicate the presence of an association between physical development and psychomotor development of children with cerebral ischemia (P ≤ 0.001; %95 CI OR 1.961-7.270). The disharmony of physical development in children with cerebral ischemia is higher in female children (OR = 2.061, CI = 1.002-4.236), and it grows with an increase in the childbearing age of the mother (OR = 1.090, 95% CI = 1.018-4.236) and decreases with a decrease in the birth weight of the child (OR = 0.189, 95% CI = 0.104-0.345). The probability of occurrence of psychomotor dysfunction is higher in children whose mothers had a complicated birth (OR = 2.065, 95% CI = 1.209-3.527).
Conclusion: In children who have suffered brain ischemia, 1/5 of cases develop physical disharmony, and 1/3 of cases develop psychomotor dysfunction. These long-term consequences studied are interrelated with such prognostic characteristics as childbearing age and complicated childbirth in the mother, as well as the sex and weight of the child. The incidence of a combination of physical disharmony and psychomotor dysfunction in children who have suffered cerebral ischemia is 11.8%.
