Showing 4 results for Nosrati
Sina Ahmadi, Homeira Sajjadi, Farhad Nosrati Nejad, Naser Ahmadi, Salah Eddin Karimi, Moein Yoosefi, Hassan Rafiey,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate lifestyle changes and their impact on hypertension control and why and how lifestyle modifications are recommended for patients with hypertension. Four non pharmacological strategies have been recommended by physicians for hypertension control for hypertensive patients in Iran: healthier diet, smoking cessation, physical activity, and weight loss.
Methods: Among participants of Iran STEPS Non-communicable Disease Risk Factors Survey (STEPs), 7879 hypertensive patients aged ≥25 years were selected. All statistical analyses were calculated using STATA software version 14. Means, proportions, and multiple binary logistic regression models were used. Two-tailed p values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The results of this study showed that about three quarters of people with high blood pressure had been recommended lifestyle strategies by their physician for blood pressure control. Of the participants, 41% reported that they had been recommended only lifestyle modification for their blood pressure (BP), while 35% reported that they were recommended both lifestyle changes and medications as part of their treatment. Healthier diet, 71.9% (70.8-72.9), and smoking cessation, 23.8% (21.4-25.6), were the most and least frequently recommended strategies, respectively. Also, the rates of recommendations on smoking cessation, weight loss, increased physical activity, and healthier diet were more among women, married, and illiterate individuals, respectively.
Conclusion: Because of the changes and transitions in the lifestyle and dietary habits in the modern world, policies and training programs should be developed to improve the recommendations on lifestyle modification. Also, educational programs should be developed to increase patient’s acceptance of lifestyle modifications and physical activity.
Fateh Tavangar, Hassan Rafiey, Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Farhad Nosrati Nejad, Gholamreza Ghaedamini Harouni, Hesam Ghiasvand, Fardin Alipour, Sina Ahmadi,
Volume 34, Issue 1 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background: Development of tools for measuring stress has been considered by mental health researchers for many years. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a "Stressful Events Inventory"(SEI) using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.
Methods: Using a representative sample (n=6000) from all people who reside in Tehran, the validity of the inventory was confirmed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and its reliability was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha.
Results: Eleven major sets of stressful events were identified as follow: political problems (α=0.731), neighborhood’s problems (α=0.739), livelihood problems (α=0.609), fear of the future (α=0.663), educational events (α=0.635), educational changes (α=0.704), individual changes (α=0.463), occupational difficulties (α=0.64), housing problems (α=0.69), problems related to occupational relations (α=0.46), and family problems (α=0.69). The value of correlation between the factors was equal to 0.82 and the value of variance determined by these factors was 0.49 (r^2=0.49). In the confirmatory factor analysis, these factors also had an appropriate fitness (RMSEA=0.02).
Conclusion: The developed instrument has suitable psychometric properties, which make it appropriate for future research on psychosocial stress.
Fateh Tavangar, Gholamreza Ghaedamini Harouni, Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Farhad Nosratinejad, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Gharehghani,, Hassan Rafiey,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Socioeconomic status is one of the most important social determinants of the formation of stressful events. The purpose of this study was to estimate the amount of inequality in experiencing stressful events among higher and lower socio-economic groups and zones of Tehran citizens.
Methods: The study was descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional. Through a multistage sampling method, 5895 adult residents in Tehran were selected. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire designed to measure stressful events in Tehran, which includes 11 dimensions of stressful factors. Concentration index and concentration curves were used to analyze the data.
Results: Among the 11 stressful life events, 6 of them were significant. Stress by the neighborhood problems (CI = -0.47, 95% CI: -0.66, -0.28) and living problems (CI = -0.50, 95% CI: -0.68, -0.32) was pro-rich, and these two dimensions formed the greatest inequality between the poor and the rich. The other 3 dimensions of stress caused by housing problems, political problems and fear of the future were also pro-rich. Only educational problem stressors were pro-poor. Stressful life event experience was concentrated on residents of low-development areas (zones 1 and 2).
Conclusion: Residents of Tehran experience stressful events unequally, and this inequality exists both within and between social groups. Most stressful events were observed among the poor and less developed zones.
Zohreh Sohrabi, Sohrab Nosrati, Zahra Nouri Khaneghah, Elham Ramezanpor, Shirin Ghanavati, Akram Zhianifard,
Volume 37, Issue 1 (2-2023)
Abstract
Background: One of the most important indicators of the quality of education and academic achievement is students' academic engagement, and the progress of using online education has fundamentally changed the learning-teaching processes Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two methods of online education based on Sweller's cognitive load theory and online education in a conventional method on the academic engagement of medical students in anatomy.
Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with two groups not identical to the before and after design. To collect information, the Shuffle and Becker academic engagement questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha of 0.85 was used. The subject was 104 basic science students. General medicine students were divided by non-random method into two groups of intervention (n = 52) and control (n = 52). After the intervention, a post-test was taken. After collecting data, this data was entered into SPSS software version 24.
Results: The results of the independent t-test showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of academic engagement in the control and intervention groups after the intervention and also, the results of the dependent t-test showed that online teaching of anatomy course based on Sweller's cognitive load theory has a positive and significant effect on medical students' academic engagement.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and the significant effect of online education based on cognitive theory, it is suggested that teachers and educators be educated about the basic principles of load cognitive theory so that they can apply these principles due to the limited capacity of active memory.
