Gr Ansari, Aa Pourfathollah, Ar Salekmoghaddam, A Tabatabaei,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (10-1995)
Abstract
In order to study and evaluate the indirect immunofluorescent test and the ratio
of CD41ymphocytes to CD8 lymphocytes, 97 cases of positive candida cultures were
selected from among 400 patients referring to the hospital and suspected of
candidiasis. In this study 39% of the patients had an antibody titer less than 1: 160
No significant correlation was seen between canclidiasis and the results of the indirect
immunofluorescent test. But, considering the site of isolation, the antibody titer was
above I: 160 in all cases in• which candida was isolated from blood, whereas only4X'Y,
of samples in which candida was isolated from urine had an antibody titer above
I: 160 7% of cases in which candida was isolated from the vagina had an antibody
titer above I: 160. Patients suffering from systemic candidiasis had a decreased CD4/
CD8 lymphocyte ratio compared to normal subjects, whereas in vaginal and skin
candidiasis, the ratio had not differed significantly.
H Forootan Pishbijari, Sa Mortazavi Tabatabaei, M Jangodaz,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (11-2001)
Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate the short and long term efficacy of botulinum toxin
therapy in Iranian patients with achalasia.
In a randomized, double blind trial, 20 patients with achalasia, referring to
Imam Khomeini Hospital, received either 80 units of botulinum toxin (BT) or
placebo (PL) from 1995 to 1998. Two weeks later, the response to treatment was
assessed on the basis of changes in the symptom score (measured on a scale from
o to 9). Patients who received PL initially were subsequently treated with BT.
After two weeks and six months, assessment was repeated.
Two weeks after treatment, clinical evaluation revealed that in the BT group
all clinical symptoms were improved and the total symptom score had significantly
decreased from 6.2±1.4 to 1.9±1.66 (p<0.05) and no significant changes
were seen in the clinical score of the PL group. No significant differences were
seen in the BT group comparing thoracic pain after the first two weeks. Two
weeks after the first injection, patients who did not show clinical improvement
received toxin with the same previous dose and re-evaluation was performed two
weeks after the second injection and six months after the first injection.
After six months mean symptom score was 3.4±1.9 (p<0.005) in the BT
group and 2.4±1.51 (p<0.005) in the PL group. At this time clinical responses
persisted in 12 patients (60%).
In conclusion, injection of botulin urn toxin into the lower esophageal sphincter
is an effective, safe and simple method of treatment for achalasia, especially in
patients who cannot use other methods.
Samileh Noorbakhsh, Mahshid Talebi-Taher, Azardokht Tabatabaei,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (Published 28 February 2013)
Abstract
Background : An accurate and prompt diagnosis of bacterial arthritis is essential for earlier treatment and a good outcome. Superantigens produced by Staph. Aureus are among the most lethal toxins. The paper objective was Identification of common bacterial antigens and S.aureus superantigens in synovial fluid (SF) of children with negative culture and direct smear for other bacteria except for S.aureus.
Methods : In this cross-sectional study a total of 62 patients with a mean age of 11 ± 3.8 years (range: 5 months-16 years) with acute arthritis in pediatric and orthopedic wards of Rasoul Hospital (2008-2010) were studied. Three common bacterial antigens (e.g. S.pneumonia, H.influenza, N. meningitis) using LPA (latex particle antigen) and Staphylococcal superantigens (TSST1 Enterotoxin A B C) using ELISA method (ABcam USA) were identified in 60 adequate SF samples with negative culture and negative direct smears ) for other bacteria except for S.aureus. Staphylococcal superantigens were compared with S.aureus infection (positive culture or direct smear).
Results : Positive bacterial antigens (LPA test) were found in 4 cases including two S. Pneumonia, one N.meningitis, and one H.influenza. S.aureus was diagnosed in 7 cases including 4 positive cultures and 3 positive smears. Staphylococcal superantigens (toxins) were found in 73% of SF samples. Some cases had 2 or 3 types of toxins. S.aureus toxins were reported in 47% of culture negative SF samples. Positive TSST1, Enterotoxin B, Enterotoxin A, and Enterotoxin C were found in 47% (n= 28), 18% (n= 10), 39% (n= 22), and 39% ( n= 21) of cases respectively. The most common type of superantigens was TSST1 and Enterotoxin A was the less common type. Except for Enterotoxin A, no relation between positive S.aureus culture and positive tests for superantigens in SF was found.
Conclusion: S.aureus has a prominent role in septic arthritis. S.aureus toxins might have a prominent role in arthritis with negative SF culture. Rapid identification of bacterial antigens (LPA) or S.aureus superantigens (toxins) are valuable for diagnosis in cases with negative cultures. We recommend usage of complementary methods (e.g. antigen detection tests) in children. Those tests are cheaper and easier in comparison with PCR as a complex and time-taking method. Identification of S.aureus superantigens in SF of all cases with negative culture, or treatment with antagonist drugs needs further clinical trial studies.
Mohammad Farhadi, Samileh Noorbakhsh, Azardokht Tabatabaei,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (5-2013)
Abstract
Seyed Mansour Razavi, Ahmad Sabouri-Kashani, Hossein Ziaee-Ardakani, Aminreza Tabatabaei, Mojgan Karbakhsh, Hamidreza Sadeghipour, Seyed Abdolreza Mortazavi-Tabatabaei, Payman Salamati,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (Published 8 October 2013)
Abstract
Background:
Every year more than 2 million people depart from Iran to Saudi Arabia for Hajj
ritual which can be faced with some different diseases. There are not much
information about frequencies and trend of diseases in Hajj. The main objective
of this study was to determine the trend of prevalent diseases during five
consecutive Hajj rituals among Iranian pilgrims.
Methods:
We established a specific surveillance system for all Iranian pilgrims who had
participated in Hajj from 2004 to 2008. We monitored the pilgrims’ health
status before departure, through their journey. The understudied diseases were
19 selected types of diseases in the Hajj. The occurrences of diseases were
recorded on a researchers-made questionnaire. We used chi-square test for analysis
with the alpha lower than 5% to reject the null hypothesis.
Results:
During 5 consecutive periods, a total of 254,823 of Iranian pilgrims were
monitored for more common diseases with this system. The most prevalent
diseases were as follows: at least one type of respiratory involvement (71.26%),
common cold like syndrome (47.15%), and musculoskeletal disorders (18.67%), The
frequency of respiratory involvement was lower in 2006 than other years (p
<0.001).There were statistically significant differences between the numbers
of hospitalization and patients who were referred back to Iran with the year of
Hajj (p <0.001).
Conclusion:
Health managers should be informed about trend and frequency of more prevalent
diseases in Hajj. Easy access to health information via such surveillance
system can be possible.
Nastaran Khosravi, Anahita Izadi, Samileh Noorbakhsh, Shima Javadinia, Azardokht Tabatabaei, Sarvenaz Ashouri, Ramin Asgarian,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background :Lead elements have an adverse effect on human health. The most important complications of lead poisoning are disorders of nervous system particularly seizure .This study aimed to evaluate the blood lead levels and its association with convulsion in a group of hospitalized febrile children.
Methods : In this analytic cross-sectional study, 60 hospitalized febrile children with 1-60 month old participated in the study via non-probability convenience sampling method. All of the information included sex, age, weight, blood lead levels and history of convulsion gathered in the questionnaire. Finally all of data were statistically analyzed.
Results : 66.7% of samples were male and 33.3% were female. The mean age was 32.57±38.27 months and the mean weight was 13.04±9.61kg. The Mean and Standard deviation of Blood lead level was 4.83±3.50μg/dL. 10% of samples had lead levels greater than 10μg/dL. 53.3% of patients have convulsion and other don’t have it. Blood lead levels was 4.91±3.65μg/dL in children with convulsion and 4.73± 3.38μg/dL in children without it the difference was not significant (p= 0.8).
Conclusion : Overall, no significant association was found between blood lead levels and convulsion.
Elham Talachian, Ali Bidari, Samileh Noorbakhsh, Azardokht Tabatabaei, Fereshteh Salari,
Volume 29, Issue 1 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background: Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity during the early life period especially in developing countries. Micronutrients deficiencies have been proposed either as a risk factor or a consequence of diarrhea. Association studies highlight the relation of vitamins and minerals’ deficiencies with acute diarrhea. In this regard we aimed to evaluate the status of vitamins A and D, and zinc serum levels in children with acute diarrhea.
Methods : In this cross sectional study performed in a referral teaching hospital, we measured and compared baseline vitamin A, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), and zinc serum levels in 25 children admitted with acute diarrhea and 25 other children who were admitted for undergoing elective surgeries.
Results : 25-(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the diarrhea group (p=0.03). We were unable to demonstrate a significant difference in the levels of vitamin A and zinc between the case and control groups (p= 0.14 and p=0.07, respectively).
Conclusion : We observed lower serum 25(OH)D levels in children with acute diarrhea. Whether this finding indicates a premorbid risk factor or simply a consequence of diarrhea needs further studies. Regardless of the cause and effect relationship, supplementation with vitamin D in acute diarrhea remains as a plausibleconsideration.
Ali Asghar Farshad, Roksana Mirkazemi, Ali Falahati, Seyed Hosein Tabatabaei, Fereshteh Taheri, Shidrokh Ghaemi Mood,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Health needs assessment (HNA) is essential for allocation of limited resources to the most prioritized problems. HNA in work places has gained increasing importance. Kaveh industrial city is the largest and oldest industrial city in Iran, with a wide range of different industries, making it an exemplary industrial city in Iran. This study was done to conduct health needs assessment of workers in Kaveh industrial city.
Methods: In this study, intensive HNA approach and qualitative method were used. In-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted to collect information related to health risk factors, and Delphi method was used to prioritize these risk factors. A total of 74 key informants participated in this study, which constituted more than 80% of the total related experts of Kaveh industrial city.
Results: The main identified health challenge was inefficiency of the existing Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) control and monitoring system. The most important physical health risk factors were smoking and obesity and the most prioritized psychosocial risk factors were stress and lack of appropriate management and organizational culture. Ergonomic issues and noise pollution were the prioritized work environmental factors and inappropriate placement of pollutant industries in the industrial city was the most prioritized bioenvironmental risk factor. Unsafe road to industrial zone and poor safety devices used by workers were the most prioritized occupational injuries risk factors.
Conclusion: Addressing the identified health needs of workers in Kaveh industrial city is of high importance. Also, redefining the HSE control and monitoring system should be prioritized.
Vafa Saber, Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei, Seyyed Ali Tabatabaei, Mohammad Soleimani, Ali Haghighi,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the most common parasite that can lead to a disease called toxoplasmosis. In this study, serological and molecular complementary tests have been conducted to detect or diagnose this parasite.
Methods: A total of 71 patients with clinical symptoms of ocular toxoplasmosis and 20 patients with other ocular infections were evaluated. Serum and buffy coat samples were collected and tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assessments. Superficial T. gondii B1 gene was evaluated in PCR. The ocular toxoplasmosis patients were followed-up 2 weeks after the first sampling and 4 weeks following the first laboratory testing. The main outcome measures were the efficiency of the diagnostic procedure and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV).
Results: Overall, of the samples, 69% were PCR+, IgG+, and IgM-, and 4.2% showed PCR+, IgG+, and IgM+. In the first follow-up, after 2 weeks, from the 41 referred patients, 29 (70%) showed PCR+, IgG+, and IgM-, which confirmed the results of the first sampling. In the second follow-up, 9 (47%) patients were PCR+, IgG+, and IgM-. A correlation was observed between the first referral and the follow-ups. Also, from 71 patients, diagnosed clinically as ocular toxoplasmosis, the disease was confirmed in 73.2% and 26.8% of those suffering from other ocular infections. Of the 20 control group samples, 55% showed PCR-, IgG+, and IgM-. The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values, and negative and positive likelihoods were analyzed for IgG and IgM antibodies and for PCR using ELISA method.
Conclusion: As the ophthalmologic signs of T. gondii may be mimicked by other infections, clinical methods may be complemented by laboratory approaches for a definite diagnosis. This would assist clinicians to achieve timely diagnosis and successful therapy and to control the infection.
Behrooz Banivaheb, Parmida Shahbazi, Nima Hemmati, Ashkan Yahyavi, Pegah Derakhshan, Seyed Mohammad Tabatabaei Jabali, Ali Kabir,
Volume 36, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: This study aims to provide information on the success rate of CPR in COVID-19 patients and some probable risk factors of mortality in these cases.
Methods: In this historical cohort design, the CPR success rate probable risk factors of 737 critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in 17 hospitals in the catchment area of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, was evaluated between Feb and Apr 2020. Data were extracted from a database that is a part of a national integrated care electronic health record system and analyzed with logistic and Cox regression models.
Results: COVID-19 cases were 341 (46.3%). The mean age in COVID-19 cases and non-COVID-19 patients were 70.0±14.6 and 63.0±19.3 years, respectively (P<0.001). The mortality was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients (99.1% vs. 74%, OR: 39.6, 95%CI: 12.4, 126.2). Cardiovascular diseases were the most frequent underlying disease (46.3% of COVID-19 cases and 35.1% of non-COVID-19 patients). Being a COVID-19 case (OR: 29.0, 95%CI: 8.9, 93.2), Intensive care unit admission (OR: 2.6, 95%CI: 1.5, 4.6) and age for each ten-year increase (OR: 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1, 1.4) were observed to be independent risk factors of mortality following CPR. The hazard ratio of being a COVID-19 patient was HR= 1.8 (95%CI: 1.5, 2.1).
Conclusion: Critically ill COVID-19 patients who undergo CPR have a decreased chance of survival in comparison to non-COVID-19 patients.
Armin Khavandegar, Vali Baigi, Mohammadreza Zafarghandi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Reza Farahmand-Rad, Seyed-Mohammad Piri, Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Khatereh Naghdi, Payman Salamati,
Volume 38, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Lengthy hospitalization may lead to an increased hospital-acquired patient complication, including infections, as well as increased costs for both healthcare systems and patients. A few studies evaluated the impact of various clinical and demographic variables on patients' length of stay (LOS). Hence, in this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of various variables on traumatic patients' LOS.
Methods: This is a retrospective single-center, registry-based study of traumatic patients admitted to Taleqani, a major trauma center in Kermanshah, Iran. A Minimal Dataset (MDS) was developed to retrieve traumatic data on demographic and clinical aspects. We used univariable and multiple quantile regression models to evaluate the association between independent variables, including ISS, GCS, and SBP, with LOS. LOS is practically defined as the time interval between hospital admission and discharge. The LOS durations have been presented as median (Q1 to Q3) hours. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 2708 cases were included in this study, with 1989 (73.4%) of them being male. The median LOS was 87.00 (48.00 to 144.00) hours. When adjusted for systolic blood pressure (SBP), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and cause of injury, the two characteristics of spine/back and multiple trauma were significantly associated with the higher LOS, with 43 (20.5 to 65.48) and 24 (10.39 to 37.60) hours more than extremities (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005). Besides, the patients admitted due to road traffic injuries (RTI) were discharged 16 and 41 hours later than falling and cutting/stabbing (P = 0.008 and < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, the patients with ISS≥16 and 9≤ISS≤15 had a median of 51 (21 to 80) and 34 (22 to 45) LOS hours more, compared to 1≤ISS≤8, respectively (P < 0.001). The trauma cases experiencing SBP ≤ 90 mmhg on admission had a median of 41 (20 to 62) hours more hospitalization period than those with SBP> 90 mmhg (P < 0.001). At last, the patients with GCS of 9 to 12 and GCS of 3 to 8 were hospitalized for 39 and 266 hours more than GCS of 13 to 15 (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Determining independent determinants of prolonged LOS may lead to better identifying at-risk patients on admission. Trauma care providers should consider the following risk factors for increased LOS: higher ISS, Lower GCS, and SBP, multiple trauma or spine injury, and trauma resulting from falling or cutting/stabbing. As a result, the impact of extended LOS might be reduced by intervening in the related influencing factors.
Ahmad Delbari, Amirali Azimi, Azin Pakmehr, Mohammad Saatchi, Mohammad Bidkhori, Fatemeh-Sadat Tabatabaei, Vahid Rashedi, Elham Hooshmand,
Volume 38, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Falls are considered one of the leading causes of accidental deaths and nonfatal accidental injuries in older adults. Previous research indicates a 1-in-5 yearly fall incidence among Iranian older adults. To examine specific risk factors within this population, our study aimed to evaluate fall risk factors such as obesity, sarcopenia, functional mobility, and activities of daily living (ADL) scores.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the first wave of the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA), involving participants ˃50 years who lived in Ardakan, Iran. The primary outcome was fall history in the past 12 months. The main biomechanical variables included body mass index (BMI), muscle strength, gait speed, static balance, and mobility-assisting devices. Sarcopenia was assessed based on the ratio of hand grip strength to BMI. Multiple logistic regressions assessed associations by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval.
Results: The final analysis included 4983 participants, 994 of whom reported at least 1 fall. Participants had a mean age of 62.21 ± 4.47 years (50-86 years), with a 48% male distribution. The results of multivariable logistic regression indicated that obesity (OR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.70- 1.47]; P = 0.910), waist-to-hip ratio (OR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.74-1.40]; P = 0.903), hand grip strength (OR, 1.20 [95% CI, 0.87-1.66]; P = 0.255), and sarcopenia (OR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.82- 1.51]; P = 0.474) did not have significant associations with falls. However, impaired standing balance test (OR: 1.64 [95% CI, 1.09-2.47]; P = 0.017) and dependency on ADL (OR, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.05-3.56]; P = 0.032) increased falling.
Conclusion: Impaired balance tests and dependency on ADL increase the risk of falls in older adults. However, obesity indicators, sarcopenia, and gait speed were not associated with the risk of falls.
