Showing 44 results for Omid
M Moghaddami, M.r Shidfar, K Omidi, T Mahmoodi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (11-1991)
Abstract
During 2 years, from March 1987 to April 1989, 600 samples of soil and
plant were collected from different cities of northern provinces of Iran. Out
of the six hundred samples 58 Actinomycetes, 9 Pseudallescheria boydii, 10
Sporothrix schenckii, and 4 Sporothrix schenckii-like fungi were isolated as
the following: Streptomyces griseus from 31 samples (38.27%), Nocardia
asteroides from 8 samples (9.87%), Actinomadura madura from 8 samples
(9.87% ), Streptomyces lavendulae from 6 samples (7.4 % ), Nocardia autotropica
from 3 samples (3.7%) Streptomyces rimosus from 1 sample(1.24%),
Nocardia carnea from 1 sample (1.24%), Pseudallescheria boydii from 9
samples (11.11 %), Sporothrix schenckii from 10 samples (12.34%), Sporothrix
schencii-like fungi induding ceratocystis sp.from 2 samples (2.48%),
Doratomyces purpureofuscus from 1 sample (1.24%), and Scopulariopsis
candida from 1 sample (1.24%).
M Rezayat, M Omidi, M Ramazani, M Karami, H Saberi, A Bakhtiarian,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (8-1998)
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a widely used herbicide. However, a large number of cases
of accidental or suicidal poisoning from PQ has been reported. Membrane
damage induced by lipid peroxidation, inactivation of protein or damage to
DNA by radical formation have been suggested as toxicity mechanisms of PQ.
In the present work, the effects of atropine, propranolol, procainamide and
dipyridamole on PQ-induced intoxication have been studied.
Oroups of male albino mice were used under standard conditions. All the
drugs were injected intraperitoneally in different doses. The results indicated
that administration of PQ (40 mg/kg, i.p.) increased the death rate of animals
(77%) during 3 days, whereas a dose of 20 mg/kg of PQ only decreased the lung
tissue total protein and glutathione (OS H) content. This poison also produced
serious histopathologic changes in lung tissue. Administration of propranolol
( 10 and 20 mg/kg), procainamide (20 and 40 mg/kg), dipyridamole (30 and 60
Mg/kg) and atropine (5 and 10 mg/kg) decreased the PQ (40 mg/kg)-induced
mortality rate in the pre- or post-treatment regimens. These drugs were also
effective in reversing the PQ-induced alteration in the lung tissue protein and
OSH content, however the pathological findings attenuated in the treated
animals. Although the exact mechanism of these drugs against paraquat-toxicity
in mice is still unknown, it appears that some of the drugs used may be effective
in reversing PQ-induced poisoning in mice and possibly their effects are related
to the inhibition of membrane lipid peroxidation via different mechanisms.
Omid Reza Firoozifard, Seyyed Mohammad Rafiei,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (11-2000)
Abstract
We wished to assess the frequency of EEG positivity with our available EEG
technology to compare with those elsewhere. Between April 1996 to February
1997, of patients referred to the Pediatric Neurology Out-patient Clinic for assessment
of seizure disorders, 202 randomly selected patients aged 16 months to
17 years (mean 8.96 years) underwent a 10-minute inter-ictal EEG recording using
a standard lO-channel paper EEG, with various activation techniques performed.
Of these, 142 (70.3%) were clinically diagnosed as having some type of
seizure disorder, while the rest (60, 29.7%) had EEG performed for other reasons.
Of 142 cases with seizure disorder, 65 (45.8%) had definitely abnormal, 15
(10.5%) suspicious, and 62 (43.7%) had normal EEG's. In the 60 "other" patients,
22 (36.7%) had abnormal, 2 (3.3%) suspicious, and 36 (60%) normaI EEG's.
In 202 patients as a whole, 87 EEG's (43.06%) were abnormal, 17 (8.41 %)
suspicious, and 98 (48.51 %) normal.
In conclusion, although of lower than standard technology compared to those
taken in developed countries, EEG's taken in our laboratory could help us substantiate
our clinical impression of seizure disorders in children. The result could
be further improved by more appropriate selection of cases and further refining
the procedure, using the same instrument.
Ali Shamsa, Abbas A Omidi,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2004)
Abstract
Testicular schwannoma is a very rare benign scrotal tumor. It is a painless mass,
but sometimes referred because of pain or sensory losses. Tumor markers are normal
and radical orchidectomy is its best treatment. Here we present an unusual case of
intrascrotal schwannoma in a 57 year old man, with a review of the literature.
A A. bazrafshan, M Omidian,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (9-2004)
Abstract
In this article , the authors introduce a case of Caroli's Disease (CD) according to
the results of ultrasonography (U.S), abdominal computed tomography (CT scan) and
hepatic biopsy that has been manifested in the neonatal period. In the routine examination
of the neonate, abdominal protrusion was noticed. Then milk intoterance, inability
of meconium passage and vomiting developed, during workup, a diagnosis of CD was
confirmed. Although CD is rare in the neonatal period, it should be considered in the
differential diagnosis of abdominal protrusion.
A Mosalaei, N Ahmadloo, S Omidvari, M Mohammadianpanah,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (11-2004)
Abstract
The optimal fractionation schedule for radiotherapy of head and neck cancer
has been controversial. The objective of this randomized trial was to test the
efficacy of hyperfractionation vs. standard fractionation.
Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck organs were randomly
assigned to receive radiotherapy delivered with A) standard fractionation at 2
Gy/fraction/day, 5 days/week, to 65-70 Gy/7 weeks B) hyperfractionation at 1.2
Gy/fraction, twice daily, 5 days/week to 75 - 80 Gy/7 weeks. All patients but one
completed the treatment. The median follow-up was 24 months for all patients.
Patients treated with hyperfractionation had significantly better local-regional
control (p<0.005) than those treated with standard fractionation. Although acute
morbidity was somewhat higher in the hyperfractionated radiotherapy group, late
disturbing effect was much lower in this group.
In conclusion, hyperfractionation is more efficacious than standard fractionation
for locally advanced head and neck cancer. Acute but not late effects are
also increased.
Hamid Behtash, Ebrahim Ameri, Mohamadsaleh Ganjavian, Farzad Omidi-Kashani, Marzieh Nojomi,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (2-2009)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis can be associated with significant
low back pain, especially in physically active adolescents. Non-operative management
is usually successful in improving symptoms, but surgical intervention is
occasionally required. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of in situ posterolateral
fusion in the treatment of refractory cases with spondylolysis.
Methods: In this prospective before and after study, we described our experience
in13 patients managed by in situ fusion after failing multimodality non-operative
treatment. All surgical procedures were performed by the senior author and by a similar
technique. The spondylolytic vertebra and the one below were fused, in situ. Finally,
clinical outcome and recovery rates of clinical symptoms were evaluated by
Henderson’s functional capacity and Oswestry Disability Index version 2.1, respectively.
Results: The mean duration of non-operative management was 36 (12-72)
months. There were 8 males and 5 females. Average pre- and postoperative Oswestry
Disability Indices were 28.4%±13.7% and 4.9±7.8 respectively (P=0.001, significant).
All patients had follow-up contact on an average of 42.3 months (range 30 - 62
months). Based on Henderson’s clinical outcome functional capacity at the final follow-
up stage clinical outcomes were excellent in 10, good in 2 and poor in 1 patient.
The case with poor result had a pseudoarthrosis and was re-oprated. Finally he had an
excellent outcome.
Conclusion: We accept that the number of our cases is not high significantly but it
can be claimed that in situ fusion is a safe and effective modality to treat symptomatic
patients with spondylolysis and low-grade spondylolisthesis. A study with much
more cases is strongly recommended.
Davod Jafari, Omid Liaghat,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (11-2011)
Abstract
Abstract
A 2.5 year old girl is presented with both hands constriction bands leading to distal amputations and the rare deformity of shoulder duplication in the right side accompanying constriction skin marking over the affected shoulder. The cephalomedial scapula articulated with the clavicle and the caudolateral scapula articulated with humeral head. The most important physical finding which could explain the pathophysiology of this rare anomaly, was constriction band marking over the right shoulder. Shoulder range of motion was limited but still functional and no surgical intervention was required for the scapular duplication.
Farzad Omidi-Kashani, Ebrahim G. Hasankhani, Mohamed H. Ebrahimzadeh,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background: One of the important sites for extrapulmonary TB involvement is the skeleton. Tuberculous spondylitis (Pott’s disease) comprises 50-70% of the skeletal tuberculosis.
Methods: In this case series study, we prospectively investigated the result of anterior surgery alone (anterior debridement, fusion and instrumentation) in the patients with spinal tuberculosis. The patients with immature skeleton, long segment disease or kyphosis more than 50° were excluded. All the cases were followed for at least 2 years (mean 31.4+/-6.4 months).
Results: This study comprised of 23 (13 male and 10 female) cases with a mean age of 35.8 (SD=7.8) years old. Segmental kyphosis was corrected from +11.9° (SD=13.8°) preoperatively to -3.8° (SD=8.9°) after surgery that was mainly maintained at the last follow up visit. Bony :::union::: was achieved in all cases but one.
Conclusions: Our results showed that in selected cases of tuberculous spondylitis, anterior surgery alone could be encouraging.
Hamidreza Yazdi, Mehdi Ramezan Shirazi, Omid Momen Shouli, Farzad Yazdi, Alireza Moslem,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (8-2012)
Abstract
Background: To determine the efficacy of three different antiseptic solutions (Control group (I), Antibiotic solution – Neomycin and polymyxin (II), Chlorhexidine 0.4% (III), and povidone – iodine 10% (IV)) in disinfecting contaminated bone fragments. Methods: Under sterile conditions, the femora of 12 rabbits were removed and cut into six millimeter pieces. A total of 200 bone specimens were obtained. All 200 specimens were dropped on the operating room floor for fifteen seconds and assigned to one of four experimental groups. Group I samples were cultured after immersion in normal saline solution (Control group). In other three groups, prior to culture the samples, they were washed with normal saline for ninety seconds and placed in an antibiotic solution (Neomycin & Polymyxin) (group II), Chlorhexidine 0.4% (group III), and povidone-iodine 10% (group IV) respectively.
Results: In group I, 22 of 50 specimens had positive cultures. Of 50 specimens of group II and IV, positive cultures were found in 3 and 2 grafts respectively after 10 days whereas no positive cultures were detected in any samples of group III. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine 0.4% seems to be the best antiseptic solution for discontaminating the contaminated bone samples although it did not have any significant difference with povidone-iodine and other antibiotic solution.
Maryam Jalessi, Guive Sharifi, Mohammad Rasool Mirfallah Layalestani, Ebrahim Amintehran, Parin Yazdanifard, Omidvar Rezaee Mirghaed, Mohammad Farhadi,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (Published 8 October 2013)
Abstract
Background:
Proposing a strategy for sellar reconstruction in endoscopic transsphenoidal
transsellar approach for pituitary adenoma.
Methods:
240 patients with pituitary adenoma underwent pure endoscopic endonasal
transsphenoidal surgery. Intra-operative CSF leaks were classified as grade 0,
no observable leak grade 1, CSF dripping through an arachnoid membrane defect
of less than 1 mm and grade 2, CSF flowing through an arachnoid defect of more
than 1 mm. Sellar reconstruction was performed according to our staging system
in stage I, the defect was covered with oxidized cellulose and sphenoid sinus
filled up with Gelfoam. In stage II, a layer of fat was applied on the defect
and fascia lata placed epidurally. In stage III, one or two layers of fascia
were used with adding surgical glue and/or lumbar drainage. Mucosa of sphenoid
sinuses was kept intact as much as possible and approximated at the end of
procedure.
Result:
intra-operative CSF leaks grade 0, 1 and 2 resulted in 133(55.4%), 78 (32.5%)
and 29(12.1%) patients, respectively. Stage I of reconstruction was used in 126
patients (52.5%) with no intra-operative CSF leak or sever prolapse of
arachnoid membrane. Stage II was performed in 80 patients (33.3%) with either
leak grade 1 (73 patients) or grade 0 with severe prolapse of the suprasellar
components induced in the sella (2 cases) or in whom extra-pseudocapsular
dissection performed (5 cases). Stage III was performed in 34 cases (14.2%)
with either CSF leak grade 2 (29 patients) or grade 1 with simultaneous severe
destruction or removal of sellar floor laterally, superiorly or inferiorly (5
patients) which made it impossible to place the fascia underlay to the bone. A
minimum of 18 months follow-up showed development of 2 CSF leaks (0.8%), one
pneumocephalus (0.4%) and 2 meningitis (0.8%) cases.
Conclusion:
Given the low postoperative CSF leak rate, we demonstrated that our adopted
sellar reconstruction strategy focusing mostly on the adopted intra-operative
CSF leak grading system is safe and useful for overcoming devastating
complications like postoperative CSF leaks.
Zahra Jafari, Shaghayegh Omidvar, Fateme Jafarloo,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (Published 8 October 2013)
Abstract
Background:
According to previous studies, most of the speech recognition disorders in
older adults are the results of deficits in audibility and auditory temporal
resolution. In this paper, the effect of ageing on timecompressed speech and
auditory temporal resolution by word recognition in continuous and interrupted
noise was studied.
Methods:
A time-compressed speech test (TCST) was conducted on 30 young and 32 older
adults with normal hearing thresholds. Lists of monosyllabic words were used at
three time compression ratios. Auditory temporal resolution was determined by
measuring the monosyllabic word recognition score (WRS), in the presence of continuous
and interrupted noise, at three signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns).
Results:
There was a significant difference in TCST scores at the three compression
ratios within and between young and older adult groups (p< 0.001). Similar
results were obtained in WRSs at the three S/Ns in the presence of interrupted
and continuous noise (p< 0.001), and in the degree of auditory temporal
resolution (p=0.007). A significant correlation was found between the level of
test difficulty of TCST with WRSs in both young (r = 0.549, P=0.002) and older
adults (r= 0.531, P=0.003).
Conclusion:
Our results showed that ageing remarkably affects the processing of fast speech
stimuli and temporal resolving ability. These results are more supportive of
the effect of ageing on speech perception than on loss of hearing.
Ebrahim Ghayem Hasankhani, Farzad Omidi-Kashani,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (Published 8 October 2013)
Abstract
It
has been reported that fractures are more common in epileptic patients relative
to the general population. Seizures by repeated muscular contractions can
increase fracture risk throughout the skeleton, but the reported papers about
non traumatic vertebral fractures following a single episode of seizure are
rare and mostly located in thoracic spine with only one or two vertebral
fracture. The case we reported here was a 42 year old otherwise healthy man who
had three vertebral fractures due to a single idiopathic seizure affected the
lumbar region with no previous history of underlying disease, trauma, or drug
use.
Kambiz Abachizadeh, Battol Tayefi, Abbas Ali Nasehi, Nadereh Memaryan, Maryam Rassouli, Soheila Omidnia, Leila Bagherzadeh,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: Social health is considered as a significant dimension of health and, hence, its assessment is vital in health planning. Within this context, this study aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale for measuring individual’s social health in Iran. To do so, an exploratory sequential mixed method was used.
Methods: To establish the item pool and primary scale, 30 interviews with experts and other stakeholders, and a primary review of relevant literature and similar questionnaires were conducted. Then, a survey with 800 respondents from three cities in Iran was undertaken to assess the validity and reliability of the scale.
Results: In the qualitative stage of this study, after careful consideration, forty questions were remained for the next step. Considering the correlation of the score of each question with the total score of the questionnaire, seven questions were omitted. For this questionnaire with 33 remaining questions, Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was estimated to be 0.86. The reliability coefficient for 100 samples (taken after 7 to 10 days from the first round of sampling) was 0.91. Considering the factor analysis, three factors were recognized. These factors were named as “family”, “community” and “friends and relatives”. Cronbach's Alpha for internal consistency of community, friends and relatives, and family factors were estimated to be 0.91, 0.77 and 0.78 respectively. The corresponding value of the reliability indicator, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), for community, friends and relatives, and family were calculated 0.69, 0.80 and 0.67 respectively.
Conclusion: We developed a measurable scale for social health at an individual level in the Iranian community with an acceptable level of validity and reliability. The new developed scale is able to provide an opportunity to measure Iranians’ social health at an individual level. Such an indicator of individual health can be used in evaluating the performance of social health policies and providing a platform for evidence-based policy-making in the social health context.
Alimohamad Asghari, Shahin Rajaeih, Fatemeh Hassannia, Negah Tavakolifard, Hamed Fattahi Neisyani, Seyed Kamran Kamrava, Maryam Jalessi, Parisa Omidian,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background :Soft tissue profile can be widely different in various populations. Furthermore, this profile can be also continues to change throughout life. However, there are few studies that quantitatively evaluate the soft tissue profile in Iranian population. In order to determine normal reference values of facial parts in our populations, we aimed to measure standards for facial soft tissue parameters in Iranian young population.
Methods : The study samples included 155 medical students at the Firouzgar hospital in winter 2011. The soft tissue facial profiles were digitally analyzed using linear measurements and angles made with standardized photographic records, taken in a natural head position, to determine the average soft tissue facial profile for males and females.
Results : There was a statistically significant difference between males and females in 21 of our 26 measurements. The most prominent differences between the genders were observed in the measurements taken from the face region. Minimum frontal breadth and supraorbital breadth were larger in males than in females. Except for middle face height measurement, other horizontal and vertical measurements for the face were larger in males than in females, indicating wider and higher faces in men than in women. Some measurements of facial angles are discrepant between the two genders.
Conclusion : Due to the specific features of Iranian facial soft tissue values and also observable differences in facial measurements and angles between men and women, the Iranian standard values on facial measurements and angles should be given more attention, especially by plastic and cosmetic surgeons.
Omid Pournik, Sara Dorri, Hedieh Zabolinezhad, Seyyed Moayed Alavian, Saeid Eslami,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background :Timely diagnosis of liver cirrhosis is vital for preventing further liver damage and giving the patient the chance of transplantation. Although biopsy of the liver is the gold standard for cirrhosis assessment, it has some risks and limitations and this has led to the development of new noninvasive methods to determine the stage and prognosis of the patients. We aimed to design an artificial neural network (ANN) model to diagnose cirrhosis patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using routine laboratory data.
Methods : Data were collected from 392 patients with NAFLD by the Middle East Research Center in Tehran. Demographic variables, history of diabetes, INR, complete blood count, albumin, ALT, AST and other routine laboratory tests, examinations and medical history were gathered. Relevant variables were selected by means of feature extraction algorithm (Knime software) and were accredited by the experts. A neural network was developed using the MATLAB software.
Results : The best obtained model was developed with two layers, eight neurons and TANSIG and PURLIN functions for layer one and output layer, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 86.6% and 92.7%, respectively.
Conclusion : The results of this study revealed that the neural network modeling may be able to provide a simple, noninvasive and accurate method for diagnosing cirrhosis only based on routine laboratory data.
Farzad Omidi-Kashani, Ebrahim Ghayem Hasankhani, Hamid Reza Noroozi,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background :The incidence of recurrence in patients undergoing primary discectomy due to lumbar disc herniation (LDH), is regularly reported as 5-15%. In this study we aimed to evaluate surgical outcome of instrumented transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the patients suffering from recurrent LDH.
Methods : We retrospectively studied 51 patients (30 female, 21 male) from August 2007 to October 2011. The mean age and follow-up of the patients was 46.4±14.8 (ranged 29-77 years old) and 31.4±6.8 (ranged 25-50 months), respectively. Clinical improvement was assessed by Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analogue scale (VAS), and subjective satisfaction rate, while fusion was appraised radiologically. Data analysis was by one sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov, paired t, and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results : Surgery could significantly improve mean leg and lumbar VAS and ODI from preoperative 7.4±2.5, 7.8±3.1, and 72.1±21.5 to postoperative 3.4±3.6, 3.5±2.6, and 27.5±18.0, respectively at the last follow-up visit. Subjective satisfaction rate was excellent in 24 patients (47.1%), good in 14 (27.5%), fair 11 (21.6%), and poor in two (3.9%). We had one patient with iatrogenic partial L5 nerve root injury and one with unknown late onset refractory postoperative back pain. Fusion rate was 100% and instrument failure was nil.
Conclusion : In surgical treatment of the patients with recurrent LDH, bilaterally instrumented TLIF is a relatively safe and effective procedure and can be associated with least instrument failure and highest fusion rate while no postoperative bracing is also needed.
Omid Pournik, Leila Ghalichi, Alireza Tehrani Yazdi, Seyed Mohammad Tabatabaee, Mostafa Ghaffari, Eva Vingard,
Volume 29, Issue 1 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background: The effect of psychosocial work environment on personal and organizational aspects of employees is well-known and it is of fundamental importance to have valid tools to evaluate them. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ).
Methods : The questionnaire was translated into Persian and then back translated into English by two translators separately. The wording of the final Persian version was established by comparing the translated versions with the original questionnaire. One hundred three health care workers completed the questionnaire. Chronbach’s alpha was calculated, and factor analysis was performed.
Results : Factor analysis revealed acceptable validity for the five contexts of the questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.73 to 0.82 in different contexts.
Conclusion : This study revealed that the Persian version of COPSOQ is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring psychosocial factors at work.
Hooman Angoorani, Ali Mazaherinezhad, Omid Marjomaki, Shima Younespour,
Volume 29, Issue 1 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis is a disabling musculoskeletal disease with no definite treatment. This study compared the effect of Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) plus exercise in the treatment of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis.
Methods : 54 eligible patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated into two groups. (IRCT2012110611382N) Group A (27 patients) received 2 injections of PRP (4 weeks apart) and group B (27 patients) received 10 sessions of TENS as well as exercise during the study period.
Clinical outcome was evaluated using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) questionnaire before the treatment, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after that the treatment. Pain was also assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Time to an intolerable knee pain during treadmill workout was also evaluated using an objective test.
Results : In the PRP group, the mean KOOS symptom score improved significantly from baseline to the end of study, while the change was not significant over this period for the group B. In both groups, significant reductions were observed in VAS scores from baseline till the end of study. The mean time to feel intolerable knee pain during treadmill work out of PRP group increased significantly from baseline to week 4, but no significant changes were found in this parameter over the time of study in the group B.
Conclusion : Intraarticular injection of PRP is an effective, safe method for short-term treatment of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis.
Parisa Mirmoghtadaee, Ramin Heshmat, Shirin Djalalinia, Nazgol Motamed-Gorji, Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh, Gelayol Ardalan, Saeid Safiri, Zeinab Ahadi, Gita Shafiee, Hamid Asayesh, Mostafa Qorbani, Omid Yaghini, Roya Kelishadi,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is a major determinant of health inequality in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of SES of family and living region with self-rated health (SRH) and life satisfaction (LS) among children and adolescents.
Methods: This study was a part of the fourth survey of a national surveillance program, which was conducted in 30 provinces of Iran in 2011-2012. LS and SRH were assessed by a questionnaire based on the World Health Organization-Global School-based student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS). Family SES was estimated using principal component analysis (PCA) and based on family assets, parental education and occupation, and type of school. Region SES was calculated using PCA and some variables including literacy rate, family assets and employment rate.
Results: Out of 14,880 invited students, 13,486 (participation rate: 90.6%) completed the survey; of whom, 49.2% were girls, and 75.6% were from urban areas with the mean ± SD age of 12.47±3.36 years. In the multivariate model, SES of family and living region was associated with LS and good SRH. In the full models, in addition to all potential confounders, family and living region SES were included simultaneously. However, only the association of family SES with LS, and good SRH remained statistically significant.
Conclusion: The effect of families’ SES on SRH and LS is more important than regional SES. The presented patterns of SRH and LS may be useful in developing better health policies and conducting complementary studies in this field.
